Kamp Schoorl

Kamp Schoorl
Polizeiliches Durchgangslager Schoorl
Concentration camp
Kamp Schoorl during the Second World War
Location of the camp in the Netherlands
Coordinates 52°42′18″N 4°41′9.60″E / 52.70500°N 4.6860000°E / 52.70500; 4.6860000Coordinates: 52°42′18″N 4°41′9.60″E / 52.70500°N 4.6860000°E / 52.70500; 4.6860000
Other names Polizeiliches Durchgangslager Schoorl
Location Schoorl, Netherlands
Built by Dutch army
Operated by SS
Original use Army camp
First built 1939
Operational December 1940–October 1941[1]
Notable books Het Kamp Schoorl by Albert Boer
War memorial of Kamp Schoorl

Schoorl transit camp (Dutch: Kamp Schoorl, German: Polizeiliches Durchgangslager Schoorl), originally a Dutch army camp (1939–1940), was a Nazi concentration camp (1940–1941) near the village of Schoorl in the Netherlands.

History

Kamp Schoorl[2][3] was built in 1939 as a Dutch army camp. The Netherlands became occupied by Nazi Germany in May 1940.

Among the prisoners were also people from England, Belgium and France. After a few months the French and the Belgian were released. The English prisoners were transferred to a German camp in the Polish town of Toszek in September 1940.

The first Jews captured during the razzia (pogrom) of 22 and 23 February 1941 in Amsterdam (Jonas Daniël Meyerplein) were transferred in an army truck to the camp. The group of 425 people only stayed for 4 days after which they are transferred to concentration camp Buchenwald where they again are transferred in June 1941 to concentration camp Mauthausen. Only two of this group survived the war.

For about 1,900 people was the camp their first camp before being transferred to other camps. More than 1,000 of them never returned, mainly Jews and political prisoners.

The regime in the camp was mild compared to the other Dutch camps. There was not heavy labour and there was enough food.

The camp was closed by the Germans because the camp was too small and located between the dunes. It was not easy to enlarge it. In October 1941 the camp was closed. Some of the prisonars were released, but most of the prisoners were transferred to Kamp Amersfoort. 25 women were directly transported to concentration camp Ravensbrück.

Until the end of the war, militia of the Wehrmacht and the Organisation Todt used the camp as a base.

After the war the camp was used to imprison NSB members and was finally demolished in 1950.

Book

Het Kamp Schoorl is the title of a book in Dutch by Albert Boer, dealing with the history of camp Schoorl.[4]

References

  1. ↑ "Schoorl, monument aan de Oorsprongweg" (in Dutch), Nationaal Comité 4 en 5 mei. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  2. ↑ www.4en5mei.nl Kamp Schoorl
  3. ↑ www.kamparchieven.nl Kamp Schoorl Archived 2009-06-01 at the Wayback Machine.
  4. ↑ Boer, Albert (2007). Het Kamp Schoorl. The Hague: Conserve, Uitgeverij. ISBN 90-5429-240-7.
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