Birni block

Birni
Community development block
Birni
Location in Jharkhand, India
Birni
Birni (India)
Coordinates: 24°16′28″N 85°55′31″E / 24.27444°N 85.92528°E / 24.27444; 85.92528Coordinates: 24°16′28″N 85°55′31″E / 24.27444°N 85.92528°E / 24.27444; 85.92528
Country  India
State Jharkhand
District Giridih
Government
 • Type Representative democracy
Area
 • Total 319.98 km2 (123.54 sq mi)
Elevation 607 m (1,991 ft)
Population (2011)
 • Total 169,451
 • Density 530/km2 (1,400/sq mi)
Languages
 • Official Hindi, Urdu
Time zone UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN 825324 (Bangrakala)
Telephone/STD code 06554
Vehicle registration JH - 11
Lok Sabha constituency Kodarma, Giridih
Vidhan Sabha constituency Bagodar, Dhanwar, Giridih
Website giridih.nic.in

Birni is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Bagodar-Saria subdivision of Giridih district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.

Overview

Giridih is a plateau region. The western portion of the district is part of a larger central plateau. The rest of the district is a lower plateau, a flat table land with an elevation of about 1,300 feet. At the edges, the ghats drop to about 700 feet. The Pareshnath Hills or Shikharji rises to a height of 4,480 feet in the south-eastern part of the district. The district is thickly forested. Amongst the natural resources, it has coal and mica.[1][2]Inaugurating the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana in 2016, Raghubar Das, Chief Minister of Jharkhand, had indicated that there were 23 lakh BPL families in Jharkhand.[3]There was a plan to bring the BPL proportion in the total population down to 35%.[4]

Maoist activities

Jharkhand is one of the states affected by Maoist activities. As of 2012, Giridih was one of the 14 highly affected districts in the state.[5]As of 2016, Giridih was identified as one of the 13 focus areas by the state police to check Maoist activities.[6] In 2017, the Moists, in Giridih district, have torched more than 50 vehicles engaged in road construction or carrying goods.[7]

Geography

Birni is located at 24°16′28″N 85°55′31″E / 24.27444°N 85.92528°E / 24.27444; 85.92528.

Birni CD Block is bounded by Dhanwar and Jamua CD Blocks on the north, Giridih CD Block on the east, Dumri and Suriya CD Blocks on the south and Markacho CD Block, in Koderma district, on the west.[8][9]

Birni CD Block has an area of 319.98 km2. It has 28 gram panchayats, 172 inhabited villages. Birni police station serves this block.[10] Headquarters of this CD Block is at Birni. 14.74% of the area has forest cover.[8][11]

Rivers in Birni CD Block are Barakar, Irga and Bhutaha.[11]

Gram panchayats in Birni CD Block are: Padariya, Kapilo, Bangra Kala, Dalangi, Makhmargo, Birni, Tetariya Salaiya, Simra Dhab, Barmasiya, Arari, Jaridih, Kendua, Khairidih, Kharkhari, Shakhawara, Manjhiladih, Barwadih, Kusmai, Tulsitand, Gadi, Pesham, Chongakhar, Padarmaniya, Baliya, Manakdiha, Balgo, Khedwara and Keshodih.[11]

Demographics

Population

As per the 2011 Census of India Birni CD Block had a total population of 169,451, all of which were rural. There were 85,970 (51%) males and 83,481 (49%) females. Population below 6 years was 32,912. Scheduled Castes numbered 25,853 (15.26%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 2,475 (1.46%).[12]

Literacy

As of 2011 census the total number of literates in Birni CD Block was 83,928 (63.22% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 53,591 (77.54% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 30,337 (45,00% of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 32.54%.[12]

As of 2011 census, literacy in Giridih district was 63.14% [13] Literacy in Jharkhand was 66.41% in 2011.[13] Literacy in India in 2011 was 74.04%.[14]

See also – List of Jharkhand districts ranked by literacy rate

Language

Hindi is the official language in Jharkhand and Urdu has been declared as an additional official language.[15] Jharkhand legislature had passed a bill according the status of a second official language to several languages in 2011 but the same was turned down by the Governor.[16][17][18]

The three most populous mother-tongues (spoken language which is medium of conversation with the mother of children), as per data available from 2001 census in a Note on mother-tongue of earlier census, published in District Census Handbook Giridih, 2011, were: Khortha, Hindi and Urdu.[19]

Numerically, five important languages spoken by scheduled tribes in the district were: Santali, Kol, Mahli, Kora, Muddi-Kora and Munda, Munda Patar.[19]

As per the 2001 census, major languages spoken in Jharkhand (with 2001 census percentages in brackets): Hindi (57.56%), Santali (10.69%), Bengali (9.68%), Urdu (8.63%), Kurukh (3.20%), Mundari (3.19%), Ho (2.90%) and Odia (1.74%).[15] According to a survey, Khortha is the dominant mother-tongue in North Chotanagpur Division.[20]

Economy

Livelihood

Livelihood
in Birni CD Block

  Cultivators (45.82%)
  Agricultural labourers (27.30%)
  Household industries (2.39%)
  Other Workers (24.49%)

In Birni CD Block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 34,044 and formed 45.82%, agricultural labourers numbered 20,281 and formed 27.30%, household industry workers numbered 1,774 and formed 2.39% and other workers numbered 18,199 and formed 24.49%. Total workers numbered 74,298 and formed 43.85% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 95,153 and formed 56.15% of the population.[21]

Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned. When a person who works on another person’s land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the Factories Act. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers. It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.[22]

Infrastructure

There are 172 inhabited villages in Birni CD Block. In 2011, 29 villages had power supply. No village had tap water (treated/ untreated), 168 villages had well water (covered/ uncovered), 163 villages had hand pumps, and all villages had drinking water facility. 26 villages had post offices, 5 villages had a sub post office, 11 villages had telephones (land lines) and 135 villages had mobile phone coverage. 171 villages had pucca (paved) village roads, 27 villages had bus service (public/ private), 30 villages had autos/ modified autos, and 102 villages had tractors. 17 villages had bank branches, 4 villages had agricultural credit societies, no village had cinema/ video halls, no village had public library and public reading room. 72 villages had public distribution system, 16 villages had weekly haat (market) and 81 villages had assembly polling stations.[23]

Agriculture

Hills occupy a large portion of Giridih district. The soil is generally rocky and sandy and that helps jungles and bushes to grow. The forest area, forming a large portion of total area, in the district is evenly distributed all over. Some areas near the rivers have alluvial soil. In Birni CD Block, the percentage of cultivable area to total area is 22.96%. The percentage of cultivable area to the total area for the district, as a whole, is 27.04%. Irrigation is inadequate. The percentage of irrigated area to cultivable area in Birni CD Block is 11.01%. May to October is the Kharif season, followed by the Rabi season. Rice, sown in 50% of the gross sown area, is the main crop in the district. Other important crops grown are: maize, wheat, sugar cane, pulses and vegetables.[24]

Mica mining

Mica is mined in Birni CD Block.[11]

Backward Regions Grant Fund

Giridih district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the Backward Regions Grant Fund. The fund created by the Government of India is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 21 districts of Jharkhand.[25][26]

Transport

Birni is on Suriya-Rajdhanwar Road.[27]

Education

In 2011, amongst the 172 inhabited villages in Birni CD Block, 16 villages had no primary school, 119 villages had one primary school and 37 villages had more than one primary school. 85 villages had at least one primary school and one middle school. 13 villages had at least one middle school and one secondary school. Birni CD Block had 5 senior secondary schools.[28]

Healthcare

In 2011, amongst the 172 inhabited villages in Birni CD Block, 1 village had community health centre, 1 village had primary health centre, 14 villages had primary health sub-centres, 3 villages had maternity and child welfare centres, 3 villages had allopathic hospitals, 9 villages had dispensaries, 2 villages had veterinary hospitals, 16 villages had medicine shop and 126 villages had no medical facilities.[29]

References

  1. ↑ "Giridih district". Welcome to Giridih. Giridih district administration. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  2. ↑ "Parashnath Hill, Giridih". Native Planet. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  3. ↑ "Chief Minister launches Ujjwal scheme in Hazaribag". The Times of India, 2 November 2016. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
  4. ↑ "State 12th Five Year Plan: State Annual Plan 2012-13" (PDF). State of Jharkhand. Jharkhand Planning Commission. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
  5. ↑ "Jharkhand Assessment 2013". Satp. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  6. ↑ "13 focus areas identified in Jharkhand to check Maoist activities". Eenadu Jndia, 14 June 2016. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  7. ↑ "Maoista torch 9 vehicles, assault labourers in Jharkhand's Giridih district". India TV. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  8. 1 2 "2011 District Census Handbook Giridih, Series 21, Part XII B" (PDF). Map on Page 3. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  9. ↑ "CD Block/ Tehsil Map of Giridih". Maps of India. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  10. ↑ "District Statistical Handbook, Giridih". Tables 2.1, 2.4. Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Planning and Development, Jharkhand. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  11. 1 2 3 4 "Giridih". District Administration, Giridih. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  12. 1 2 "2011 Census C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA)". Jharkhand – District-wise CD Blocks. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  13. 1 2 "District Census Handbook Giridih 2011 Series- 21, Part XII B" (PDF). Page 17. Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  14. ↑ "Literacy in India". Census 2011. Census population 2015 data. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  15. 1 2 "Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013)" (PDF). Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. p. 35. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 July 2016. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  16. ↑ "Khortha demand for language teachers". The Telegraph, 22 November 2011. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  17. ↑ "Second Language". India Today, 22 October 2011. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  18. ↑ "Jharkhand Governor turns down language bill". Post/Jagran Josh, 19 October 2011. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  19. 1 2 "District Census Handbook Giridih, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Page 24. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
  20. ↑ "Language Diversity in Jharkhand". Uploaded by Binay Pattanayak, Pages 4-5. Google Cloud Platform. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  21. ↑ "District Census Handbook 2011 Giridih, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Tables 30 and 33, pages 52 and 58. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 16 November 2017.
  22. ↑ "District Census Handbook 2011 Giridih, Series 21 Part XII A" (PDF). Pages 17-18. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 16 November 2017.
  23. ↑ "District Census Handbook, Giridih, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Pages 1176-1178 Appendix I: Village Directory. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 21 November 2017.
  24. ↑ "District Census Handbook, Giridih, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Page 9: Forest, flora and fauna, Page 11, Soil and cropping pattern, and Land use pattern, Page 73, Table 41: Distribution of villages according to land use. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 21 November 2017.
  25. ↑ "Backward Regions Grant Funds: Programme Guidelines" (PDF). Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  26. ↑ "Backward Regions Grant Fund". Press Release, 14 June 2012. Press Information Bureau, Government of India. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  27. ↑ Google maps<google maps
  28. ↑ "District Census Handbook, Giridih, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Pages 1175, 1179 Appendix 1, I A & B: Village Directory. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 16 November 2017.
  29. ↑ "District Census Handbook, Giridih, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Pages 1175-1176 Appendix 1: Village Directory. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 16 November 2017.
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