組織

See also: 组织

Chinese

		to form; compose; make up to form; compose; make up; group; to organize; cord	weave
trad. (組織)		組	織
simp. (组织)		组	织

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zǔzhī

(Zhuyin): ㄗㄨˇ ㄓ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zou² zik¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chû-chṳt
Min Dong (BUC): cū-cék
Min Nan (POJ): chó͘-chit / cho͘-chit
Wu (Wiktionary): tsu tseq (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zǔzhī → zǔzhi (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄨˇ ㄓ → ㄗㄨˇ ˙ㄓ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuu.jy
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡su²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/ → /t͡su²¹⁴ ɖ͡ʐ̥ʐ̩⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zou² zik¹
  - Yale: jóu jīk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzou² dzik⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: zou² jig¹
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sou̯³⁵ t͡sɪk̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chû-chṳt
  - Hakka Romanization System: zu´ ziid`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zu¹ zid⁵
  - IPA: /t͡su²⁴ t͡sɨt̚²/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cū-cék
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡su³³⁻⁵⁵ ^(t͡s-)ʒɛiʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chó͘-chit
  - Tâi-lô: tsóo-tsit
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zofcid
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕit̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡ɕit̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cho͘-chit
  - Tâi-lô: tsoo-tsit
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zocid
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡ɕit̚³²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: tsu tseq (T2)
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sv̩ʷ³³ t͡səʔ⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: /t͡suo^X t͡ɕɨk̚/▼

Rime
Character	組	織
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Initial (聲)	精 (13)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	職 (134)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	則古切	之翼切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡suo^X/	/t͡ɕɨk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡suo^X/	/t͡ɕɨk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡so^X/	/t͡ɕiek̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sɔ^X/	/cik̚/
Li Rong	/t͡so^X/	/t͡ɕiək̚/
Wang Li	/t͡su^X/	/t͡ɕĭək̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡suo^X/	/t͡ɕi̯ək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zǔ	zhi

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*ʔsaːʔ tjɯɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	織
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhī
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyik ›
Old Chinese	/*tək/
English	weave (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	組	織
Reading #	1/1	2/2
No.	10399	17251
Phonetic component	且	戠
Rime group	魚	職
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	祖	職
Old Chinese	/*ʔsaːʔ/	/*tjɯɡ/

Verb

組織

to organize; to arrange
組織活動 / 组织活动 ― zǔzhī huódòng ― to organize activities
(Classical Chinese) to spin and weave fabric
(Classical Chinese) to compose poetry

Synonyms

(organize): 安頓／安顿 (āndùn), 安排 (ānpái), 安置 (ānzhì), 部署 (bùshǔ)，佈置／布置 (bùzhì)
(spin and weave fabric): 紡織／纺织 (fǎngzhī)

Noun

組織

organization (group of people with a purpose) (Classifier: 個／个 m)
正規組織 / 正规组织 ― zhèngguī zǔzhī ― formal organization
(biology) tissue (Classifier: 個／个 m)
疤痕組織 / 疤痕组织 ― bāhén zǔzhī ― scar tissue

Derived terms

Derived terms from 組織

世衛組織／世卫组织 (Shìwèi Zǔzhī)
北大西洋公約組織／北大西洋公约组织 (Běi-Dàxīyáng Gōngyuē Zǔzhī)
國際貨幣基金組織／国际货币基金组织 (Guójì Huòbì Jījīn Zǔzhī)
有組織／有组织 (yǒuzǔzhī)
無組織／无组织 (wúzǔzhī)
犯罪組織／犯罪组织 (fànzuì zǔzhī)
組織上／组织上
組織學／组织学 (zǔzhīxué)

組織性／组织性
組織液／组织液
組織生活／组织生活
組織者／组织者 (zǔzhīzhě)
組織關係／组织关系
脂肪組織／脂肪组织 (zhīfáng zǔzhī)
非政府組織／非政府组织 (fēizhèngfǔ zǔzhī)
非營利組織／非营利组织 (fēiyínglì zǔzhī)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (組織):

→ Japanese: 組織 (そしき) (soshiki)
→ Korean: 조직 (組織, jojik)
→ Vietnamese: tổ chức (組織)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
組	織
そ Grade: 2	しき Grade: 5
on’yomi

Pronunciation

On’yomi
- (Tokyo) そしき [sóꜜshìkì] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
- IPA^(key): [so̞ɕi̥kʲi]

Noun

組織 (hiragana そしき, rōmaji soshiki)

organisation (a group of people)
system (a group of people)
(biology) tissue (a group of similar cells that function together to do a specific job)

Verb

組織する (hiragana そしきする, rōmaji soshiki suru)

organise
- 2011, Barack Obama, 中東と北アフリカに関するバラク・オバマの演説, translation of "Remarks by the President on the Middle East and North Africa" by User:Lombroso:
  反政府勢力 (はんせいふせいりょく)は、適法 (てきほう)かつ信頼 (しんらい)に足 (た)る暫定評議会 (ざんていひょうぎかい)を組織 (そしき)した。
  Hanseifu seiryoku wa, tekihō katsu shinrai ni taru zantei hyōgikai o soshiki shita.
  The opposition has organised a legitimate and credible Interim Council.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "組織する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	組織し	そしきし	soshiki shi
Continuative (連用形)	組織し	そしきし	soshiki shi
Terminal (終止形)	組織する	そしきする	soshiki suru
Attributive (連体形)	組織する	そしきする	soshiki suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	組織すれ	そしきすれ	soshiki sure
Imperative (命令形)	組織せよ¹ 組織しろ²	そしきせよ¹ そしきしろ²	soshiki seyo¹ soshiki shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	組織される	そしきされる	soshiki sareru
Causative	組織させる組織さす	そしきさせるそしきさす	soshiki saseru soshiki sasu
Potential	組織できる	そしきできる	soshiki dekiru
Volitional	組織しよう	そしきしよう	soshiki shiyō
Negative	組織しない	そしきしない	soshiki shinai
Negative continuative	組織せず	そしきせず	soshiki sezu
Formal	組織します	そしきします	soshiki shimasu
Perfective	組織した	そしきした	soshiki shita
Conjunctive	組織して	そしきして	soshiki shite
Hypothetical conditional	組織すれば	そしきすれば	soshiki sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
組	織

Noun

組織 • (jojik) (hangeul 조직)

Hanja form^? of 조직 (“organisation”).

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this word
組	織

Noun

組織

Hán tự form of tổ chức (“organisation”).

Verb

組織

Hán tự form of tổ chức (“to organise”).

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[NHK-1] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN