Old Anatolian Turkish
Old Anatolian Turkish[3] (Turkish: Eski Anadolu Türkçesi) is the stage in the history of the Turkish language spoken in Anatolia from the 11th to 15th centuries. It developed into Early Ottoman Turkish. It was written in the Arabic script. Unlike in later Ottoman Turkish, short-vowel diacritics were used.[4]
| Old Anatolian Turkish | |
|---|---|
| تُركجٔ | |
| Native to | Sultanate of Rum, Anatolian beyliks |
| Era | Arrived in Anatolia late 11th century. Developed into Early Ottoman Turkish c. 15th century[1] |
Turkic
| |
| Ottoman Turkish alphabet augmented with ḥarakāt[1] | |
| Official status | |
Official language in |  |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
1ca Old Anatolian Turkish | |
| Glottolog | None |
It had no official status until 1277, when Mehmet I of Karaman declared a firman in order to break the supremacy, dominance and popularity of Persian:[5]
Orthography
| Old Anatolian Turkish | Ottoman Turkish (Kamus-ı Türkî spelling) | Modern Turkish | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| گُزلٔر | گوزلر | Gözler | "Eyes" |
| دَدَ | دده | Dede | "Grandfather" |
| كُچُك | كوچك | Küçük | "Little" |
Alphabet
| Letter | Modern Turkish | Letter | Modern Turkish |
|---|---|---|---|
| ا | a, e, i | ص | s |
| ب | b | ض | d |
| پ | p | ط | t |
| ت | t | ظ | z |
| ث | s | ع | a |
| ج | c | غ | ğ, g |
| چ | ç | ف | f |
| ح | h | ق | k |
| خ | h | ك | k |
| د | d | ل | l |
| ذ | d, z | م | m |
| ر | r | ن | n |
| ز | z | و | o, ö, u, ü, v |
| ژ | j | ه | h |
| س | s | لا | la, le |
| ش | ş | ى | i, y, ı |
References
- Old Anatolian Turkish at MultiTree on the Linguist List
- "Kim Kimdir?� Biyografi Bankas� - FORSNET". Kimkimdir.gen.tr. Retrieved 13 October 2017.
- Excerpt from Britannica Entry "..so-called Old Anatolian Turkish.."
- Ergin, Muharrem, Osmanlıca Dersleri, BOĞAZİÇİ YAYINLARI, ISBN 975-451-053-9
- Yazıcı, Tahsin (2010). "Persian authors of Asia Minor part 1". Encyclopaedia Iranica.
Persian language and culture were actually so popular and dominant in this period that in the late 14th century, Moḥammad (Meḥmed) Bey, the founder and the governing head of the Qaramanids, published an official edict to end this supremacy, saying that: “The Turkish language should be spoken in courts, palaces, and at official institutions from now on!”
CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) - Culture and Tourism Ministry Karaman page (in Turkish) Archived August 11, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
- Tevârih-i Âl-i Selçuk
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