Purple Mountain (Nanjing)

Purple Mountain or Zijin Shan (Chinese: 紫金山; pinyin: Zĭjīn Shān; lit.: 'Purple-Gold Mountain') is located on the eastern side of Nanjing in Jiangsu province, China. It is 448.2 m[1] (1467 ft) high. Its peaks are often found enveloped in purple and golden clouds at dawn and dusk, hence its name.

Purple Mountain
Zijin Mountain
View from the Purple Mountain Observatory
Highest point
Elevation	448.2 m (1,470 ft) [1]
Coordinates	32°04′13″N 118°50′42″E
Geography
Purple Mountain Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu

A small mountain with an area of about 20 square kilometers (4,900 acres), Purple Mountain is a mountain related to many historical events of both ancient and modern China. It was originally known as Bell Mountain (traditional Chinese: 鐘山; simplified Chinese: 钟山; pinyin: Zhōngshān) and also became known as Mount Jiang (traditional Chinese: 蔣山; simplified Chinese: 蒋山; pinyin: Jiǎngshān) after Sun Quan named Jiang Ziwen, an Eastern Han official whose spirit was said to haunt the site, as the mountain's god during the Three Kingdoms era. The name Zijin (紫金) means "copper" - when copper is pure, it appears purple in color, so in Chinese, it is also called purple-gold. It is also named Mount Jinling (金陵山), due to its purple rocks. Jinling means "the mount of purple-gold". It is the origin of the nickname "Jinling" (金陵) of Nanjing. During the Ming dynasty, it was also called Mount Shenlie (神烈山).

More than 200 heritage and scenic tourist sites are now located in or around the mountain, including three national historical sites, nine provincial historical sites, and 33 prefectural historical sites. Located in or close to the hillside of the mountain, there are also about a dozen national research institutes and universities. The Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, the tomb of Sun Yat-sen, is located at the foot of the mountain.

Purple Mountain has 621 species of vascular plants, from 383 genera, 118 families (including 78 cultivated species).