Black-spotted bare-eye
| Black-spotted bare-eye | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Thamnophilidae |
| Genus: | Phlegopsis |
| Species: | P. nigromaculata |
| Binomial name | |
| Phlegopsis nigromaculata (d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1837) | |
| Synonyms | |
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The black-spotted bare-eye (Phlegopsis nigromaculata) is a species of insectivorius passerine bird in the antbird family, Thamnophilidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.[1]
The black-spotted bare-eye was described by the French naturalists Alcide d'Orbigny and Frédéric de Lafresnaye in 1837 and given the binomial name Myothera nigro-maculata.[2] The specific epithet combines the Latin words niger for "black" and maculatus for "spotted".[3]
There are four subspecies:[4]
- P. n. nigromaculata (d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1837) – southeast Colombia, east Ecuador, east Peru, north Bolivia and southwest Amazonian Brazil
- P. n. bowmani Ridgway, 1888 – south central Amazonian Brazil and central Bolivia
- P. n. confinis Zimmer, JT, 1932 – east central Amazonian Brazil
- P. n. paraensis Hellmayr, 1904 – northeast Brazil south of the Amazon
The black-spotted bare-eye is 16.5–17.5 cm (6.5–6.9 in) in length and weighs 42–51 g (1.5–1.8 oz). The sexes are alike.[5]
This species is a specialist ant-follower that relies upon swarms of army ants to flush insects and other arthropods out of the leaf litter.[6]
References
- 1 2 BirdLife International (2012). "Phlegopsis nigromaculata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
- ↑ d'Orbigny, Alcide; de Lafresnaye, Frédéric (1837). "Synopsis Avium". Magasin de zoologie (in Latin). 7 (2): 1–88 [14].
- ↑ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 272. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
- ↑ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2018). "Antbirds". World Bird List Version 8.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 4 February 2018.
- ↑ Zimmer, K.; Isler, M.L. (2018). del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E., eds. "Black-spotted Bare-eye (Phlegopsis nigromaculata)". Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions. Retrieved 18 February 2018. (Subscription required (help)).
- ↑ Zimmer, K.; Isler, M.L. (2018) [2003]. del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E., eds. "Typical Antbirds (Thamnophilidae)". Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions. Retrieved 17 February 2018. (Subscription required (help)).
Further reading
- Cadena, C.D.; Londoño, G.A.; Parra, J.L. (2000). "Nesting records of five antbird species from the Colombian Amazon". Wilson Bulletin. 112 (3): 313–317. doi:10.1676/0043-5643(2000)112[0313:NROFAS]2.0.CO;2.
- Willson, Susan K. (2004). "Obligate army-ant-following birds: a study of ecology, spatial movement patterns, and behavior in Amazonian Peru" (PDF). Ornithological Monographs. Number 55: 1–67.