List of rampage killers (familicides in the United States)

This is a list of familicides that occurred in the United States. Being part of the list of rampage killers, the latter's terms of inclusion are also applied here.

A rampage killer has been defined as follows:

A rampage involves the (attempted) killing of multiple persons least partly in public space by a single physically present perpetrator using (potentially) deadly weapons in a single event without any cooling-off period.[1]

This list should contain every case with at least one of the following features:

  • Rampage killings with 6 or more dead
  • In all cases the perpetrator is not counted among those killed or injured.

All abbreviations used in the table are explained below.

Rampage killers

Perpetrator Date Year Location State Killed Injured W Additional Notes Ref.
1.Simmons, Ronald Gene, 47 Dec. 22–281987RussellvilleArkansas
16
4
FMOSentenced to death and executed
2.Banks, George Emil, 40 Sep. 251982Wilkes-BarrePennsylvania
13
1
FSentenced to death
3.Ruppert, James Urban, 40* March 301975HamiltonOhio
11
0
FSentenced to eleven consecutive life terms[2]
4.Pardo, Bruce Jeffrey, 45 Dec. 242008CovinaCalifornia
9
2
F AECommitted suicide
5.Clemmens, Abel, 33* Nov. 101805ClarksburgVirginia
9
0
 MSentenced to death and executed[3]
6.Woolfolk, Thomas George, 27* Aug. 61887MaconGeorgia
9
0
 MSentenced to death and executed
Simon Cooper is suspected of having committed the murders		[4]
7.Hassell, George Jefferson, 39* Dec. 51926FarwellTexas
9
0
FMSentenced to death and executed
Killed a family of four in 1917		[5]
8.Waszak, John, 54* April 181937MuskegoWisconsin
9
0
 ESentenced to life imprisonment[6]
9.Acquin, Lorne Joe, 27 July 221977ProspectConnecticut
9
0
 MASentenced to 105 years to life[7]
10.Wesson, Marcus Delon, 57* March 122004FresnoCalifornia
9
0
FSentenced to death
11.de Capua, Tony, 42 Sep. 31927YoungstownOhio
8
3
FFound not guilty by reason of insanity[8]
12.Purrington, James, 46* July 91806AugustaMaine
8
1
 MCommitted suicide[9]
13.Heinze, Guy, 22* Aug. 292009BrunswickGeorgia
8
1
 MSentenced to life imprisonment
Also killed three cats
14.Torres, Rafael, 40* June 251969Jersey CityNew Jersey
8
1
 MArrested[10]
15.Russell, Francis Lloyd, 39* June 41925HamiltonOhio
8
0
FFound not guilty by reason of insanity[11]
16.Gonzalez, Celestino P., 36 July 91936Indiana HarborIndiana
8
0
FMCommitted suicide[12]
17.Gragg, Ralph M., 33* May 21951CollettsvilleNorth Carolina
8
0
FMACommitted suicide[13]
18.Akulonis, Peter Joseph, 39* April 151953LawrenceMassachusetts
8
0
FMCommitted suicide[14]
19.Pierce, Etheridge, 17 March 26/291992New York City
Rochester		New York
8
0
FSentenced to 75 years for three of the murders[15]
20.Speight, Christopher Bryan, 39 Jan. 17/192010AppomattoxVirginia
8
0
F ESentenced to life imprisonment
21.Conley, David Ray, 48 (suspect) Aug. 82015HoustonTexas
8
0
FArrested and charged[16]
22.Godbolt, Willie Corey, 35 (suspect) May 272017Bogue Chitto & BrookhavenMississippi
8
0
FArrested[17]
23.Salcido Bojorquez, Ramon, 28 April 141989Sonoma CountyCalifornia
7
2
FMSentenced to death[18]
24.Hildebrandt, Hannah, 35* Jan. 131896MarysvilleKansas
7
1
 PCommitted suicide[19]
25.Collett, George M., 45 Jan. 81935Mount VernonKentucky
7
1
FCommitted suicide[20]
26.Lias, Frankie, 20* Feb. 181974FayetteMississippi
7
1
FSentenced to life imprisonment[21]
27.Kirby, Judy, 31 March 252000MartinsvilleIndiana
7
1
 VSentenced to 215 years in prison[22]
28.Aldridge, Joseph Jesse, 36 Feb. 262015TyroneMissouri
7
1
FCommitted suicide
29.Kaiser, Moritz, 50* Feb. 28/
March 1		1878Monroe CountyIllinois
7
0
 MAPerished in the fire[23]
30.Reid, Nathan Dec. 251887Worth CountyGeorgia
7
0
 MACommitted suicide[24]
31.Boecker, John, 34* Sep. 261897CarroltonIowa
7
0
FCommitted suicide[25]
32.Krauss, Adolph* March 121903BellefontaineMissouri
7
0
 MCommitted suicide[26]
33.Markham, Julia* Sep. 301905CambridgeIllinois
7
0
 MACommitted suicide[27]
34.Ayer, Charles H., 43* Jan. 171906PembrokeNew Hampshire
7
0
F OCommitted suicide[28]
35.Grant, James T.* Dec. 261911BentonArkansas
7
0
 MCommitted suicide[29]
36.O'Kane, Daniel, 48* March 61916LawtonOklahoma
7
0
FMCommitted suicide[30]
37.Stravisar, Mary* July 291919KimberlyOhio
7
0
 ACommitted suicide[31]
38.Lawson, Charles Davis, 43* Dec. 251929GermantonNorth Carolina
7
0
FMCommitted suicide[32]
39.Geller, Ethel, 44* May 61930ColumbusOhio
7
0
FCommitted suicide[33]
40.Gravlin, William G., 30* Sep. 291964TroyMichigan
7
0
FMSentenced to life imprisonment[34]
41.Belcher, Harry M., 32* Jan. 251965FerndaleMichigan
7
0
 ASentenced to life imprisonment[35]
42.Hanks, Lee M., 21 July 61981SyracuseNew York
7
0
 ASentenced to 20 years to life
Killed an unborn child		[36]
43.Haggart, Robert Lee, 31* Feb. 171982FarwellMichigan
7
0
FSentenced to life imprisonment
Killed a woman in 1977		[37]
44.Lynam, Daniel Patrick, 36* July 121987TacomaWashington
7
0
FCommitted suicide[38]
45.Schnick, James Eugene, 36* Sep. 251987ElklandMissouri
7
0
FMSentenced to death[39]
46.Avanesian, Jorjik, 40* Feb. 61996GlendaleCalifornia
7
0
 ASentenced to life imprisonment[40]
47.Spirit, Don Charles, 51* Sep. 182014BellFlorida
7
0
FCommitted suicide[41]
48.Hart, Jennifer Jean, 38* March 262018WestportCalifornia
7
0
 VCommitted suicide[42]
49.Helde, Paul* July 171881Eagle Creek ValleyWisconsin
6–8
0–2
FMCommitted suicide[43]
50.Crump, Danny Eugene, 27 Sep. 201980OlatheKansas
6
3
 ESentenced to six consecutive life terms[44]
51.Dotson, Jessie L., 33 March 22008MemphisTennessee
6
3
FMSentenced to death[45]
52.Kline, Sherman, 38 Dec. 181968CarlinvilleIllinois
6
2
FCommitted suicide[46]
53.McConaughy, Robert, 31* May 301840Hill ValleyPennsylvania
6
1
FMSentenced to death and executed[47]
54.Cooper, ---, 42* June 121908CadillacMichigan
6
1
FCommitted suicide[48]
55.Schoch, Kathryn, 37* Dec. 22/231934Dunkirk
Pittsburgh		New York
Pennsylvania
6
1
F PCommitted suicide[49]
56.David, Rachel, 38* Aug. 31978Salt Lake CityUtah
6
1
 OCommitted suicide[50]
57.Bell, King Edward, 31 Aug. 211981IndianapolisIndiana
6
1
FSentenced to six consecutive 40-year terms[51]
58.Haskell, Ronald Lee, 33 (suspect) July 92014SpringTexas
6
1
FArrested and charged[52]
59.Stone, Bradley William, 35 Dec. 152014Souderton, Lansdale, & Lower Salford TownshipPennsylvania
6
1
FMCommitted suicide[53]
60.O'Neil, Edward* Sep. 111846Overton CountyTennessee
6
0
Committed suicide[54]
61.Dakin, ---* March 251871StonefortIllinois
6
0
 MCommitted suicide[55]
62.Gallegos, Jose Trujillo Feb. 171885Las NoriasNew Mexico
6
0
 MArrested[56]
63.Dunham, James C. May 261896CampbellCalifornia
6
0
FMEscaped
64.Hansen, Jens* Jan. 121896ChicagoIllinois
6
0
 PCommitted suicide[57]
65.Kloettke, Richard, 38* Feb. 51896ChicagoIllinois
6
0
FCommitted suicide[58]
66.Wurzer, Rosa, 40* Feb. 241901UniontownWashington
6
0
 MOArrested[59]
67.Naramore, Elizabeth A.* March 211901Coldbrook SpringsMassachusetts
6
0
 MFound not guilty by reason of insanity[60]
68.Westrope, Mary E. "Mollie", 38* June 151902BrandywineMississippi
6
0
F AArrested[61]
69.Stephens, Edwin, 35* May 241905San RafaelCalifornia
6
0
FCommitted suicide[62]
70.McWilliams, William S., 44* Nov. 241905LittletonIowa
6
0
 MSentenced to death[63]
71.Johnson, Ellen C., 36* Oct. 231911BraddockNorth Dakota
6
0
 APerished in the fire[64]
72.Wychopen, John, 40* April 29/301916HollandTexas
6
0
FCommitted suicide[65]
73.Klocow, Frank, 49* Sep. 3/41921OrmsbyMinnesota
6
0
FCommitted suicide[66]
74.Taylor, Guy M., 35* Feb. 11/121927UticaNew York
6
0
 MCommitted suicide[67]
75.Millis, Phillip, 37* Dec. 121927HennesseyOklahoma
6
0
 MCommitted suicide[68]
76.Pasos, Marie, 35* Feb. 151929New York CityNew York
6
0
 PCommitted suicide[69]
77.Jackson, George, 35* Oct. 251931WagenerSouth Carolina
6
0
FSentenced to death[70]
78.Albers, William A., 54* Jan. 231936DanvilleIllinois
6
0
FMCommitted suicide[71]
79.Nollen, Elsie, 30* Aug. 28/291937DenisonIowa
6
0
 PCommitted suicide[72]
80.Curtis, Lillie May, 38* March 161938CenterTexas
6
0
FSentenced to 495 years in prison[73]
81.Nicosia, Louise, 43* July 101940New York CityNew York
6
0
 PCommitted suicide[74]
82.Gibson, Esker Washington, 32* April 241941IrvingtonAlabama
6
0
 MASentenced to death and executed[75]
83.Seipel, Thomas, 31* Jan. 161942Plum CityWisconsin
6
0
FCommitted suicide[76]
84.Pulliam, Mark, 34* Nov. 21942ChatsworthGeorgia
6
0
 MASentenced to life imprisonment[77]
85.Dalrymple, Carl, 27* May 171943CrossvilleAlabama
6
0
FSentenced to life imprisonment[78]
86.Bauer, William Dilworth, 48* Jan. 281956Parsippany-Troy HillsNew Jersey
6
0
FCommitted suicide[79]
87.King, Rufus A., 33* Oct. 21956ClintonNorth Carolina
6
0
FMCommitted suicide[80]
88.Soper, Roland L., 29* March 4/51959LancasterOhio
6
0
 MPCommitted suicide[81]
89.Pitelka, Charles E., 34* May 131961LockportIllinois
6
0
 MCommitted suicide[82]
90.Bauer, Roland, 31* May 61962ZionIllinois
6
0
 MCommitted suicide[83]
91.Gregor, Elizabeth, 44* June 171963ProspectPennsylvania
6
0
FCommitted suicide[84]
92.Burgan, James D., 28 Dec. 31964DetroitMichigan
6
0
FCommitted suicide[85]
93.Sartin, Mary M., 27* Aug. 131965Bay ViewOhio
6
0
FCommitted suicide[86]
94.Suarez, Jose Antonio, 22* April1966New York CityNew York
6
0
 MNot prosecuted and set free[87]
95.Bray, Charles, 40* Dec. 191968NapaCalifornia
6
0
F ACommitted suicide[88]
96.O'Leary, George T., 46* June 8/91973BostonMassachusetts
6
0
FCommitted suicide[89]
97.DeFeo, Ronald Joseph, 23* Nov. 131974AmityvilleNew York
6
0
FSentenced to six consecutive life terms
98.Nelson, Simon Peter, 46* Jan. 71978RockfordIllinois
6
0
 MSentenced to six concurrent prison terms of 100 to 200 years
Also killed a dog		[90]
99.Gilbert, Gene, 28* Jan. 31981DelmarIowa
6
0
FCommitted suicide[91]
100.Ellis, Ronald Quitman, 34 May 21981ClintonMaryland
6
0
FSentenced to five consecutive life terms plus 10 years[92]
101.Day, James Alan, 36* Oct. 181984EvansvilleIndiana
6
0
FCommitted suicide[93]
102.Dreesman, Robert, 40* Dec. 301987AlgonaIowa
6
0
FCommitted suicide[94]
103.Forsyth, Rick Wayne, 42 June 141993NorwalkIowa
6
0
FSentenced to six consecutive life terms[95]
104.Her, Khoua, 24* Sep. 31998Saint PaulMinnesota
6
0
 MSentenced to 50 years in prison[96]
105.Pangle, Richard Vincent, 37* Sep. 42000AvaOhio
6
0
F APerished in the fire[97]
106.Soltys, Nikolay Alekseyevich, 27* Aug. 202001SacramentoCalifornia
6
0
 MCommitted suicide while awaiting trial
107.Wise, Jesse Dee, 21* April 8/92006LeolaPennsylvania
6
0
 MSentenced to life imprisonment[98]
108.Isadore, Hersel Michael, 35* Dec. 162006Kansas CityKansas
6
0
FCommitted suicide[99]
109.Lupoe, Ervin Antonio, 40* Jan. 272009Los AngelesCalifornia
6
0
FCommitted suicide[100]
110.Shaffer, Jacob Levi, 30 July 182009Fayetteville
Huntsville		Tennessee
Alabama
6
0
 MSentenced to life imprisonment[101]
111.Damas, Mesac, 33* Sep. 182009NaplesFlorida
6
0
 MSentenced to death[102]
112.Yazdanpanah, Aziz, 56* Dec. 252011GrapevineTexas
6
0
FCommitted suicide[103]
113.Mantooth, Chamberlain, 50* Oct. 131906NewportTennessee
5–7
0–2
 MCommitted suicide[104]

Abbreviations and footnotes

* – Marks cases where all the victims were relatives of the perpetrator

W – A basic description of the weapons used in the murders

F – Firearms and other ranged weapons, especially rifles and handguns, but also bows and crossbows, grenade launchers, flamethrowers, or slingshots
M – Melee weapons, like knives, swords, spears, machetes, axes, clubs, rods, rocks, or bare hands
O – Any other weapons, such as bombs, hand grenades, Molotov cocktails, poison and poisonous gas, as well as vehicle and arson attacks
A – indicates that an arson attack was the only other weapon used
V – indicates that a vehicle was the only other weapon used
E – indicates that explosives of any sort were the only other weapon used
P – indicates that an anaesthetising or deadly substance of any kind was the only other weapon used (includes poisonous gas)

References

  1. ↑ Seeger, Thorsten (ed.) School Shootings: International Research, Case Studies, and Concepts for Prevention; Springer, 2012.
  2. ↑ Killer of 11 Is Given 11 Life Sentences, The New York Times (July 15, 1975)
  3. ↑ Abel Clemmons murders family
    – News item in Local Paper 28 Nov 1805
    – Cohen, Daniel A.: Homicidal compulsion and the conditions of freedom: the social and psychological origins of familicide in America's early republic, Journal of Social History (June 22, 1995)
  4. ↑ Nine persons murdered, The New York Times (August 7, 1887)
    – Claims he is innocent, The New York Times (August 8, 1887)
    – Perhaps not guilty, The New York Times (September 20, 188)
    – Tom Woolfolk's father's property, The New York Times (February 12, 1888)
    – Tom Woolfolk hanged, The New York Times (October 30, 1890)
  5. ↑ Slayer of nine adds 4 to his gruesome list, Prescott Evening Courier (February 1, 1927)
  6. ↑ Blast killed 7 on farm, The New York Times (April 19, 1937)
    – Eight killed in terrific explosion, The Ludington Daily News (April 19, 1937)
    – Nine killed by dynamite blast, The Bend Bulletin (April 19, 1937)
    – Farmer confesses dynamiting family, Spokane Daily Chronicle (May 31, 1937)
    – Father admits blast murder of 9 in family, Chicago Daily Tribune (June 1, 1937)
    – Waukesha blast killer may hear his fate today, Chicago Daily Tribune (June 2, 1937)
    – Waszak taken to Waupun for life, Oshkosh Daily Northwestern (June 15, 1937)
  7. ↑ Man held in fiery deaths, The Prescott Courier (July 24, 1977)
    – Will Acquin go free?, The Evening Independent (July 26, 1977)
    – Slain family is buried, St. Petersburg Times (July 28, 1977)
  8. ↑ Kills seven persons, wounds four others, The New York Times (September 4, 1927)
    – Youngstown fight toll reaches eight, Los Angeles Times (September 7, 1927)
    – 7 killed in family row, St. Petersburg Times (September 4, 1927) (p.1)
    – Ninth victim of crazy man dies Tuesday, The Coshocton Tribune (September 7, 1927)
    – Killed eight: found insane, Reno Evening Gazette (September 22, 1927)
    – Man kills eight, is shot by cops, Youngstown Vindicator (September 6, 1927)
    – Mrs. de Capua is improving, Youngstown Vindicator (September 7, 1927)
    – De Capua taken to county jail, Youngstown Vindicator (September 17, 1927)
  9. ↑ The Purrington Massacre
    – The Purrinton Murders
    – Maine Library Commission: Maine library bulletin Vol. 1–6; Augusta, Maine, 1911.
  10. ↑ A Murder Suspect Accused of Slaying Eight in His Family, The New York Times (June 26, 1969)
    – Father jailed after slaying of 8 in family, Spokane Daily Chronicle (June 25, 1969)
    – 8 stabbed to death in Jersey City, St. Joseph News-Press (June 25, 1969)
    – Merchant kills wife, seven children in Jersey carnage, The Bryan Times (June 25, 1969)
  11. ↑ Heat-crazed man kills 8 of family, The New York Times (June 5, 1925)
    – Charged with killing 8, The New York Times (June 14, 1925)
    – Crazed man in frenzy kills 8 in family, Prescott Evening Courier (June 4, 1925)
    – Eight relatives are killed by crazed man, Hamilton Evening Journal (June 4, 1925)
    – Hearing Friday to test sanity of Russell, slayer of eight, Hamilton Evening Journal (June 16, 1925)
    – Russell held insane, The Hamilton Daily News (June 19, 1925)
  12. ↑ Man Kills Wife, Six Children, Roomer, Self, The Washington Post (July 10, 1936)
    – Commits suicide after killing eight with ax, Oswego Palladium-Times (July 10, 1936) (pdf-file)
    – Family slaughtered, Spokane Daily Chronicle (July 16, 1936)
    – Uses axe to kill family, The Tipton Tribune (July 10, 1936)
  13. ↑ Unemployed worker kills eight children, Eugene Register-Guard (May 3, 1951)
    – Father kills eight children and self, Toledo Blade (May 3, 1951)
    – Father slays eight children in their beds, St. Petersburg Times (May 4, 1951)
  14. ↑ Man Kills 7 in His Family, Then Ends Life With Shot, The New York Times (April 16, 1953)
    – Ninth victim discovered; Body of Killer's Son Is Found Nine Miles From Home, The New York Times (April 17, 1953)
    – Kill-crazy man murders seven, Spokane Daily Chronicle (April 16, 1953)
    – Berserk tinsmith slays 7, kills self, Toledo Blade (April 16, 1953)
  15. ↑ Youth Sought In 5 Slayings Is Arrested, The New York Times (April 1, 1992)
    – Slaying Suspect Adrift in World of Violence, The New York Times (April 2, 1992)
    – Conviction in Killing of 5, The New York Times (December 14, 1993)
  16. ↑ 8 people found dead in home after standoff; suspect arrested, USA Today (August 9, 2015)
    – Texas police: 5 children, 3 adults found slain inside home, Yahoo! News (August 9, 2015)
  17. ↑
  18. ↑ Five People Killed in California Shootings, The New York Times (April 15, 1989)
  19. ↑ Woman kills her seven children, Chicago Daily Tribune (January 15, 1896)
    – Eight children poisoned, The Hartford Courant (January 15, 1896)
    – Seven dead children, Los Angeles Times (January 15, 1896)
    – Poisoned her children, The St. Joseph Weekly Gazette (January 17, 1896)
    – Told the awful story, The St. Joseph Weekly Gazette (February 7, 1896)
  20. ↑ Six are slain by Kentucky man, Chicago Daily Tribune (January 10, 1935)
    – Killer Slays Seven Then Commits Suicide, The La Crosse Tribune And Leader-Press (January 9, 1935)
    – Kills 7, self, The Southeast Missourian (January 9, 1935)
    – Kills 6 in family feud, The New York Times (January 10, 1935)
    – Crazed gunman kills six and ends his life, St. Petersburg Times (January 10, 1935)
    – Search for body under way today, The Kingsport Times (January 11, 1935)
  21. ↑ 7 relatives slain by man citing Lord, The New York Times (February 19, 1974)
    – Miss. man kills wife, six other relatives, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (February 19, 1974)
    – Mississippi man says god told him to slay 7, Bangor Daily News (February 19, 1974)
    – 'Voice' Led to Murder of 7, Suspect Says, Los Angeles Times (February 19, 1974)
  22. ↑ Wrong-way crash kills 7 Hoosiers, The Rochester Sentinel (March 27, 2000)
    – Wrong-way driver causes fatal crash, The Madison Courier (March 27, 2000)
    – Driver blames seven deaths on postpartum depression, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel (May 10, 2000)
    – Wrong-way driver sentenced to 215 years, The Madison Courier (June 14, 2001)
    – Wrong-way driver convicted of murder, The Indianapolis Star
  23. ↑ A terrible scene – A large family murdered by the father and husband, The Helena Independent (March 5, 1878)
    – American summary, The Evening Post (April 10, 1878)
    – Latest news, The Sydney Mail (April 13, 1878)
  24. ↑ An awful tragedy, Sacramento Daily Union (December 28, 1887)
    – Horrible crime in Georgia, Logansport Pharos (December 28, 1887)
    – Seven murders and a suicide, Newark Daily Advocate (December 29, 1887)
  25. ↑ Iowa farmer's awful act, The New York Times (September 28, 1897)
    – Murdered his family, Deseret News (September 28, 1897)
    – News of the week, The Saturday Budget (October 2, 1897)
    – Farmer kills his family, The Chipley Banner (October 9, 1897)
  26. ↑ Insane Farmer, St. John Daily Sun (March 13, 1903)
    – Kills seven with sledge, Chicago Daily Tribune (March 13, 1903)
  27. ↑ Family of nine is wiped out in day, Chicago Daily Tribune (October 1, 1905)
    – Killed Her Seven Children, The New York Times (October 1, 1905)
  28. ↑ Seven perhaps murdered, The New York Times (January 18, 1906)
    – Farmer kills family of 7?, The Hartford Courant (January 18, 1906)
    – Lying side by side in silence of death – Are murderer C. H. Ayer and his seven victims, Daily Kennebec Journal (January 19, 1906)
    – Killed seven; burned bodies; slayer suicides, The Racine Journal (January 19, 1906)
    – Murders done by sane man, Boston Daily Globe (January 19, 1906)
    – Horrible crime at Pembroke, N.H. – Farmer killed wife, mother-in-law and five children, The Lowell Sun (January 18, 1906)
  29. ↑ Kills family of seven and ends his own life, The Hartford Courant (December 28, 1911)
    – Horrible deed of despondent man, Dubuque Telegraph-Herlad (December 28, 1911)
    – Kills six children, wife and himself, The Evening Statesman (December 28, 1911)
    – Kills seven then hangs himself, The Galveston Daily News (December 28, 1911)
  30. ↑ Family of seven slain, The New York Times (March 7, 1916)
    – Farmer kills family, then takes own life, Logansport Journal-Tribune (March 7, 1916)
    – Eight bodies are buried together, The Daily Bulletin (March 8, 1916)
  31. ↑ Kills seven babes; then takes own life, The Pittsburgh Press (July 30, 1919)
    – Desperation leads woman to tragedy, The Anniston Star (July 30, 1919)
    – Woman destroys herself and her seven children, Altoona Mirror (July 30, 1919)
    – Distracted by poverty, mother destroys herself and her 7 children, Bridgeport Standard Telegram (July 30, 1919)
    – Bodies of mother and 7 children found in home, The Galveston Daily News (July 30, 1919)
  32. ↑ Crazy farmer kills wife, 6 children, The New York Times (December 26, 1929)
  33. ↑ Kills seven children, then shoots herself, The New York Times (May 7, 1930)
    – Faced by poverty, mother sends bullets into hearts of seven of her children, The Evening Independent (May 7, 1930)
    – Ohio mother kills 7 children in bed, The Sandusky Register (May 7, 1930)
    – Mother who killed seven children dies, Chicago Daily Tribune (May 17, 1930)
  34. ↑ Wife, children slain; 7 notes say "I'm sorry", Chicago Tribune (September 30, 1964)
    – Spouse admits slaying wife, six children, Rome News-Tribune (September 30, 1964)
    – Slayer, Ocala Star-Banner (October 1, 1964)
    – Gravlin is committed, The News-Palladium (January 15, 1965)
    – Dad faces trial in ax slaying of seven, The News-Palladium (January 17, 1968)
    – Life term for killer of seven, The News-Palladium (April 13, 1968)
  35. ↑ Mother, 6 children die in house fire, Lewiston Morning Tribune (January 26, 1965)
    – Husband charged in family's death, The News and Courier (February 5, 1965)
    – Murder charged in fire, The Spokesman-Review (February 5, 1965)
    – Life term mandatory, Reading Eagle (April 10, 1965)
    – Convicted in fire deaths of wife and six children, St. Joseph News-Press (April 11, 1965)
  36. ↑ Fire kills seven; man, 21, is held in arson-murder, The New York Times (July 7, 1981)
    – Murder counts filed in Syracuse arson, Schenectady Gazette (July 7, 1981)
    – 7 die in suspected arson of house, The Palm Beach Post (July 7, 1981)
    – Fire was set, Bangor Daily News (July 8, 1981)
    – Murder suspects, Jet (July 23, 1981)
    – Ruling awaited on confession, Syracuse Herald-Journal (October 1, 1981)
    – Hanks admits setting blaze that killed 7, The Post-Standard (October 24, 1981)
  37. ↑ Seven members of family found slain in farmhouse, Spokane Chronicle (February 17, 1982)
    – 7 in family are found slain, The Free Lance–Star (February 17, 1982)
    – Borrowed gun ends up in Midland County court, The Owosso Argus-Press (September 28, 1982)
    – Michigan Man Is Guilty Of Killing 7 in Family, The New York Times (October 9, 1982)
    – Farwell mass killer struck five years earlier, The Morning Sun (July 23, 2009)
    – Police say infamous Farwell killer, Robert Lee Haggart, strangled and raped Midland woman in 1977, mlive.com (July 24, 2009)
  38. ↑ Man Kills Seven Relatives and Self, The Washington Post (July 13, 1987)
    – Troubled multiple killer kept to himself, couldn't hold job, The Spokesman-Review (July 14, 1987)
  39. ↑ In 7 Deaths, Town Knew What Experts Didn't, The New York Times (October 7, 1987)
    – Murder twist; a survivor held, a victim cleared, The New York Times (October 11, 1987)
    – Death Sentence in Missouri, The New York Times (May 25, 1988)
    – Auguries Of Innocence, Time (October 19, 1987)
    – Shooting spree by 14-year-old leaves tiny Ozarks town in shock, The Free Lance–Star (September 26, 1987)
  40. ↑ Man Arrested in Glendale Fire That Killed 7 in Family, Los Angeles Times (February 7, 1996)
    – Man Gets Life in Prison for Killing Wife, 6 Children, Los Angeles Times (January 7, 2000)
    – Arson Suspect Hid Iran Jail Record, Officials Say, Los Angeles Times (February 9, 1996)
    – Avanesian Told INS of Persecution, Los Angeles Times (February 10, 1996)
  41. ↑ Man kills daughter, 6 grandchildren in North Florida murder-suicide, WKMG-TV (September 18, 2014)
    – Sheriff: Grandfather Killed Grandchildren, Daughter, Himself, CBS News (September 18, 2014)
    – Bell Shooting: Man Kills Daughter, Six Grandchildren, Commits Suicide In Florida, Huffington Post (September 18, 2014)
    – Florida man kills his daughter and her six children, BBC News (September 19, 2014)
  42. ↑ Authorities Believe Plunge of Hart Family’s SUV Off California Cliff Was Intentional, Willamette Week (April 1, 2018)
    – Hart family deadly crash: a timeline, The Oregonian
    – Hart Family, Before Driving Off Cliff, Hid Dark Home Life From View, New York Times (April 27, 2018)
    – SUV carrying family appears to have been intentionally driven off California cliff, police say, Washington Post (April 2, 2018)
  43. ↑ A maniac's massacre, Chicago Daily Tribune (July 19, 1881)
    – Bloody deeds of an insane man, The New York Times (July 19, 1881)
    – A neighbor's account of a maniac murder of his wife and seven children, The New York Times (July 22, 1881)
    – Frightful crime of a crazy Swiss, Hartford Daily Courant (July 19, 1881)
  44. ↑ 6 die in blast in Olathe home, Lawrence Journal-World (September 21, 1980)
    – Ex-husband charged in blast that killed 6, Spokane Daily Chronicle (September 22, 1980)
    – Olathe man charged with 6 murder counts, Lawrence Journal-World (September 23, 1980)
    – Man charged in bombing, Daytona Beach Morning Journal (September 23, 1980)
    – Olathe dynamite slayings trial to go to jury, The Fort Scott Tribune (April 17, 1981)
    – Dynamite bomb killed six in home – Family speaks against parole, Lawrence Journal-World (July 25, 1995)
  45. ↑ Man accused in Lester Street murders appears in court, WNC-TV (March 10, 2008)
    – Brother charged with killing 6 in Tenn., USA Today (March 8, 2008)
    – Brother of Victim Is Charged in Deadly Memphis Shootings, The New York Times (March 9, 2008)
    – Death sentence for Memphis man who killed 6, The Associated Press (October 12, 2010)
  46. ↑ Man kills himself after shooting 8, The New York Times (December 19, 1968)
    – Father kills four at children's party, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (December 19, 1968)
    – Father of 10 kills wife, 3 others, Eugene Register-Guard (December 19, 1968)
    – Girl, 8, dies, 6th victim of shooting spree, The Milwaukee Sentinel (December 21, 1968)
    – Carlinville Victim Dies, Edwardsville Intelligencer (February 13, 1969)
  47. ↑ The Brown Murders: The Crime of the Century Archived 2012-03-03 at the Wayback Machine.
    – Trial, confession and execution of Robert M'Conaghy, for the murder of Mrs. Brown and her five children; (1841)
  48. ↑ Insane mother kills seven, The New York Times (June 14, 1908)
    – Mother slays six, The Fredericksburg Daily Star (June 15, 1908)
    – The Cadillac Tragedy, Marshall Expounder (July 10, 1908)
  49. ↑ Kills 6 and self in grief for son, The New York Times (December 24, 1934)
    – Grief-crazed mother slays five of family, Ludington Daily News (December 24, 1934)
    – Nurse kills 5 in one famiiy, The Pittsburgh Press (December 24, 1934)
    – Crazed nurse's victims buried, The Pittsburgh Press (December 26, 1934)
    – 'Why let me live?' mother wounded by crazed nurse asks, The Pittsburgh Press (December 28, 1934)
    – Seven members of one family killed by Mrs. Kathryn Schoch of Dunkirk, Dunkirk Evening Observer (December 24, 1934)
  50. ↑ Story of bizarre family life unfolds after multiple deaths, The Evening Independent (August 4, 1978)
    – Seven dead in bizarre incident, The Free Lance–Star (August 4, 1978)
    – Flowers, R. Barri & Flowers, H. Loraine: Murders In The United States – Crimes, Killers And Victims Of The Twentieth Century; McFarland & Company, Jefferson, North Carolina, United States (2004). ISBN 978-0-7864-2075-9
  51. ↑ Four youths, mother, grandmother killed; father arrested, The Ledger (August 22, 1981)
    – Accused killer of six says he wants to die, Eugene Register-Guard (August 23, 1981)
    – Accused killer tries to kill himself, Eugene Register-Guard (October 4, 1981)
  52. ↑ Suspected gunman in suburban Houston standoff after 6 shot dead, 1 wounded in Harris County, Texas, New York Daily News (July 9, 2014)
    – Shooting Near Houston, Texas Leaves At Least 6 Dead: Report, Huffington Post (July 9, 2014)
    – TENSE STANDOFF ENDS FOLLOWING GRISLY SCENE IN N. HARRIS CO., ABC News (July 9, 2014)
  53. ↑ "Accused of Killing 6, Former Marine Bradley Stone Remains at Large". nbcphiladelphia.com. December 16, 2014. Retrieved December 16, 2014.
  54. ↑ Horrible, The Long-Islander (October 16, 1846)
    – Dickinson, S. N.: The Boston Almanac for the Year 1847; Boston, 1847. (p. 43)
    – Horton, John Theodore, et al.: History of northwestern New York – Erie, Niagara, Wyoming, Genesee and Orleans Counties, Vol. 1; Lewis Historical Pub. Co., 1947. (p. 127)
  55. ↑ Murder and Suicide in Illinois – A Man Dispatches His Entire Family, Including Himself, The New York Times (April 5, 1871)
    – A Seven-Fold Crime, The New York Times (April 10, 1871)
  56. ↑ A Mexican style of revenge, The New York Times (February 21, 1885)
    – Six persons killed by maniac, The New York Times (February 23, 1885)
    – Murder, Weekly New Mexican Review And Live Stock Journal (February 26, 1885)
    – The Far West, Chicago Daily Tribune (February 27, 1885)
  57. ↑ At end of his rope, Chicago Daily Tribune (January 14, 1896)
    – Hansen said to be a swindler, Chicago Daily Tribune (January 14, 1896)
    – Verdict in Hansen case, Chicago Daily Tribune (January 17, 1896)
    – Sale of Hansen relics, Chicago Daily Tribune (January 19, 1896)
  58. ↑ Entire Family Murdered, The Hartford Courant (February 6, 1896)
    – Took the lives of seven persons, The New York Times (February 6, 1896)
    – Miscellaneous, Tuapeka Times (April 22, 1897)
  59. ↑ Kills her six children, The New York Times (February 25, 1901)
    – A crazed mother criminal, Deseret News (February 26, 1901)
  60. ↑ Killed her six children, The New York Times (March 22, 1901)
    – A New England Tragedy, Chicago Daily Tribune (April 19, 1901)
    – While mad woman slays six children, The Milwaukee Journal (March 22, 1901)
  61. ↑ Kills six children, Los Angeles Times (June 17, 1902)
    – Mother kills six children, Chicago Daily Tribune (June 17, 1902)
    – Mother kills six children and then attempts suicide, The Evening Tribune (June 17, 1902)
    – Mary E. "Mollie" McFatter Westrope, Find A Grave
  62. ↑ Insane shots end family, Los Angeles Times (May 25, 1905)
    – Maniac slays whole family, Los Angeles Herald (May 25, 1905)
  63. ↑ McWilliams is cast down, Waterloo Semi Weekly Courier (March 6, 1906)
    – McWilliams will not hang, Waterloo Semi Weekly Courier (October 23, 1906)
    – Bills presented for expense of McWilliams trial, Waterloo Semi Weekly Courier (January 4, 1906)
    – McWilliams held insane, Waterloo Daily Courier (November 27, 1906)
    – McWilliams has confessed, Waterloo Semi Weekly Courier (December 5, 1905)
    – Murders Wife and five children, Waterloo Times-Tribune (November 25, 1905)
    – Know M'Willams, Waterloo Daily Reporter (November 25, 1905)
    – Once had a church trial, Waterloo Semi Weekly Courier (November 28, 1905)
  64. ↑ Dies with her six children, The New York Times (October 24, 1911)
    – Seven burn in home, Boston Daily Globe (October 24, 1911)
    – Burns her brood of six, The Baltimore Sun (October 24, 1911)
  65. ↑ Family slain, The Durant Weekly News (May 5, 1916)
    – Kills six; shoots self, El Paso Herald (May 1, 1916)
    – Bloody scene enacted when six of one family are killed, Galveston Daily News (May 1, 1916)
    – Farmer slew his wife and five children following quarrel, The Victoria Daily Advocate (May 2, 1916)
    – Wychopen is dead, The San Antonio Light (May 3, 1916)
  66. ↑ Family of seven shot dead in home, The New York Times (September 6, 1921)
    – Ormsby banker kills family, Estherville Democrat (September 7, 1921)
    – Frank Klocow kills himself and family, Hardin County Citizen (September 9, 1921)
    – New horrors in Klocow tragedy, The Graettinger Times (September 29, 1921)
  67. ↑ Seven found slain in Utica tenement, The New York Times (February 19, 1927)
    – Father slays entire family, St. Petersburg Times (February 19, 1927)
    – Idle, man becomes frenzied, The Syracuse Herald (February 19, 1927)
    – Invention a failure, Utica man slays 6 in family and self, The Syracuse Herald (February 20, 1927)
  68. ↑ Kills 5 children and wife with ax, then hangs self, Chicago Daily Tribune (December 14, 1927)
    – Father Kills Whole Family Then Himself, The Hartford Courant (December 14, 1927)
    – Slays seven of his family – Kills self and wife, children, The Evening State Journal And Lincoln Daily News (December 13, 1927)
  69. ↑ Kills 6 children and herself by gas, The New York Times (February 16, 1929)
  70. ↑ Calls at home of six members of his family and kills all, Chicago Daily Tribune (October 26, 1931)
    – Miscellany, Time (August 1, 1932)
    – Arrest of man who killed six relieves anxiety of others who feared attack, The Evening Independent (October 26, 1931)
    – Murders six of kin, flees, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (October 26, 1931)
  71. ↑ Father kills six, end life on farm, The New York Times (January 24, 1936)
    – Find family of six slain in flaming building, The Milwaukee Journal (January 23, 1936)
  72. ↑ Mother kills 6 children, self with auto gas, Chicago Daily Tribune (August 30, 1937)
    – Woman ends life of her six children, The Sheboygan Press (August 30, 1937)
    – Mother and six children found killed by fumes, Galveston Daily News (August 30, 1937)
  73. ↑ Mother slays six children, The Milwaukee Journal (March 17, 1938)
    – Slayer of husband kills six children, The New York Times (March 18, 1938)
    – Gets 495 Years for Killing Six, The New York Times (April 7, 1938)
  74. ↑ Demented mother kills 6 children, The New York Times (July 11, 1940)
    – Woman who killed 6 dies, The New York Times (July 15, 1940)
    – Woman kills six children trying to take own life, The Evening Independent (July 11, 1940)
    – A funeral of six children, St. Petersburg Times (July 17, 1940)
  75. ↑ Mother and five children burned, The Evening Independent (April 25, 1941)
    – Alabaman admits he killed six, St. Petersburg Times (April 30, 1941)
    – Jobless Carpenter Admits Killing Six, Los Angeles Times (April 30, 1941)
    – Slayer of six given sentence of death, The Anniston Star (June 20, 1941)
    – Torch slayer of family dies in Alabama's chair, The Evening Independent (March 13, 1942)
  76. ↑ Eleven slain, St. Petersburg Times (January 17, 1942)
    – 11 in 2 families slain in Wisconsin county, The New York Times (January 17, 1942)
    – New Pierce Co. Mass Slaying – Shoots wife, 5 children and self to death, Wisconsin Rapids Daily Tribune (January 17, 1942)
    – Youth faces murder charge for deaths of 4, The Racine Journal-Times (January 19, 1942)
  77. ↑ Mother, 5 children dead; father held, The Palm Beach Post (November 3, 1942)
    – Mother and five children die as home burns, St. Petersburg times (November 3, 1942)
    – Georgian held for murder, The Tuscaloosa News (November 4, 1942)
    – Bones of six found in ashes of home, The Chatsworth Times (November 5, 1942)
    – Pulliam given life sentence, The Chatsworth Times (February 11, 1943)
    – When justice triumphed, The Sunday News (January 4, 1948)
  78. ↑ Wife, five children slain in Alabama, Reading Eagle (May 18, 1943)
    – Slays mate, tots, then shoots self, Saskatoon Star-Phoenix (May 18, 1943)
    – Accused of slaying wife and 5 children, The Telegraph-Herald (May 18, 1943)
    – Alleged slayer goes on trial, St. Petersburg Times (November 9, 1943)
    – Auto mechanic's trial underway, The Tuscaloosa News (November 9, 1943)
    – Dalrymple given life sentence, The Tuscaloosa News (November 11, 1943)
  79. ↑ Berserk father kills 6 and self, The New York Times (January 29, 1956)
    – Joint funeral set in family tragedy, The New York Times (January 30, 1956)
    – 7 in family shot to death in New Jersey, The Victoria Advocate (January 29, 1956)
  80. ↑ Farm father kills 6 children, self, The New York Times (October 3, 1956)
    – Berserk dad kills 6 children, self, The Milwaukee Sentinel (October 3, 1956)
    – Berserk slayer of six children had beaten wife, Ocala Star-Banner (October 3, 1956)
    – Farmer kills six children, self, Ocala Star-Banner (October 4, 1956)
    – Sharecropper kills six children, self, St. Petersburg Times (October 3, 1956)
  81. ↑ Family Of Seven Killed In "Mass Murder, Suicide", The Lima News (March 8, 1959)
    – Woman discovers six murders and a suicide, Rome News-Tribune (March 8, 1959)
    – Bodies of seven found on farm, The Bend Bulletin (March 7, 1959)
    – Man kills six, takes own life, Spokane Daily Chronicle (March 7, 1959)
  82. ↑ Six in family die – Man Kills Wife, 4 of Their 5 Children and Himself, The New York Times (May 14, 1961)
    – Find 6 dead – Husband leaves suicide note, Chicago Daily Tribune (May 14, 1961)
    – Link father's "troubles" to deaths of 7, Chicago Daily Tribune (May 15, 1961)
    – Hold services for parents, 5 slain children, Chicago Daily Tribune (May 18, 1961)
  83. ↑ Father slays six, then kills himself, The New York Times (May 7, 1962)
    – 7 in family found slain, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (May 7, 1962)
    – Ex mental patient slays his wife, 5 children, kills self, Ocala Star-Banner (May 7, 1962)
  84. ↑ Butler County Woman Kills 6 in Family, Self, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (June 18, 1963)
    – "Nice Person" kills her 5 children, husband and self, The Evening Independent (June 18, 1963)
  85. ↑ 'Nice guy' runs amok – Seven die, The Windsor Star (December 4, 1964)
    – Man slays six, self, Reading Eagle (December 4, 1964)
    – Father shoots, kills wife, 4 children, woman, self in Detroit shooting spree, Schenectady Gazette (December 4, 1964)
    – Father Kills 4 Children, Self, Wife, The Hartford Courant (December 4, 1964)
  86. ↑ Woman uses gun to end marital troubles, The Portsmouth Times (August 14, 1965)
    – Mother kills husband, all five children, The Milwaukee Journal (August 14, 1965)
    – Mother shoots family, then herself, Williamson Daily News (August 16, 1965)
    – Family shot dead, The Sydney Morning Herald (August 15, 1965)
  87. ↑ Suspect in slayings to get mental test, The New York Times (April 29, 1966)
    – Wife, 5 children killed, ex-mental patient held, Schenectady Gazette (April 29, 1966)
    – Admitted slayer freed on high court ruling, The Owosso Argus-Press (February 21, 1967)
    – Confessed killer of 6 set free, The Pittsburgh Press (February 21, 1967)
    – Confessed slayer freed, Spokane Daily Chronicle (February 21, 1967)
  88. ↑ Berserk man kills 6 of his 7 children, The New York Times (December 20, 1968)
    – Father sued for divorce kills 6 kids, Eugene Register-Guard (December 19, 1968)
  89. ↑ Security Guard Kills Self After Slaying Wife, 5 of 6 Children, Los Angeles Times (June 11, 1973)
    – Kills wife, 5 children before taking own life, Ludington Daily News (June 11, 1973)
    – Father kills wife, children, himself, Rome News-Tribune (June 11, 1973)
    – Guard kills wife, 5 children, self, Daily News (June 12, 1973)
  90. ↑ Mass murder rocks neighborhood, Rome News-Tribune (January 9, 1978)
    – 6 children slain, father charged, Ocala Star-Banner (January 8, 1978)
    – Killer of Six Children Sentenced, The New York Times (June 14, 1978)
  91. ↑ Five children, both parents bullet victims, Eugene Register-Guard (January 5, 1981)
    – Same gun used in suicide, family deaths, The Free Lance–Star (January 7, 1981)
  92. ↑ Suspect in Six Slayings Surrenders After Manhunt, The New York Times (May 12, 1981)
    – Collector of guns sought in slayings, The New York Times (May 4, 1981)
    – Man gets life terms for family murders, Sunday Star-News (November 13, 1981)
  93. ↑ Father Kills 6 Children And Himself, Police Say, The New York Times (October 19, 1984)
    – Father kills 6 children, himself, The Prescott Courier (October 19, 1984)
    – Father who killed 6 children, self had shot at wife months before, Ocala Star-Banner (October 19, 1984)
    – Wife protected killer in an earlier dispute, Deseret News (October 19, 1984)
  94. ↑ 7 family members shot dead in Iowa, The Victoria Advocate (December 31, 1987)
    – Algona, Iowa – A Time to Kill, And a Time to Heal, Time (April 8, 1991)
  95. ↑ Six killed, one critical in apparent domestic feud, The Bryan Times (June 15, 1993)
    – Bodies of six found at house, Ocala Star-Banner (June 15, 1993)
    – Sentence given for 6 deaths, Chicago Tribune (June 1, 1994)
  96. ↑ Woman kills children, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (September 5, 1998)
    – Killing of 6 kids stuns community, The Ledger (September 5, 1998)
    – Woman Pleads Guilty To Killing 6 Children, The New York Times (December 1, 1998)
    – Mother Gets 50 Years For Killing 6 Children, The New York Times (January 9, 1999)
  97. ↑ Tears, sorrow fill victims' school, Toledo Blade (September 6, 2000)
    – Sherriff says father shot kin, died in fire he set, Toledo Blade (September 12, 2000)
    – Family deaths, fire under investigation, Eugene Register-Guard (September 5, 2000)
    – 7 die in murder-suicide, Orlando Sentinel (September 5, 2000)
  98. ↑ Pennsylvania Man Accused of Murdering 6 Relatives, The New York Times (April 14, 2006)
    – Pennsylvania: Life in Prison for Man Who Killed His Relatives, The New York Times (June 16, 2007)
  99. ↑ Missouri Gunman Who Killed 5 Was Depressed for Weeks, Police Say, Fox News (December 17, 2006)
    – Death of 11-year-old brings toll to 7, The Kansas City Star (December 17, 2006)
    – Fourth Child Dies in Kansas City Shooting Archived 2011-09-29 at the Wayback Machine., KAKE (December 17, 2006)
  100. ↑ Man kills wife, five kids, himself after being fired, CNN (January 27, 2008)
    – Unemployed California Dad Who Killed Family, Himself Said Hospital Incited Tragedy, Fox News (January 28, 2009)
  101. ↑ Agents: Wife main target, last to die in rampage, Associated Press (July 21, 2009)
    – Police Charge Man With Six Murders in Two-State Killing Spree, Fox News (July 19, 2009)
    – Police say Tennessee rampage started in Alabama, San Francisco Chronicle (July 21, 2009)
  102. ↑ Florida Mom Slain With Her 5 Children Endured Abuse, The New York Times (September 21, 2009)
    – Fla. Man Charged in Slayings of Wife, 5 Kids, The New York Times (September 22, 2009)
    – Florida Dad Accused of Killing Family Says 'Bad Spirits' Made Him Do It, Fox News (October 13, 2009)
  103. ↑ Apparent murder-suicide leaves 7 dead in Grapevine, Star-Telegram (December 25, 2011)
    – 7 people shot dead in Texas home, motive unclear, San Francisco Gate (December 26, 2011)
    – Texas shooting: Gunman 'dressed as Santa' killed family, BBC News (December 26, 2011)
    – Estranged Husband Dressed As Santa Blamed For Christmas Day Massacre, ABC News (December 27, 2011)
    – Dad's "weird" text message referred to death in Grapevine, recipient says, Star-Telegram (December 27, 2011)
  104. ↑ My Maternal Families
    Farmer destroys family, The New York Times (October 14, 1906)
    – Wipes out entire family, Eau Claire Sunday Leader (October 14, 1906)
    – An insane farmer wipes out family, The Fort Wayne Sentinel (October 13, 1906)
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