已然形

Japanese

Kanji in this term
已	然	形
い Jinmeiyō	ぜん Grade: 4	けい Grade: 2
on’yomi

Pronunciation

On’yomi: Kan’on
- (Tokyo) いぜんけー [ìzéńkéé] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
- IPA^(key): [izẽ̞ŋke̞ː]

Noun

已然形 (hiragana いぜんけい, rōmaji izenkei)

(grammar) a verbal inflectional category; the realis form as used in classical Japanese. Indicates that something is already the case, or is in the process of happening. The 已然形 has evolved into the 仮定形 (conditional form) now used in modern Japanese.

Related terms

仮 (か)定 (てい)形 (けい) (kateikei, “conditional”)
終 (しゅう)止 (し)形 (けい) (shūshikei, “conclusive”)
未 (み)然 (ぜん)形 (けい) (mizenkei, “irrealis”)
命 (めい)令 (れい)形 (けい) (meireikei, “imperative”)
連 (れん)用 (よう)形 (けい) (ren'yōkei, “adverbial”)
連体形 (れんたいけい) (rentaikei, “attributive”)

See also

仮定形

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Shibatani, Masayoshi (1990) The languages of Japan, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 221-224
Kokugo Dai Jiten Dictionary. Shinsou-ban (Revised edition), Shogakukan, 1988

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