List of birds of South America

This is a list of the bird species recorded in South America. South America is the "Bird Continent": It boasts 3402 species, more than any other. (Much larger Eurasia is second with 3232.) Colombia's list alone numbers almost 1850 confirmed species, and Brazil's more than 1800. Of the continent's species, 2456 are endemic, significantly more than Eurasia's 2018. Nine entire families, containing 21 species, are endemic to the continent.[1][2]

Of the 2456 endemic species, 234 are found only in Brazil and 316 are only in one of 12 other countries and territories. Thirteen of the 3394 total species have been introduced to South America. In addition, 76 of the species are vagrants to the continent, with only a few records, and some have made only a single appearance. Twenty-six species have been recorded in all 18 countries and territories addressed here.[3]

The list includes birds confirmed in mainland South America, islands within 1200 km of its Atlantic and Pacific coasts, and the Caribbean countries and territories of Aruba, Bonaire, Curaçao, and Trinidad and Tobago. Major offshore entities include the Falkland Islands (Islas las Malvinas), the Galápagos Islands, and the Juan Fernandez Islands. Waters within 200 nautical miles of these lands are also included.[1]

Unless otherwise noted, the list of species is that of the South American Classification Committee (SACC) of the American Ornithological Society (AOS). The list's taxonomomy (names and sequence of orders, families, and species) is also that of the SACC unless noted otherwise. The list does not include domestic birds or escaped and introduced species which do not have established populations. It also does not include the results of species splits which have been accepted by the SACC but not finalized.[1]

The following tags annotate many species:

  • (E-SA) - Endemic to South America and present in more than one country (1906 species)
  • (E-AR) - Endemic to Argentina (16 species)
  • (E-BO) - Endemic to Bolivia (15 species)
  • (E-BR) - Endemic to Brazil (234 species)
  • (E-CH) - Endemic to Chile (12 species)
  • (E-CO) - Endemic to Colombia (80 species)
  • (E-EC) - Endemic to mainland Ecuador (6 species)
  • (E-GA) - Endemic to the Galápagos Islands of Ecuador (30 species)
  • (E-FA) - Endemic to the Falkland Islands (2 species)
  • (E-FG) - Endemic to French Guiana (1 species)
  • (E-PE) - Endemic to Peru (106 species)
  • (E-SU) - Endemic to Suriname (1 species)
  • (E-TT) - Endemic to Trinidad and Tobago (2 species)
  • (E-VE) - Endemic to Venezuela (45 species)
  • (V) - Vagrant to South America or the islands included in this list
  • (I) - Introduced to South America and established there
  • (All) - Recorded in all 18 countries and territories


Rheas

Order: Rheiiformes   Family: Rheidae

Tinamous

Order: Tinamiformes   Family: Tinamidae

Screamers

Order: Anseriformes   Family: Anhimidae

Ducks, geese, and waterfowl

Order: Anseriformes   Family: Anatidae

Guans, chachalacas, and curassows

Order: Galliformes   Family: Cracidae

New World quail

Order: Galliformes   Family: Odontophoridae

Pheasants

Order: Galliformes   Family: Phasianidae

Flamingos

Order: Phoenicopteriformes   Family: Phoenicopteridae

Grebes

Order: Podicipediformes   Family: Podicipedidae

Pigeons and doves

Order: Columbiformes   Family: Columbidae

Cuckoos and anis

Order: Cuculiformes   Family: Cuculidae

Oilbird

Order: Steatornithiformes   Family: Steatornithidae

Potoos

Order: Nyctibiiformes   Family: Nyctibiidae

Nightjars and allies

Order: Caprimulgiformes   Family: Caprimulgidae

Swifts

Order: Apodiformes   Family: Apodidae

Hummingbirds

Order: Apodiformes   Family: Trochilidae

Hoatzin

Order: Opisthocomiformes   Family: Opisthocomidae

  • Hoatzin, Opisthocomus hoazin (E-SA)

Limpkin

Order: Gruiformes   Family: Aramidae

Trumpeters

Order: Gruiformes   Family: Psophiidae

Rails, gallinules, and coots

Order: Gruiformes   Family: Rallidae

Finfoots

Order: Gruiformes   Family: Heliornithidae

Plovers and lapwings

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Charadriidae

Oystercatchers

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Haematopodidae

Stilts and avocets

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Recurvirostridae

Thick-knees

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Burhinidae

Sheathbills

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Chionidae

Magellanic plover

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Pluvianellidae

Sandpipers and allies

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Scolopacidae

Seedsnipes

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Thinocoridae

Jacanas

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Jacanidae

Painted-snipes

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Rostratulidae

Skuas and jaegers

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Stercorariidae

Skimmers

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Rynchopidae

Gulls, terns, and skimmers

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Laridae

Sunbittern

Order: Eurypygiformes   Family: Eurypygidae

Tropicbirds

Order: Phaethontiformes   Family: Phaethontidae

Penguins

Order: Sphenisciformes   Family: Spheniscidae

Albatrosses

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Diomedeidae

Petrels and shearwaters

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Procellariidae

Storm-petrels

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Hydrobatidae

Storks

Order: Ciconiiformes   Family: Ciconiidae

Frigatebirds

Order: Suliformes   Family: Fregatidae

Gannets and boobies

Order: Suliformes   Family: Sulidae

Anhingas

Order: Suliformes   Family: Anhingidae

Cormorants

Order: Suliformes   Family: Phalacrocoracidae

Pelicans

Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Pelecanidae

Bitterns, herons, and egrets

Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Ardeidae

Ibises and spoonbills

Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Threskiornithidae

New World vultures

Order: Cathartiformes   Family: Cathartidae

Osprey

Order: Accipitriformes   Family: Pandionidae

Kites, eagles, and hawks

Order: Accipitriformes   Family: Accipitridae

Barn-owls

Order: Strigiformes   Family: Tytonidae

Typical owls

Order: Strigiformes   Family: Strigidae

Quetzals and trogons

Order: Trogoniformes   Family: Trogonidae

Motmots

Order: Coraciiformes   Family: Momotidae

Kingfishers

Order: Coraciiformes   Family: Alcedinidae

Jacamars

Order: Galbuliformes   Family: Galbulidae

Puffbirds

Order: Galbuliformes   Family: Bucconidae

New World barbets

Order: Piciformes   Family: Capitonidae

Toucan barbet

Order: Piciformes   Family: Semnornithidae

Toucans

Order: Piciformes   Family: Ramphastidae

Woodpeckers

Order: Piciformes   Family: Picidae

Seriemas

Order: Cariamiformes   Family: Cariamidae

Falcons and caracaras

Order: Falconiformes   Family: Falconidae

Asian and Australasian parrots

Order: Psittaciformes   Family: Psittaculidae

New World and African parrots

Order: Psittaciformes   Family: Psittacidae

Sapayoa

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Sapayoidae

Typical antbirds

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Thamnophilidae

Crescentchests

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Melanopareiidae

Gnateaters

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Conopophagidae

Antpittas

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Grallariidae

Tapaculos

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Rhinocryptidae

Antthrushes

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Formicariidae

Ovenbirds and woodcreepers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Furnariidae

Tyrant flycatchers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Tyrannidae

Sharpbill

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Oxyruncidae

Cotingas

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Cotingidae

Manakins

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Pipridae

Tityras and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Tityridae

Piprites

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Incertae sedis

Vireos

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Vireonidae

Jays

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Corvidae

Larks

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Alaudidae

Swallows and martins

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Hirundinidae

Wrens

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Troglodytidae

Gnatcatchers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Polioptilidae

Donacobius

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Donacobiidae

Dippers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Cinclidae

Waxwings

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Bombycillidae

Thrushes

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Turdidae

Old World flycatchers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Muscicapidae

Mockingbirds and thrashers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Mimidae

Starlings and mynas

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Sturnidae

Wagtails and pipits

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Motacillidae

Tanagers and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Thraupidae

Genera Mitrospingus and Rhodinocichla

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Incertae sedis

New World sparrows

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Emberizidae

Cardinals and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Cardinalidae

New World warblers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Parulidae

Troupials and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Icteridae

Finches, euphonias, and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Fringillidae

Waxbills and munias

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Estrildidae

Weavers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Ploceidae

Old World sparrows

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Passeridae

Notes

  1. ↑ The SACC has split Nyctiprogne atifascia from Nyctiprogne leucopyga (Proposal 673) but has not assigned English names, so the proposal has not been implemented and the counts do not reflect the change.
  2. ↑ The SACC has split Schistes albogularis from Schistes geoffroyi (Proposal 774) but has not assigned Engish names, so the proposal has not been implemented and the counts do not reflect the change.
  3. ↑ The SACC has split Urochroa leucura from Urochroa bougueri (Proposal 775) but has not assigned Engish names, so the proposal has not been implemented and the counts do not reflect the change.
  4. ↑ The SACC has accepted Campylopterus calcirupicola as a newly described species (Proposal 756) but has not assigned an English name, so the proposal has not been implemented and the counts do not reflect the change.
  5. ↑ The SACC has split Thamnistes rufescens from T. anabatinus (Proposal 758) but has not assigned English names so the split has not been implemented and the counts do not reflect the change.
  6. ↑ The SACC has split Grallaricula leymebambae from Grallaricula ferrugineipectus (Proposal 784) but has not assigned Engish names, so the proposal has not been implemented and the counts do not reflect the change.
  7. ↑ The SACC has split Turdus subalaris from Turdus nigriceps (Proposal 786) but has not assigned English names so the proposal has not been implemented and the counts do not reflect the change.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, C. D. Cadena, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, J. F. Pacheco, J. Pérez-Emán, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, D. F. Stotz, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 7 July 2018. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved 7 July 2018
  2. ↑ Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2017. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2017. Downloaded 18 August 2017 from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
  3. ↑ South American Classification Committee (2018). "Species lists of birds for South American countries and territories, Version 7 July 2018". Retrieved 7 July 2018.

See also

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