塘

塘	U+5858, 塘 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5858

← 塗
[U+5857]

CJK Unified Ideographs

塙 →
[U+5859]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

塘 (radical 32, 土+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 土戈中口 (GILR), four-corner 4016₇, composition ⿰土唐)

Derived characters

䕋

References

KangXi: page 235, character 22
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5340
Dae Jaweon: page 473, character 14
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 473, character 20
Unihan data for U+5858

Chinese

simp. and trad.		塘

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (庚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
唐	*ɡl'aːŋ
煻	*l'aːŋ
糖	*l'aːŋ
搪	*l'aːŋ
蓎	*l'aːŋ
瑭	*l'aːŋ
餹	*l'aːŋ
篖	*l'aːŋ
螗	*l'aːŋ
塘	*l'aːŋ
鶶	*l'aːŋ
赯	*l'aːŋ
磄	*l'aːŋ
溏	*l'aːŋ
傏	*l'aːŋ
鎕	*l'aːŋ
榶	*l'aːŋ
嵣	l'aːŋʔ, l'aːŋs
庚	*kraːŋ
賡	*kraːŋ
鹒	*kraːŋ
康	*kʰlaːŋ
穅	*kʰlaːŋ
糠	*kʰlaːŋ
槺	*kʰlaːŋ
漮	*kʰlaːŋ
躿	*kʰlaːŋ
慷	*kʰlaːŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *l'aːŋ) : semantic 土 (“dirt”) + phonetic 唐 (OC *ɡl'aːŋ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): táng (tang²)

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄤˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): tong⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thòng
Min Bei (KCR): dǒ̤ng
Min Dong (BUC): dòng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): tông / tn̂g

(Teochew, Peng'im): deng⁵ / tang⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: táng
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄤˊ
  - Wade–Giles: t'ang²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarng
  - IPA ^(key): /tʰɑŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: tong⁴
  - Yale: tòhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tong⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: tong⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /tʰɔːŋ²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thòng
  - Hakka Romanization System: tongˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: tong²
  - IPA: /tʰoŋ¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dǒ̤ng
  - IPA ^(key): /tɔŋ²¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dòng
  - IPA ^(key): /touŋ⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tông / tn̂g
  - Tâi-lô: tông / tn̂g
  - Phofsit Daibuun: doong, dngg
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tɔŋ²⁴/, /tŋ̍²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔŋ²⁴/, /tŋ̍²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tɔŋ¹³/, /tŋ̍¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tɔŋ²⁴/, /tŋ̍²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɔŋ²³/, /tŋ̍²³/

Note:

tông - literary;
tn̂g - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: deng⁵ / tang⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tṳ̂ng / thâng
  - IPA ^(key): /tɯŋ⁵⁵/, /tʰaŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

deng5 - vernacular;
tang5 - literary.

Middle Chinese: /dɑŋ/▼

Rime
Character	塘
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	徒郎切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/daŋ/
Li Rong	/dɑŋ/
Wang Li	/dɑŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	táng

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m.rˤaŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*l'aːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	塘
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	táng
Middle Chinese	‹ dang ›
Old Chinese	/m.rˁaŋ/ (~ mə.rˁaŋ)
English	dam, dike
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	塘
Reading #	1/1
No.	3968
Phonetic component	庚
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	唐
Old Chinese	/*l'aːŋ/
Notes	見莊子國語

Definitions

塘

Compounds

南化塘 (Nánhuàtáng)
周塘 (Zhōutáng)
回塘
坳塘 (āotáng)
塘坳
塘堰 (tángyàn)
塘沽
塘沽新港
塘畈 (Tángfàn)
塘鵝／塘鹅 (táng'é)
官塘
提塘

新塘 (Xīntáng)
旺塘 (Wàngtáng)
橫塘／横塘
水塘 (shuǐtáng)
池塘 (chítáng)
泥塘
海塘
潘塘 (Pāntáng)
火塘 (huǒtáng)
畢家塘／毕家塘 (Bìjiātáng)
瞿塘峽／瞿塘峡
胡家塘 (Hújiātáng)

荷塘 (hétáng)
葦塘／苇塘 (wěitáng)
蠣塘／蛎塘
西塘 (Xītáng)
錢塘／钱塘 (Qiántáng)
錢塘江／钱塘江 (Qiántáng Jiāng)
錢塘潮／钱塘潮
陂塘
雷塘
魚塘／鱼塘
黃泥塘／黄泥塘 (Huángnítáng)
龍塘／龙塘 (Lóngtáng)

Japanese

Kanji

塘

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: どう (dō)

Kan-on: とう (tō)

Kun: つつみ (tsutsumi); とも (tomo)

Korean

Hanja

塘 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang)

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Vietnamese

Han character

塘 (đường, đàng)

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