Suqian

Suqian (simplified Chinese: 宿迁; traditional Chinese: 宿遷; pinyin: Sùqiān, IPA: [sû.tɕʰjɛ́n]) is a prefecture-level city in northern Jiangsu Province, China. It borders Xuzhou to the northwest, Lianyungang to the northeast, Huai'an to the south, and the province of Anhui to the west.

Suqian

宿迁市

Sutsien, Su-ch'ien
Prefecture-level city
Location of Suqian City (yellow) in Jiangsu
Suqian
Location of the city center in Jiangsu
Suqian
Suqian (Eastern China)
Suqian
Suqian (China)
Coordinates (Suqian municipal government): 33°57′47″N 118°16′30″E
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceJiangsu
Municipal seatSucheng District
Government
 • MayorWang Tianqi (王天琦)
Area
 • Prefecture-level city8,555 km2 (3,303 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Prefecture-level city4,730,000
 • Metro
735,000
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
  • 223800 (Urban center)
  • 223600, 223700, 223900 (Other areas)
Area code(s)527
ISO 3166 codeCN-JS-13
GDP¥193.6 billion (2011)
GDP per capita¥40,930 (2011)
Major NationalitiesHan
County-level divisions5
Township-level divisions115
License Plate Prefix苏N
Websitewww.suqian.gov.cn

History
"Tissang" (Suqian). Nieuhof: L'ambassade de la Compagnie Orientale des Provinces Unies vers l'Empereur de la Chine, 1665

Suqian was said to be the site of a military grain store built when the Emperor Yuan of Jin reigned. Thus, the former Xiaxiang county where the store located was renamed Suyu (宿預; means "prepared" or "usually prepared") in 405. Then the county was annexed by Xuzhou and renamed Suqian in 762 because the homophone "yu (豫)" as the given name of the Emperor Daizong of Tang was deemed to be ineffable.[1] The county was put under the jurisdiction of Huaiyang military prefecture during the Song dynasty, then was transferred to Pizhou after Jurchen's Jin took it. The county was administered by Huai'an military prefecture during 1272–75, but restored as a part of Pizhou afterwards. It was annexed by Xuzhou again in 1733.

The area was rife with banditry during the early years of the Republic of China. In Autumn 1917, six persons were executed as bandits in Suqian. "They cut off their arms, broke their legs, cut off their ears, punched out their eyes, skinned them, then cut off their heads, and finally cut out their hearts."[2] Suqian was put under the jurisdiction of Huaiyin in 1934. The county was converted as a county-level city in 1987, later was elevated to prefecture status in 1996.[3]

Luoma Lake

Geography

Suqian possesses the majority of Luoma Lake, which is a major lake in the Huai River basin.

Climate data for Suqian (Suyu District, 1981–2010 normals)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 5.1
(41.2)		 7.9
(46.2)		 13.2
(55.8)		 20.1
(68.2)		 25.5
(77.9)		 29.2
(84.6)		 30.7
(87.3)		 30.0
(86.0)		 26.4
(79.5)		 21.5
(70.7)		 14.2
(57.6)		 7.6
(45.7)		 19.3
(66.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 0.6
(33.1)		 3.2
(37.8)		 8.1
(46.6)		 14.7
(58.5)		 20.1
(68.2)		 24.4
(75.9)		 26.9
(80.4)		 26.1
(79.0)		 21.8
(71.2)		 16.2
(61.2)		 9.1
(48.4)		 2.9
(37.2)		 14.5
(58.1)
Average low °C (°F) −2.9
(26.8)		 −0.6
(30.9)		 3.6
(38.5)		 9.6
(49.3)		 15.1
(59.2)		 20.1
(68.2)		 23.7
(74.7)		 23.0
(73.4)		 17.9
(64.2)		 11.7
(53.1)		 4.8
(40.6)		 −0.9
(30.4)		 10.4
(50.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 23.1
(0.91)		 25.3
(1.00)		 39.9
(1.57)		 50.6
(1.99)		 74.1
(2.92)		 111.3
(4.38)		 237.9
(9.37)		 155.5
(6.12)		 89.5
(3.52)		 42.2
(1.66)		 33.4
(1.31)		 16.0
(0.63)		 898.8
(35.38)
Average relative humidity (%) 68 67 66 66 71 73 83 84 79 73 71 68 72
Source: China Meteorological Administration[4]

Demographics

By the end of 2016, Suqian had a recorded population of about 5.92 million and a resident population of about 4.88 million.[5]

Economy

Local Yanghe along with Moutai and Wuliangye, are the three biggest manufacturers of baijiu.[6] Besides, several domestic companies followed JD.com to site their call centres in Suqian.

Transport

Roads

Expressways

G2513 Huai'an–Xuzhou Expressway

Rail

Yanghe Station, known as Suqian Station on Suqian–Huai'an Railway is located in the south outskirt of Suqian.

Education

Suqian College is the single institution in Suqian providing bachelor's degree education.

Administration
Map including Suqian (labeled as SU-CH'IEN (SUTSIEN) (walled) 宿遷) (AMS, 1954)
See also: List of administrative divisions of Jiangsu

The prefecture-level city of Suqian administers 5 county-level divisions, including 3 counties and 2 districts.

These are further divided into 115 township-level divisions, including 111 towns and township, and 4 subdistricts.

Map
Subdivision Simplified Chinese Hanyu Pinyin Population (2010) Area (km2) Density (/km2)
City Proper
Sucheng District 宿城区 Sùchéng Qū 796,627 854 932.81
Suburban
Suyu District 宿豫区 Sùyù Qū 641,059 1,254 511.21
Rural
Shuyang County 沭阳县 Shùyáng Xiàn 1,538,054 2,298 669.30
Siyang County 泗阳县 Sìyáng Xiàn 830,502 1,418 585.68
Sihong County 泗洪县 Sìhóng Xiàn 909,311 2,731 332.95
Total 4,715,553 8,555 551.20

References
  1. 中国历史大辞典·历史地理卷 [The Great Encyclopaedia of Chinese history, Volume on Historical Geography]. Shanghai Cishu Press. 1996. pp. 838–839. ISBN 7-5326-0299-0.
  2. John Pollock (December 2010). A Foreign Devil in China. World Wide Publications. pp. 45–46. ISBN 978-1-59328-277-6.
  3. "Historical Evolution". Suqian Official Website.
  4. 中国气象数据网 - WeatherBk Data (in Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 2020-04-12.
  5. 人口构成-中国宿迁市人民政府官方门户网站. Suqian People's Government. Retrieved 2018-03-07.
  6. "Proof positive". The Economist. Retrieved 2018-02-08.
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