Gram panchayat

India
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A gram panchayat (village council) is the only grassroots-level of panchayati raj formalised local self-governance system in India at the village or small-town level, and has a sarpanch as its elected head.[1]

The failed attempts to deal with local matters at the national level caused, in 1992, the reintroduction of panchayats for their previously used purpose as an organisation for local self-governance.[1] There are about 250,000 gram panchayats in India,[2][3] that are being gigabit-broadband enabled under the BharatNet and Digital India initiative.[4][5][6]

Structure

Gram panchayats are panchayats at base level in panchayat raj institutions (or PRIs), governed by the 73rd Constitutional Amendment, which is concerned with rural local governments.[7]

  • Panchayat at District (or apex) Level
  • Panchayat at Intermediate Level
  • Panchayat at Base Level

The gram panchayat is divided into wards and each ward is represented by a Ward Member or Commissioner, also referred to as a Panch or Panchayat Member, who is directly elected by the villagers.[8] The panchayat is chaired by the president of the village, known as a Sarpanch. The term of the elected representatives is five years. The Secretary of the panchayat is a non-elected representative, appointed by the state government, to oversee panchayat activities.[9]

Structure
Republic of India
StatesUnion Territories
Divisions
Districts
Blocks
(Tehsils/Talukas)		Municipal Corporations
(Maha-Nagar-Palika)		Municipalities
(Nagar-Palika)		City Councils
(Nagar-Panchayat)
Villages
(Gram/Gaon)		Wards

Meetings

According to Section. 6 (3) of the Andhra Pradesh Panchayat Raj Act of 1994, that state's gram sabha has to conduct a meeting at least twice a year.[10]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Sapra, Ipsita (February 2013). "Living in the villages". Rural Democracy. D+C Development and Cooperation. Retrieved 24 April 2015.
  2. ↑ Chaturvedi, Mahesh Chandra (2012). India's waters. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. 74. ISBN 978-1439872833. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
  3. ↑ "GROUND RULES". Scroll.in. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
  4. ↑ "Only ‘Made in India’ equipment for BharatNet: Govt.", The Hindu, 12 November 2017.
  5. ↑ "Govt to launch second phase of BharatNet, to connect 1.5 lakh panchayats with internet.", The News Minute, 13 November 2017.
  6. ↑ "BBNL may become full-blown telecom services company". Economic times. Kolkata, India. 29 October 2013.
  7. ↑ Benoy Banerjee; Irfaan Khan; Rajeev Kumar et al. (2006). "Chapter Eight: Local Governments". India Constitution at Work: Textbook in Political Science for Class XI. National Council of Educational Research and Training. ISBN 81-7450-550-4. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
  8. ↑ Seetharam, Mukkavilli (1 January 1990). Citizen Participation in Rural Development. Mittal Publications. p. 34. ISBN 9788170992271.
  9. ↑ Social Science. Vk Publications. p. 117. ISBN 9788179732144.
  10. ↑ "The Andhra Pradesh Panchayat Raj Act, 1994" (PDF). Lawsofindia.org. 2002. Section 6.(3). Retrieved 30 September 2015.
  • website of Ministry of Panchayati Raj Government of India
  • Subramaniam Vincent (28 February 2002). "Ugly duckling to swan". India Together.
  • "Indian local governments" (Harvard University)
  • "Indian local governments" (National Backward Krishi Vidyapeeth Solapur in India)


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