あれ

Japanese

Etymology 1
Alternative spellings 彼
彼れ

From older kare → are. Compound of あ (a, “that, yon”) +‎ れ (-re, nominalizing suffix for demonstratives).

Pronunciation

Pronoun

あれ (rōmaji are)

  1. distal demonstrative, something far off removed from both speaker and listener: that, yon
    1. (deictically) that one over there (far from the speaker and the addressee)
    2. (anaphorically) that one we both know (both the speaker and the addressee know)
  2. third person pronoun: he, she, it
  3. second person pronoun: you
  4. a euphemism for sex: it
Usage notes
  • Indicates something far off, removed from both speaker and addressee. Contrast with それ (sore), indicating something removed from the speaker but closer to the addressee.
See also
Japanese demonstratives
ko-
“this”
(close to speaker)		 so-
“that”
(close to listener)		 a-
“that over there”
(far from both)		 do-
“which”
(indeterminate, question)
Object これ (kore) それ (sore) あれ (are) どれ (dore)
これら (korera) それら (sorera) あれら (arera) —
Determiner この (kono) その (sono) あの (ano) どの (dono)
これらの (korera no) それらの (sorera no) あれらの (arera no) —
Kind こんな (konna) そんな (sonna) あんな (anna) どんな (donna)
Place ここ (koko) そこ (soko) あそこ (asoko)* どこ (doko)
Direction こちら (kochira) そちら (sochira) あちら (achira) どちら (dochira)
こっち (kotchi) そっち (sotchi) あっち (atchi) どっち (dotchi)
Human こいつ (koitsu) そいつ (soitsu) あいつ (aitsu) どいつ (doitsu)
Manner こう (kō) そう (sō) ああ (ā)** どう (dō)
* irregular
** regular (long vowel)
Classical Japanese pronouns and demonstratives
First personSecond personClose to speakerClose to listenerFar from bothInterrogativeReflexive
Person あ (a), あれ (are)
わ (wa), われ (ware)		 な (na), なれ (nare)
なんぢ (nanji)
まし (mashi)
いまし (imashi)
みまし (mimashi)
きみ (kimi)		 こ (ko), これ (kore) そ (so), それ (sore) あ (a), あれ (are)
か (ka), かれ (kare)		 た (ta), たれ (tare)
なにがし (nanigashi)		 おの (ono)
Thing こ (ko), これ (kore) そ (so), それ (sore) あ (a), あれ (are)
か (ka), かれ (kare)		 いづれ (izure)
なに (nani)
Location ここ (koko) そこ (soko) あしこ (ashiko)
かしこ (kashiko)		 いづこ (izuko)
いづく (izuku)
いどこ (idoko)
どこ (doko)
Direction こち (kochi)
こなた (konata)		 そち (sochi)
そなた (sonata)		 あち (achi)
あなた (anata)
かなた (kanata)		 いづち (izuchi)
いづら (izura)
いづかた (izukata)
Manner か (ka)
かく (kaku)
かくて (kakute)
かう (kō)		 さ (sa), さて (sate)
しか (shika)		 いか (ika)
Time いつ (itsu)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Interjection

あれ (rōmaji are)

  1. huh? (expression of surprise and confusion when talking to yourself)

See also
  • あら (ara)
  • あらまあ (aramā)
  • あらら (arara)
  • あれれ (arere)
  • え (e)

Etymology 3
For pronunciation and definitions of あれ – see the following entry at 荒れ.
あれ【荒れ】
[noun]stormy weather, tempest, chaps (of skin)
(This term, あれ, is a hiragana spelling of 荒れ.)

Etymology 4
Alternative spellings 吾
我

The long form of あ (a, “I, me”). From あ (a) +‎ れ (-re, nominalizing suffix)

Fell into disuse in roughly the Heian period,[1] when it was replaced by われ (ware).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) あれ [àré] (Heiban – [0])
  • IPA(key): [a̠ɾe̞]

Pronoun

あれ (rōmaji are)

  1. (obsolete) first-person personal pronoun: I, me
    • c. 1001–1014, Murasaki Shikibu, Genji Monogatari (Yume no Ukihashi)
      ...と、聞こえ動かして、几帳のもとに、おし寄せたてまつりたれば、あれにもあらず、居給へるけはい...
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  • Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 1: Man’yōshū 1 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1999, ISBN 978-4-00-240001-3.
  • Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 3: Man’yōshū 3 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 2002, ISBN 978-4-00-240003-7.
  • Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 4: Man’yōshū 4 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 2003, ISBN 978-4-00-240004-4.
  • Yamagishi, Tokuhei (1963) Koten Bungaku Taikei 14: Genji Monogatari 5 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, ISBN 4-0006-0018-4
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