cár

See also: Appendix:Variations of "car"

Hungarian

Etymology

From Russian царь (carʹ), from Old Church Slavonic цѣсарь (cěsarĭ), ultimately from Latin Caesar.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈt͡saːr]

Noun

cár (plural cárok)

czar, tsar, tzar

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	cár	cárok
accusative	cárt	cárokat
dative	cárnak	cároknak
instrumental	cárral	cárokkal
causal-final	cárért	cárokért
translative	cárrá	cárokká
terminative	cárig	cárokig
essive-formal	cárként	cárokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	cárban	cárokban
superessive	cáron	cárokon
adessive	cárnál	cároknál
illative	cárba	cárokba
sublative	cárra	cárokra
allative	cárhoz	cárokhoz
elative	cárból	cárokból
delative	cárról	cárokról
ablative	cártól	cároktól

Possessive forms of cár
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	cárom	cárjaim
2nd person sing.	cárod	cárjaid
3rd person sing.	cárja	cárjai
1st person plural	cárunk	cárjaink
2nd person plural	cárotok	cárjaitok
3rd person plural	cárjuk	cárjaik

Derived terms

cári
cárné
cárnő

Related terms

cárevics
cárevna

Irish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kaːɾˠ/

Etymology 1

Noun

cár m (genitive singular cáir or cárach)

mouth (showing teeth); grin, grimace
(collective) teeth; set of teeth

Declension

Declension of cár

First declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun)

Case	Singular
Nominative	cár
Vocative	a cháir
Genitive	cáir
Dative	cár

Forms with the definite article:

Case	Singular
Nominative	an cár
Genitive	an cháir
Dative	leis an gcár don chár

Derived terms

cáraí m (“grinner, grimacer”)

Etymology 2

From cá +‎ -r.

Adverb

cár

where
Cár chodail tú aréir? ― Where did you sleep last night?

Cár chuala tú é sin? ― Where did you hear that?

Usage notes

Used only with the past tense of regular and some irregular verbs. Triggers lenition of a following consonant.

Particle

cár (copular form used before a consonant, present/future form used before a vowel cárb, past/conditional form used before a vowel cárbh)

where is..., what is...
Cár locht ortsa é? ― What fault is it of yours?
where was/would be..., what was/would be
Cár thairbhe domsa é? ― What would it profit me?

Cár chás má dúirt sé é? ― What would it matter if he said it?

Related terms

Irish copular forms

Simple copular forms

Present/future
	Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative	Neg. inter.
Main clauses	is	ní	an	nach
Direct relative clauses	is	nach
Indirect relative clauses	ar, arb^v
Other subordinate clauses	gur, gurb^v		an	nach
Past/conditional
	Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative	Neg. inter.
Main clauses	ba, b’^v	níor, níorbh^v	ar, arbh^v	nár, nárbh^v
Direct relative clauses	ba, ab^v	nár, nárbh^v
Indirect relative clauses	ar, arbh^v
Other subordinate clauses	gur, gurbh^v		ar, arbh^v	nár, nárbh^v
Present subjunctive
	Affirmative	Negative
	gura, gurab^v	nára, nárab^v

Compound copular forms

Base word	Present/future	Past/conditional
má	más	má ba, má b’^v
ó (“since”)	ós	ó ba, ó b’^v
dá		dá mba, dá mb’^v
mura	mura, murab^v	murar, murarbh^v
cé	cér, cérb^v	cér, cérbh^v
cá	cár, cárb^v	cár, cárbh^v
de/do	dar, darb^v	dar, darbh^v
faoi	faoinar, faoinarb^v	faoinar, faoinarbh^v
i	inar, inarb^v	inar, inarbh^v
le	lenar, lenarb^v	lenar, lenarbh^v
ó (“from”)	ónar, ónarb^v	ónar, ónarbh^v
trí	trínar, trínarb^v	trínar, trínarbh^v

^v Used before vowel sounds

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
cár	chár	gcár
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

"cár" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.

Slovak

Etymology

From Russian царь (carʹ), from Proto-Slavic *cěsarjь, from a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from Latin Caesar.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈt͡saːr/

Noun

cár m (genitive singular cára, nominative plural cári, genitive plural cárov, declension pattern of chlap)

emperor of Russia
emperor of Bulgaria
czar, tsar, tzar

Declension

Declension of cár

	singular	plural
nominative	cár	cári, cárovia
genitive	cára	cárov
dative	cárovi	cárom
accusative	cára	cárov
locative	cárovi	cároch
instrumental	cárom	cármi

Derived terms

cárov
cárovič m
cárovná f
cárica f
cárik m
cársky
cárstvo n

References

cár in Slovak dictionaries at korpus.sk

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