Mount Royal, Quebec

Town of Mount Royal, or TMR, was founded in 1912. It was created at the initiative of the Canadian Northern Railway. The town was designed by Frederick Todd, a planner who was heavily influenced by the likes of Ebenezer Howard and incorporated many aspects of the Garden City Movement as well some elements of the earlier City Beautiful movement into his design.[9] The plan was to build a model city at the foot of Mount Royal. The company bought 4,800 acres (1,900 ha) of farmland, and then built a rail tunnel under Mount Royal connecting their land to downtown Montreal. The profits from the venture helped finance the development of Canadian Northern's transcontinental railroad, which eventually became a significant constituent of the Canadian National Railway system. The town was designed by Canadian Northern's chief engineer, Henry Wicksteed, based loosely on Washington, D.C.

Plan of "Model City" and of the Mount Royal Tunnel

TMR has always been an upper-income community, and until the 1960s its population was majority Anglophone. This began to change after the Quiet Revolution, as francophones gained access to better-paying careers. The town became popular and today the community is 46% francophone and home to a significant Arab and Asian Canadian population.

On January 1, 2002, as part of the 2002–2006 municipal reorganization of Montreal, it was merged into Montreal and became a borough. However, after a change of government and a 2004 referendum, it was re-constituted as an independent town on January 1, 2006.

One notable feature of the town is the naming of some of its streets, and also its occasionally idiosyncratic numbering system. Some streets which pass through the town may thus bear two names (in whichever language). For example, Jean Talon Street, a large East-West thoroughfare crossing Montreal for kilometers, goes a few hundred meters through TMR under the name of Dresden Avenue, only to recover its Montreal name on the other side of the town. This situation has been recently addressed by putting the two names on the street signs. On these few hundred meters, TMR uses a house civic numbering totally different from that of Montreal on either side. This sort of change in the numbering system also occurs on smaller streets shared by both Montreal and TMR (for example, Trenton, Lockhart and Brookfield avenues, where the TMR numbering system decreases from East to West, only to jump from 2 to 2400 on the few meters of the street that still belong to Montreal.

Mont-Royal station serves many commuters to Downtown Montreal

Two main thoroughfares, Laird Boulevard and Graham Boulevard, cut across the borough diagonally and meet at Connaught Park, a green space located in the centre. Mount Royal Train Station, a commuter train station on the RTM Deux-Montagnes line is located to the east of this park. This line is now undergoing construction to upgrade it for the new REM network. Trains going through the Mount Royal Tunnel link the station to downtown Montreal in eight minutes. Both avenues end at Jean Talon Street and close to the highway.

TMR is surrounded on three sides by a highway, a fence and a rail line.

The highway is Metropolitan Boulevard, a major constituent of Autoroute 40. It was built as an elevated highway throughout, except when it passes through TMR (between Sainte Croix Avenue and L'Acadie Boulevard), since the Town council requested that it be built on the ground, in order to separate the town from the industrial area to the north.

A fence runs along the eastern border with Park Extension at L'Acadie Boulevard, a six lane thoroughfare. The stated purpose of the fence is to prevent children and house pets from running into the busy thoroughfare but some have contended that it was built to keep residents of the working-class Park Extension neighbourhood out of the town.[10][11]

The rail line is the last portion of Canadian Pacific's Adirondack subdivision. It originally ran through the northern part of the district of Côte-des-Neiges. However, when the town became part of Montreal on Jan 1, 2002, the part of Côte-des-Neiges north of rail line was incorporated into the Mount Royal borough. When the town demerged on Jan 1, 2006 this part, known as Glenmount, reverted to Côte-des-Neiges.

Note: Percentages may not add up to 100 percent due to rounding of data samples.

As of the census of 2001,[15] there were 18,682 people, 7,065 households, and 5,215 families residing in the town. The population density was 2,438.90/km². There were 7,267 housing units at an average density of 948.69/km². The racial makeup of the town was 84.51% White, 1.71% Black Canadian, 0.08% Aboriginal, 6.66% Asian Canadian, and 0.84% Latin American.

Languages

Knowledge of Official Languages (Statistics Canada: 2006,[16] 2001[17])

Language(s)	2016	2011	2006	2001
	Percentage (%)	Percentage (%)	Percentage (%)	Percentage (%)
Both English and French	78%	77.2%	77.6%	76.9%
English only	9.1%	9.9%	10.1%	11.6%
French only	11.2%	11.7%	11.1%	10.1%
Neither English nor French	1.6%	1.3%	1.2%	1.4%

The 2006 census found that, counting single responses only, French was spoken as a mother tongue by 43.9% of the population, which was a decrease from 46.4% in 2001. English was spoken as a mother tongue by a total of 21.8% of the population in 2006, which was a decrease from 26.2% in 2001. Counting single responses only, the next most common mother tongues were Arabic (7.3%), Greek (3.1%), Italian (3.0%), Armenian and Chinese (2.5% each), and Vietnamese (2.4%).[18]

Mother tongue	Population (2006)	Percentage (2006)	Population (2011)	Percentage (2011)	Population (2016)	Percentage (2016)
French	8,185	43.86%	8,475	44.04%	8,740	43.68%
English	4,060	21.76%	3,960	20.58%	3,705	18.52%
English and French	225	1.21%
English and a non-official language	210	1.13%
French and a non-official language	160	0.86%
English, French and a non-official language	55	0.29%
Arabic	1,355	7.26%
Greek	570	3.05%
Italian	555	2.97%
Armenian	465	2.49%
Chinese	460	2.47%
Vietnamese	445	2.38%
Romanian	280	1.50%
Spanish	155	0.83%
Persian	155	0.83%
Russian	145	0.78%
German	125	0.67%
Korean	95	0.51%
Polish	85	0.46%
Hungarian	80	0.43%
Tagalog	75	0.40%
Creole	60	0.32%
Tamil	60	0.32%
Gujarati	45	0.24%
Ukrainian	45	0.24%
Portuguese	40	0.21%
Hebrew	35	0.19%
Yiddish	35	0.19%
Bulgarian	30	0.16%
Czech	25	0.13%
Kurdish	25	0.13%
Slovak	25	0.13%

Home language (2006, 2011 and 2016)

Language	Population (2006)	Percentage (2006)	Population (2011)	Percentage (2011)	Population (2016)	Percentage (2016)
French	9,145	49.02%	9,070	47.14%	9,350	46.73%
English	6,375	34.17%	5,950	30.93%	5,585	27.91%
Both English and French	395	2.12%	385	2.00%	430	2.15%
Other languages	2,745	14.71%	3,020	15.70%	3,560	17.79%

The Commission scolaire Marguerite-Bourgeoys (CSMB) operates Francophone public schools.[20]

Secondary schools:

• École secondaire Mont-Royal
• École secondaire Pierre-Laporte

Primary schools:

• École primaire Académie Saint-Clément
• École primaire Saint-Clément Ouest
• École primaire Saint-Clément Est

The English Montreal School Board (EMSB) operates Anglophone public schools in the town.

• Carlyle Elementary School[21]
• Dunrae Gardens Elementary School[22]

The Town has its own library, Reginald J. P. Dawson Library, which is independent from the Montreal Library Network.

• List of enclaves
• List of former boroughs
• Montreal Merger
• Municipal reorganization in Quebec

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mont-Royal, Quebec.

• Official website
• Model City of Mount Royal. Canadian Register of Historic Places. Retrieved 5 February 2012.