Ezhou

Ezhou
鄂州市
Prefecture-level city
A view of Ezhou urban area from the top of Wuchang Tower, West Hill

Location in Hubei and the PRC
Ezhou
Location in Hubei
Coordinates: 30°24′N 114°53′E / 30.400°N 114.883°E / 30.400; 114.883
Country People's Republic of China
Province Hubei
Area[1]
 • Prefecture-level city 1,504 km2 (581 sq mi)
 • Urban 1,593.54 km2 (615.27 sq mi)
 • Metro 963.4 km2 (372.0 sq mi)
Population (2010 census[2])
 • Prefecture-level city 1,048,668
 • Density 700/km2 (1,800/sq mi)
 • Urban 1,048,668
 • Urban density 660/km2 (1,700/sq mi)
 • Metro 1,035,496
 • Metro density 1,100/km2 (2,800/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+8 (China Standard)
ISO 3166 code CN-HB-07
Licence plate prefixes 鄂G
Website 鄂州市政府门户网站 (in Simplified Chinese)

Ezhou (Chinese: 鄂州; pinyin: Èzhōu) is a prefecture-level city in eastern Hubei Province, China. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 1,048,668, of which 668,727 lived in the core Echeng District. The Ezhou - Huanggang built-up (or metro) area was home to 1,035,496 inhabitants from the Echeng and Huangzhou, Huanggang Districts.

Geography

Ezhou lies on the southern bank of the Yangtze River east of the southern section of Wuchang, across the river from the city of Huanggang, to which it is connected by the Ehuang Bridge. Sandwiched between the cities of Wuhan and Huangshi, Ezhou has a relatively small area of 1,504 square kilometres (581 sq mi).[3]

There are many lakes in Ezhou, including the Liangzi Lake in Liangzihu District and Yanglan Lake, along with more than 133 lakes and pools. The city is the origin of Wuchang Bream and as a result is nicknamed "City of one hundred lakes" and "The land of fish and rice".

History

A 1915 map showing a small section of Wuchang (today's Ezhou), across the river from Hwang-Chow (Huangzhou), the modern central urban area of Huanggang, along with a much larger area further west (adjacent to Hanyang and Hankou)

The name "Ezhou" dates to the Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE) and derives from the nearby ancient Zhou Dynasty (1046–256 BCE) vassal State of E. Although the administrative seat of the city changed several times, the name remained unchanged until the Three Kingdoms era (220−280) at which time it became the capital of the state of Eastern Wu ruled by Sun Quan and was renamed "Wuchang". This name remained in use as late as 1915, which proved confusing to travellers as it was also applied to the much larger city of Wuchang, itself shortly to become part of Wuhan.[4]

Throughout China's history Ezhou has remained an important city politically, economically, and militarily with its strategic position along the middle part of the Yangtze River. It is also an important location in the history of the Pure Land Sect of Buddhism.

Administration

Ezhou has three districts:[1][5][6]

#NameChinese (S)
Districts
1Echeng District鄂城区 (the central urban area)
2Huarong District华容区
3Liangzihu District (Liangzi Lake)梁子湖区
Map

Economy

Ezhou television company tower

Ezhou has six ports on the Yangtze including one than can handle up to 10,000-tonne (9,800-long-ton; 11,000-short-ton) vessels. Many important rail lines and national highways cross the area. This infrastructure make it a major logistics and distribution center. Important industries include metallurgy, construction materials, textiles, chemicals, and machinery.

Transportation

Ezhou Traffic Police Office

Ezhou is served by the E-Huang Expressway, China National Highways 106 and 316, the Wuhan–Jiujiang Railway and the Wuhan-Huangshi Line of the Wuhan Metropolitan Area Intercity Railway. Ezhou has two bridges over the Yangtze.

The Ezhou Railway Station (鄂州站, 30°21′48″N 114°51′38″E / 30.363343°N 114.860499°E / 30.363343; 114.860499), located southwest of downtown, has an interesting layout, somewhat similar to that of the Secaucus Junction in New Jersey. Until 2014, there was just one rail line there: the north-south Wuhan–Jiujiang Railway, which is served by a large number of trains traveling from Wuhan to Nanchang and points further east and south (Fujian, Zhejiang, etc.). Until 2013, there were no commuter trains in per se in Hubei, but it took only about one hour (usually, with a stop at Huarong) to reach one of Wuhan's train stations (such as Wuchang Railway Station) train station from Ezhou using any of those trains. The distance from the Ezhou station to Wuchang by rail is 82 kilometres (51 mi).[7] In 2014, the Wuhan-Huangshi Line of the Wuhan Metropolitan Area Intercity Railway, the region's new commuter line system, was opened. This line, which runs east-west in the area, has crossed the Wuhan–Jiujiang Railway tracks at the right angle just south of the previously existing Ezhou station. To accommodate the new line, the Ezhou Station was expanded in 2013-2014, with platforms constructed on the new commuter line, providing a possibility for an easy transfer between the two lines. This is said to be the first station in China with this layout.[8]

The trains on the commuter line travel to the Wuhan Railway Station (56 km or 35 mi, 30–40 min from Ezhou).

The commuter line has one more station in Ezhou, farther to the east. It is Ezhou East, 64 km (40 mi) from the Wuhan Railway Station.

Tourism

Top Tourist City of China Ezhou Statue

Ezhou has several tourism sites, including the West Hill (which is in the center of the city), and the nearby Lotus Hill. There are also three lakes, Liangzi Lake, Yanglan Lake (洋澜湖) and Honglian.

References

  1. 1 2 "鄂州市历史沿革 [The Historical Development of Ezhou City]" (in Simplified Chinese). 行政区划网站 [Administrative Divisions Website]. 7 December 2011. Retrieved 6 October 2018. 1996年，全市面积1504平方千米，{...}辖鄂城、华容、梁子湖3个市辖区，
  2. ↑ http://www.citypopulation.de/php/china-hubei-admin.php
  3. ↑ Location of Ezhou 鄂州地理位置 (in Chinese)
  4. ↑ "鄂州历史纪要". 新华网. Retrieved 30 September 2007.
  5. ↑ "鄂州市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要 数据公报" (in Simplified Chinese). 鄂州日报社. 18 May 2011. Retrieved 2 January 2018. 六、人口的分布 全市常住人口地区分布如下：地 区 人口数（人）全市合计 1048672 鄂城区 303315 华容区 172599 梁子湖区 142608 葛店开发区（含葛店镇） 64734 鄂州开发区 31013 凤凰办 138032 古楼办 127600 西山办 68771
  6. ↑ 2017年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：鄂州市 [2017 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Ezhou City]. National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. 2017. Retrieved 6 October 2018. 统计用区划代码 名称 420701000000 市辖区 420702000000 梁子湖区 420703000000 华容区 420704000000 鄂城区
  7. ↑ Ezhou (鄂州) schedule search at tielu.org
  8. ↑ 武黄城铁预计5月开通 武汉到黄石仅30分钟票价35元 [The Wuhan-Huangshi Intercity Line expected to open in May. Wuhan to Huangshi in 30 minutes; 35 yuan fare]. 2014-04-27.

Coordinates: 30°24′N 114°50′E / 30.400°N 114.833°E / 30.400; 114.833

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