過ごす

Japanese
Kanji in this term
過
す
Grade: 5
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Verb

過ごす (transitive, godan conjugation, hiragana すごす, rōmaji sugosu)

Japanese verb pair
active 過ごす
mediopassive 過ぎる
  1. spend, pass (time); have (a holiday)
    退屈 (たいくつ)な日 (ひ)々 (び)を過 (す)ごす
    taikutsu na hibi o sugosu
    to live out boring days
    休日 (きゅうじつ)を家 (いえ)で過 (す)ごす
    kyūjitsu o ie de sugosu
    to spend a day off at home
    不 (ふ)安 (あん)な夜 (よる)を過 (す)ごす
    fuan na yoru o sugosu
    to endure a night of anxiety
    (literally, “to pass an uneasy night”)
  2. do something too much, carry something too far

Conjugation
Conjugation of "過ごす" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 過ごさ すごさ sugosa
Continuative (連用形) 過ごし すごし sugoshi
Terminal (終止形) 過ごす すごす sugosu
Attributive (連体形) 過ごす すごす sugosu
Hypothetical (仮定形) 過ごせ すごせ sugose
Imperative (命令形) 過ごせ すごせ sugose
Key constructions
Passive 過ごされる すごされる sugosareru
Causative 過ごさせる
過ごさす		 すごさせる
すごさす		 sugosaseru
sugosasu
Potential 過ごせる すごせる sugoseru
Volitional 過ごそう すごそう sugosō
Negative 過ごさない すごさない sugosanai
Negative continuative 過ごさず すごさず sugosazu
Formal 過ごします すごします sugoshimasu
Perfective 過ごした すごした sugoshita
Conjunctive 過ごして すごして sugoshite
Hypothetical conditional 過ごせば すごせば sugoseba
Classical conjugation of "過ごす" (サ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 過ごさすごさsugosa
Continuative (連用形) 過ごしすごしsugosi
Terminal (終止形) 過ごすすごすsugosu
Attributive (連体形) 過ごすすごすsugosu
Realis (已然形) 過ごせすごせsugose
Imperative (命令形) 過ごせすごせsugose
Key constructions
Negative 過ごさずすごさずsugosazu
Contrasting conjunction 過ごせどすごせどsugosedo
Causal conjunction 過ごせばすごせばsugoseba
Conditional conjunction 過ごさばすごさばsugosaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 過ごしきすごしきsugosiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 過ごしけりすごしけりsugosikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 過ごしつすごしつsugositu
Perfect tense (natural event) 過ごしぬすごしぬsugosinu
Perfect-continuative tense 過ごせり
過ごしたり		すごせり
すごしたり		sugoseri
sugositari

References
  1. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
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