羯磨

Borrowed from Sanskrit कर्मन् (karman, literally “act, action”).

羯磨

1. (archaic) karma

• 業／业 (yè)

*/kɨatɨ mʷa/ → /katuma/ → /kat͡suma/

From Middle Chinese 羯磨 (MC kɨɐt̚ muɑ), itself a transliteration of Sanskrit कर्मन् (karman, literally “act, action”).

This pronunciation is prevalent in many Japanese schools of Buddhism, Tendai and Jōdo-shū to name a few.[1]

• On’yomi
  • (Tokyo) か​つま [káꜜtsùmà] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
  • IPA^(key): [ka̠t͡sɨᵝma̠]

羯磨 (hiragana かつま, rōmaji katsuma)

1. (Buddhism) karma:
   1. a person's actions, deeds, works, etc.

      Synonyms: 行為 (kōi), 業 (gō), 所作 (shosa)

   2. confessions and/or vows to follow Buddhist precepts (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
   3. Short for 羯磨金剛 (katsuma kongō): This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

• 羯 (かつ)磨 (ま)金 (こん)剛 (ごう) (katsuma kongō)
• 羯 (かつ)磨 (ま)曼 (まん)荼 (だ)羅 (ら) (katsuma mandara)
• 毘 (び)首 (しゅ)羯 (かつ)磨 (ま) (Bishukatsuma)

羯磨 (hiragana かつま, rōmaji Katsuma)

1. a surname

羯磨 (hiragana こんま, rōmaji konma)

1. (Shingon Buddhism) karma: same as 羯磨 (かつま) (katsuma) above