生日

Chinese
 
to be born; to give birth; life; to grow; student; raw
 
day; sun; date; day of the month; Japan (abbrev.)
simp. and trad.
(生日)		 生 日

Pronunciation
Rime
Character 生 日
Reading # 1/2 1/1
Initial (聲) 生 (21) 日 (38)
Final (韻) 庚 (109) 質 (48)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) II III
Fanqie 所庚切 人質切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʃˠæŋ/ /ȵiɪt̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʃᵚaŋ/ /ȵit̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʃaŋ/ /ȵʑjet̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʂaɨjŋ/ /ȵit̚/
Li
Rong		 /ʃɐŋ/ /ȵiĕt̚/
Wang
Li		 /ʃɐŋ/ /ȵʑĭĕt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʂɐŋ/ /ȵʑi̯ĕt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shēng rì
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 生 生 生 日
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 shēng shēng shēng rì
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ sræng › ‹ sræng › ‹ srjæng › ‹ nyit ›
Old
Chinese		 /*sreŋ/ (MC srj- > sr-; or *s.reŋ ?) /*sreŋ/ /*sreŋ/ (or *s.reŋ ?) /*C.nik/
English bear, be born; live fresh, raw bear, be born; live sun; day

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 生 生 日
Reading # 1/2 2/2 1/1
No. 11312 11322 10845
Phonetic
component		 生 生 日
Rime
group		 耕 耕 質
Rime
subdivision		 0 0 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 生 生 日
Old
Chinese		 /*sʰleːŋ/ /*sreŋs/ /*njiɡ/

Noun

生日

  1. birthday
    這是我特意為你生日而做的。 [MSC, trad.]
    这是我特意为你生日而做的。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè shì wǒ tèyì wèi nǐ shēngrì ér zuò de. [Pinyin]
    I made this specially for your birthday.

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (生日):

Japanese

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
生 日
い(く)
Grade: 1		 ひ
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

Compound of 生く (iku, “to exist, live”, archaic) +‎ 日 (hi, “day”).

Noun

生日 (hiragana いくひ, rōmaji ikuhi)

  1. a lucky day, auspicious day
    Synonym: 吉日 (kichijitsu)
Derived terms
  • 生 (いく)日 (ひ)の足 (たる)日 (ひ) (ikuhi no taruhi)

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
生 日
せい
Grade: 1		 じつ
Grade: 1
kan’on

First appeared in 1867.

Possibly borrowed from Mandarin 生日 (shēngrì). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

Noun

生日 (hiragana せいじつ, rōmaji seijitsu)

  1. (rare) one's birthday
    Synonyms: 生辰 (seishin), 誕生日 (tanjōbi), 誕辰 (tanshin)

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean
Hanja in this term
生日

Noun

生日 • (saeng-il) (hangeul 생일)

  1. Hanja form? of 생일 (“birthday”).

Vietnamese
Hán tự in this term
生日

Noun

生日

  1. Hán tự form of sinh nhật (“birthday”).
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