Siberian Turkic languages

The Siberian Turkic or Northeastern Common Turkic languages, are a sub-branch of the Turkic language family. The following table is based upon the classification scheme presented by Lars Johanson (1998).[3]

Not to be confused with Siberian Tatar language.
Siberian Turkic
Northeastern Turkic
Geographic
distribution		Siberia
Linguistic classificationTurkic
Early form
Old Turkic
Subdivisions
  • North
  • South
Glottolognort2688  (North)[1]
sout2693  (South)[2]
Map showing the geographic distribution of the ten Siberian Turkic languages

Siberian Turkic languages by native speakers
Further information: Lists of endangered languages, List of endangered languages in Russia, and List of endangered languages in China

The Turkic languages are a language family of at least 35 [4] documented languages, spoken by the Turkic peoples. The number of speakers derived from statistics or estimates (2019) and were rounded:[5][6]

NumberNameStatusNative SpeakersMain Country
1 Yakut languageVulnerable400,000 Russia
2 Tuvan languageVulnerable300,000 Russia
3 Altai languageSeverely endangered60,000 Russia
4 Khakas languageDefinitely endangered50,000 Russia
5 Western Yugur languageSeverely endangered5,000 China
6 Shor languageSeverely endangered3,000 Russia
7 Dolgan languageDefinitely endangered1,000 Russia
8 Tofa languageCritically endangered100 Russia
9 Chulym languageCritically endangered50 Russia
Total Siberian Turkic languagesVulnerable800,000 Russia

Classification
Proto-Turkic Common Turkic Northeastern Common Turkic (Siberian) North Siberian
South Siberian Sayan Turkic
Yenisei Turkic
Chulym Turkic
Altai Turkic[12]
  • Altay Oirot and dialects such as Tuba, Qumanda, Qu, Teleut, Telengit
Old Turkic

Alexander Vovin (2017) notes that Tofa and other Siberian Turkic languages, especially Sayan Turkic, have Yeniseian loanwords.[13]

References
  1. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "North Siberian Turkic". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  2. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "South Siberian Turkic". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  3. Lars Johanson (1998) "The History of Turkic". In Lars Johanson & Éva Ágnes Csató (eds) The Turkic Languages. London, New York: Routledge, 81-125. Classification of Turkic languages at Turkiclanguages.com
  4. Dybo A.V., Chronology of Türkic languages and linguistic contacts of early Türks, Moscow, 2007, p. 766, "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2005-03-11. Retrieved 2005-03-11.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) (In Russian)
  5. https://www.ethnologue.com/
  6. https://glottolog.org/
  7. Deviating. Probably of South Siberian origin (Johanson 1998)
  8. Coene 2009, p. 75
  9. Coene 2009, p. 75
  10. Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World. Contributors: Keith Brown, Sarah Ogilvie (revised ed.). Elsevier. 2010. p. 1109. ISBN 978-0080877754. Retrieved 24 April 2014.CS1 maint: others (link) CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  11. Johanson, Lars, ed. (1998). The Mainz Meeting: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Turkish Linguistics, August 3-6, 1994. Turcologica Series. Contributor: Éva Ágnes Csató. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 28. ISBN 3447038640. Retrieved 24 April 2014.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  12. Some dialects are close to Kirghiz (Johanson 1998)
  13. Vovin, Alexander. 2017. "Some Tofalar Etymologies." In Essays in the history of languages and linguistics: dedicated to Marek Stachowski on the occasion of his 60th birthday. Krakow: Księgarnia Akademicka.


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