1830 United States Census

The United States Census of 1830, the fifth census undertaken in the United States, was conducted on June 1, 1830. The only loss of census records for 1830 involved some countywide losses in Massachusetts, Maryland, and Mississippi.

It determined the population of the 24 states to be 12,866,020, of which 2,009,043 were slaves. The center of population was about 170 miles (274 km) west of Washington, D.C. in present-day Grant County, West Virginia.

Census questions

The 1830 census asked these questions:^[1]

Name of head of family
Address
Number of free white males and females
- in five-year age groups to age 20
- in 10-year age groups from 20 to 100
- 100 years and older
number of slaves and free colored persons in six age groups
number of deaf and dumb
- under 14 years old
- 14 to 24 years old
- 25 years and older
number of blind
foreigners not naturalized

Data availability

No microdata from the 1830 population census are available, but aggregate data for small areas, together with compatible cartographic boundary files, can be downloaded from the National Historical Geographic Information System.

State rankings

Rank	State	Population
01	New York	1,918,608
02	Pennsylvania	1,348,233
03	Virginia	1,044,054
04	Ohio	937,903
05	North Carolina	737,987
06	Kentucky	687,917
07	Tennessee	681,904
08	Massachusetts	610,408
09	South Carolina	581,185
10	Georgia	516,823
11	Maryland	447,040
12	Maine	399,455
13	Indiana	343,031
14	New Jersey	320,823
15	Alabama	309,527
16	Connecticut	297,675
17	Vermont	280,652
18	New Hampshire	269,328
19	Louisiana	215,739
X	West Virginia ^[2]	176,924
20	Illinois	157,445
21	Missouri	140,455
22	Mississippi	136,621
23	Rhode Island	97,199
24	Delaware	76,748
X	Florida	34,730
X	Arkansas	30,388
X	District of Columbia ^[3]	30,261
X	Michigan	28,004
X	Wisconsin	3,635

City rankings

Rank	City	State	Population^[4]	Region (2016)^[5]
01	New York	New York	202,589	Northeast
02	Baltimore	Maryland	80,620	South
03	Philadelphia	Pennsylvania	80,462	Northeast
04	Boston	Massachusetts	61,392	Northeast
05	New Orleans	Louisiana	46,082	South
06	Charleston	South Carolina	30,289	South
07	Northern Liberties	Pennsylvania	28,872	Northeast
08	Cincinnati	Ohio	24,831	Midwest
09	Albany	New York	24,209	Northeast
10	Southwark	Pennsylvania	20,581	Northeast
11	Washington	District of Columbia	18,826	South
12	Providence	Rhode Island	16,833	Northeast
13	Richmond	Virginia	16,060	South
14	Salem	Massachusetts	13,895	Northeast
15	Kensington	Pennsylvania	13,394	Northeast
16	Portland	Maine	12,598	Northeast
17	Pittsburgh	Pennsylvania	12,568	Northeast
18	Brooklyn	New York	12,406	Northeast
19	Troy	New York	11,556	Northeast
20	Spring Garden	Pennsylvania	11,140	Northeast
21	Newark	New Jersey	10,953	Northeast
22	Louisville	Kentucky	10,341	South
23	New Haven	Connecticut	10,180	Northeast
24	Norfolk	Virginia	9,814	South
25	Rochester	New York	9,207	Northeast
26	Charlestown	Massachusetts	8,783	Northeast
27	Buffalo	New York	8,668	Northeast
28	Georgetown	District of Columbia	8,441	South
29	Utica	New York	8,323	Northeast
30	Petersburg	Virginia	8,322	South
31	Alexandria	District of Columbia	8,241	South
32	Portsmouth	New Hampshire	8,026	Northeast
33	Newport	Rhode Island	8,010	Northeast
34	Lancaster	Pennsylvania	7,704	Northeast
35	New Bedford	Massachusetts	7,592	Northeast
36	Gloucester	Massachusetts	7,510	Northeast
37	Savannah	Georgia	7,303	South
38	Nantucket	Massachusetts	7,202	Northeast
39	Hartford	Connecticut	7,074	Northeast
40	Moyamensing	Pennsylvania	6,822	Northeast
41	Springfield	Massachusetts	6,784	Northeast
42	Augusta	Georgia	6,710	South
43	Lowell	Massachusetts	6,474	Northeast
44	Newburyport	Massachusetts	6,375	Northeast
45	Lynn	Massachusetts	6,138	Northeast
46	Cambridge	Massachusetts	6,072	Northeast
47	Taunton	Massachusetts	6,042	Northeast
48	Lexington	Kentucky	6,026	South
49	Reading	Pennsylvania	5,856	Northeast
50	Nashville	Tennessee	5,566	South
51	Warwick	Rhode Island	5,529	Northeast
52	Dover	New Hampshire	5,449	Northeast
53	Hudson	New York	5,392	Northeast
54	Roxbury	Massachusetts	5,247	Northeast
55	Marblehead	Massachusetts	5,149	Northeast
56	Middleborough	Massachusetts	5,008	Northeast
57	St. Louis	Missouri	4,977	Midwest
58	Plymouth	Massachusetts	4,758	Northeast
59	Lynchburg	Virginia	4,630	South
60	Andover	Massachusetts	4,530	Northeast
61	Frederick	Maryland	4,427	South
62	New London	Connecticut	4,335	Northeast
63	Harrisburg	Pennsylvania	4,312	Northeast
64	Schenectady	New York	4,268	Northeast
65	Danvers	Massachusetts	4,228	Northeast
66	York	Pennsylvania	4,216	Northeast
67	Worcester	Massachusetts	4,173	Northeast
68	Fall River	Massachusetts	4,158	Northeast
69	Dorchester	Massachusetts	4,074	Northeast
70	Beverly	Massachusetts	4,073	Northeast
71	Trenton	New Jersey	3,925	Northeast
72	New Bern	North Carolina	3,796	South
73	Wilmington	North Carolina	3,791	South
74	Carlisle	Pennsylvania	3,707	Northeast
75	Easton	Pennsylvania	3,529	Northeast
76	Elizabeth	New Jersey	3,455	Northeast
77	Hagerstown	Maryland	3,371	South
78	Columbia	South Carolina	3,310	South
79	Fredericksburg	Virginia	3,308	South
80	Mobile	Alabama	3,194	South
81	Norwich	Connecticut	3,135	Northeast
82	Middletown	Connecticut	3,123	Northeast
83	Zanesville	Ohio	3,094	Midwest
84	Dayton	Ohio	2,950	Midwest
85	Steubenville	Ohio	2,937	Midwest
86	Fayetteville	North Carolina	2,868	South
87	Chillicothe	Ohio	2,846	Midwest
88	Allegheny	Pennsylvania	2,801	Northeast
89	Natchez	Mississippi	2,789	South
90	Annapolis	Maryland	2,623	South

References

↑ "Library Bibliography Bulletin 88, New York State Census Records, 1790-1925". New York State Library. October 1981. pp. 43 (p.49 of PDF).
↑ Between 1790 and 1860, the state of West Virginia was part of Virginia; the data for each states reflect the present-day boundaries.
↑ The District of Columbia is not a state but was created with the passage of the Residence Act of 1790. The territory that formed that federal capital was originally donated by both Maryland and Virginia; however, the Virginia portion was returned by Congress in 1846.
↑ Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990, U.S. Census Bureau, 1998
↑ "Regions and Divisions". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on December 3, 2016. Retrieved September 9, 2016.

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