List of Category 2 Australian region tropical cyclones
Category 1 is the lowest classification on the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale used to classify tropical cyclones, that have 10-minute sustained winds of 33–47 knots (61–87 km/h; 38–54 mph). As of 2020 tropical cyclones have peaked as Category 1 tropical cyclones in the South Pacific tropical cyclone basin, which is denoted as the waters surrounding Australia to the south of the equator, between 90°E and 160°E. The earliest tropical cyclone to be classified as a Category 1 tropical cyclone was Carmen. The latest was Harold which was classified as a Category 1 tropical cyclone as it moved through the Solomon Sea.
Background
The Australian region tropical cyclone basin is located to the south of the Equator between 90°E and 160°E.[1] The basin is officially monitored by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, Papua New Guinea's National Weather Service as well as Indonesia's Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika. Other meteorological services such as the Fiji Meteorological Service, the New Zealand MetService, Meteo France as well as the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center also monitor the basin.[1] Within the basin a Category 1 tropical cyclone is a tropical cyclone that has 10-minute mean maximum sustained wind speeds of 33–47 knots (61–87 km/h; 38–54 mph) on the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale.[1][2] A named storm could also be classified as a Category 1 tropical cyclone if it is estimated, to have 1-minute mean maximum sustained wind speeds of between 64–82 knots (119–152 km/h; 74–94 mph) on the Saffir-Simpson hurricane wind scale.[1][3] However, this scale is not officially used in the Australian, however, various agencies including NASA also use it to compare tropical cyclones.[1] A Category 1 tropical cyclone is expected to cause some damage, if it significantly impacts land at or near its peak intensity.[2][3]
Systems
| Name | Dates as a Category 2 | Duration | Sustained wind speeds |
Pressure | Land areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Audrey | 7 – 14 January 1964 | Not Specified | 983 hPa (29.03 inHg) | Northern Territory, Queensland | Extensive | None | [4] | ||
| Dawn | 15–16 February 1970 | 12 hours | 100 km/h (60 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | New Caledonia | [5] | |||
| Gertie | 13–15 February 1971 | 48 hours | 100 km/h (60 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Queensland | [6] | |||
| Ida | 17–18 February 1971 | 24 hours | 100 km/h (60 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | New Caledonia | [7] | |||
| Lena | 14–18 March 1971 | 84 hours | 100 km/h (60 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | New Caledonia | [8] | |||
| Carlotta | |||||||||
| Wendy | |||||||||
| Belinda | |||||||||
| Ida | 30 May - 1 June 1972 | 36 hours | 100 km/h (60 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Solomon Islands, New Caledonia | [9] | |||
| Leila-Gertrude | |||||||||
| Roma | |||||||||
| Annie) | |||||||||
| Una | |||||||||
| Erica | |||||||||
| Fiona-Gwenda | |||||||||
| Vera | |||||||||
| Wanda | 20 – 25 January 1973 | 95 km/h (60 mph) | 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) | Queensland, New South Wales | $68 million | $50.4 million | None | [10] | |
| Yvonne | |||||||||
| Jenny (1974) | |||||||||
| Marcia (1974) | |||||||||
| Norah (1974) | |||||||||
| Penny (1974) | |||||||||
| Gloria (1975) | |||||||||
| Shirley (1975) | |||||||||
| Wilma (1975) | |||||||||
| Vida (1975) | |||||||||
| Clara (1975) | |||||||||
| Alice (1976) | |||||||||
| Dawn (1976) | |||||||||
| Harry (1976) | |||||||||
| Tom (1977) | |||||||||
| Sam-Celimene (1977) | |||||||||
| Gwen (1978) | |||||||||
| Brenda (1978) | |||||||||
| Hal (1978) | |||||||||
| Greta (1979) | |||||||||
| Ivan (1979) | |||||||||
| Jane (1979) | |||||||||
| Kevin (1979) | |||||||||
| Tony (1979) | |||||||||
| Clara (1980) | |||||||||
| Ruth (1980) | |||||||||
| Unnamed (1980) | |||||||||
| Dan (1980) | |||||||||
| Eddie (1981) | |||||||||
| Cliff (1981) | |||||||||
| Bruno (1982) | |||||||||
| Daphne-Fifi (1982) | |||||||||
| Errol (1982) | |||||||||
| Graham (1982) | |||||||||
| Harriet (1982) | |||||||||
| Esther (1983) | |||||||||
| Sharon (1983) | |||||||||
| Tim (1984) | |||||||||
| Harvey (1984) | |||||||||
| Ferdinand (1984) | |||||||||
| Lance | 4 – 7 April 1984 | 110 km/h (70 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Queensland | N/A | N/A | None | [11] | |
| Monica (1984) | |||||||||
| Nigel (1985) | |||||||||
| Gertie (1985) | |||||||||
| Pierre (1985) | |||||||||
| Tanya (1985) | |||||||||
| Gretel (1985) | |||||||||
| Pancho (1986) | |||||||||
| Selwyn (1986) | |||||||||
| Tiffany (1986) | |||||||||
| Alison-Krisostoma (1986) | |||||||||
| Irma (1987) | |||||||||
| Damien (1987) | |||||||||
| Jason | 5 – 14 February 1987 | 110 km/h (70 mph) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | Northern Territory | N/A | N/A | None | ||
| Kay (1987) | |||||||||
| Agi | 8–16 January 1988 | 110 km/h (70 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Papua New Guinea, New Caledonia | N/A | N/A | None | [12] | |
| Barisaona (1988) | |||||||||
| Charlie | 21 February – 1 March 1988 | 95 km/h (60 mph) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Queensland | $270 thousand | $200 thousand | 1 | [13] | |
| Delilah | 28 December 1988 – 4 January 1989 | 100 km/h (65 mph) | 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) | New Caledonia, New Zealand | N/A | N/A | 2 | ||
| Meena (1989) | |||||||||
| Pedro (1989) | |||||||||
| Tina | 25 – 28 January 1990 | 95 km/h (60 mph) | 976 hPa (28.82 inHg) | Western Australia | Minor | Minor | None | [14] | |
| Nancy (1990) | |||||||||
| Walter-Gregoara (1990) | |||||||||
| Hilda (1990) | |||||||||
| Chris (1991) | |||||||||
| Daphne | 21 – 28 February 1991 | 110 km/h (70 mph) | 976 hPa (28.82 inHg) | Queensland, Northern Territory, Western Australia | None | None | None | ||
| Fifi | 15 – 20 April 1991 | 110 km/h (70 mph) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | Western Australia | $1.39 million | $1.03 million | 29 | ||
| Kelvin (1991) | |||||||||
| Elma (1991) | |||||||||
| Lisa (1991) | |||||||||
| Mark | 6 – 10 January 1992 | 100 km/h (65 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Queensland, Northern Territory | $4.7 million | $3.5 million | None | [15] | |
| Lena | 22 January – 2 February 1993 | 100 km/h (65 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | None | None | None | None | ||
| Roger | 12 – 21 March 1993 | 110 km/h (70 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Solomon Islands, New Caledonia | N/A | N/A | None | [16] | |
| Monty (1993) | |||||||||
| Willy (1994) | |||||||||
| Ethel | 7 – 13 March 1996 | 100 km/h (65 mph) | 982 hPa (29.00 inHg) | Queensland, Northern Territory | N/A | N/A | None | [17] | |
| Jenna (1996) | |||||||||
| Ophelia (1996) | |||||||||
| Fergus (1996) | |||||||||
| Phil (1996–97) | |||||||||
| Harold (1997) | |||||||||
| Nute (1997) | |||||||||
| Sid (1997) | |||||||||
| Les (1998) | |||||||||
| Nathan (1998) | |||||||||
| Cathy (1998) | |||||||||
| Pete (1999) | |||||||||
| Hamish (1999) | |||||||||
| Ilsa (1999) | |||||||||
| Steve | 27 February – 11 March 2000 | 110 km/h (70 mph) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | Northern Australia Western Australia | $121 million | $90 million | 1 | [18][19] | |
| Olga (2000) | |||||||||
| Hudah (2000) | |||||||||
| Vaughan (2000) | |||||||||
| Terri (2001) | |||||||||
| Alistair (2001) | |||||||||
| Alex-Andre | 26 – 31 October 2001 | 95 km/h (60 mph) | 984 hPa (29.06 inHg) | None | None | None | |||
| Bessi-Bako (2001) | 26 November – 5 December | 100 km/h (65 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | None | None | None | None | ||
| Bernie (2001–02) | |||||||||
| Bonnie (2002) | |||||||||
| Unnamed (2003) | |||||||||
| Craig (2003) | |||||||||
| Linda (2004) | |||||||||
| Fritz (2004) | |||||||||
| Nicky-Helma (2004) | |||||||||
| Grace (2004) | |||||||||
| Sally (2005) | |||||||||
| Daryl (2006) | |||||||||
| Kate (2006) | |||||||||
| Hubert (2006) | |||||||||
| Nelson (2007) | |||||||||
| Lee-Ariel (2007) | |||||||||
| Melanie (2007–08) | |||||||||
| Helen | 1 –7 January 2008 | 95 km/h (60 mph) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | Northern Territory | N/A | N/A | 1 | [20] | |
| Ophelia (2008) | |||||||||
| Rosie (2008) | |||||||||
| Durga | 20–26 April 2008 | 95 km/h (60 mph) | 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) | None | None | None | None | [21] | |
| Anika (2008) | |||||||||
| Dominic (2009) | |||||||||
| Jasper (2009) | |||||||||
| Olga (2010) | |||||||||
| Robyn (2010) | |||||||||
| Sean (2010) | |||||||||
| Abele (2010) | |||||||||
| Anthony (2011) | |||||||||
| Errol (2011) | |||||||||
| Grant (2011–12) | |||||||||
| Iggy (2012) | |||||||||
| Jasmine (2012) | |||||||||
| Koji-Joni (2012) | |||||||||
| Freda (2012) | |||||||||
| Tim (2013) | |||||||||
| Dylan (2014) | |||||||||
| Unnamed (2014) | |||||||||
| Bakung (2014) | |||||||||
| Stan (2016) | |||||||||
| Uriah (2016) | |||||||||
| 2015–16 Australian region cyclone season#Tropical Cyclone Tatiana (2016) | |||||||||
| Blanche (2017) | |||||||||
| Unnamed (2017) | |||||||||
| Dahlia (2017) | |||||||||
| Hilda (2017) | |||||||||
| Iris (2018) | |||||||||
| Penny (2018–19) | |||||||||
| Oma (2019) | |||||||||
| Ann (2019) | |||||||||
Notes
References
- RA V Tropical Cyclone Committee (October 11, 2018). Tropical Cyclone Operational Plan for the South-East Indian Ocean and the Southern Pacific Ocean 2018 (PDF) (Report). World Meteorological Organization. pp. I-4–II-9 (9–21). Archived from the original on October 12, 2018. Retrieved October 12, 2018.
- 2017/2018 Tropical Cyclone Season Summary of Alerts and Warnings Procedures for Fiji (PDF) (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. October 23, 2017. pp. 3 & 11. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 25, 2019.
- Schott, Timothy; Landsea, Christopher; Hafele, Gene; Lorens, Jeffrey; Taylor, Arthur; Thrum, Harvey; Ward, Bill; Willis, Mark; Zaleski, Walt (January 2, 2019). The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale (PDF) (Report). United States National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
- Tropical Cyclone Audrey (Report). Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Archived from the original on 13 September 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2018.
- "1970 Tropical Cyclone Dawn (1970041S14139)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
- "1971 Tropical Cyclone Gertie (1971042S17150)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
- "1971 Tropical Cyclone Ida (1971046S17158)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
- "1971 Tropical Cyclone Lena (1971072S13155)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
- "1972 Tropical Cyclone Ida (1972151S05156)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
- "Historical Disaster Statistics". Insurance Council of Australia. 2013. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
- "Tropical Cyclone Lance". Australian Bureau of Meteorology. 2012. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
- Unattributed (2010). "Tropical Cyclone Agi". Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 12 March 2011.
- "Tropical Cyclone Charlie". Australian Bureau of Meteorology. 2010. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
- Ready, Steve; Woodcock, Frank (2 June 1992). "The South Pacific and Southeast Indian Ocean tropical cyclone season 1989–90" (PDF). Australian Meteorological Magazine. 40: 111–121. Retrieved 25 December 2014.
- "Tropical Cyclone Mark". Australian Bureau of Meteorology. 2012. Retrieved 19 September 2012.
- Tropical Cyclone Roger. Australian Bureau of Meteorology (Report). Government of Australia. 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
- Tropical Cyclone Ethel. Australian Bureau of Meteorology (Report). Government of Australia. 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
- Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters. "EM-DAT: The Emergency Events Database". Université catholique de Louvain.
- "The Impact from Tropical Cyclone Steve". Tropical Cyclone Steve. Australian Bureau of Meteorology. 2001. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
- http://www.bom.gov.au/cyclone/history/pdf/helen.pdf
- Paterson, Linda (1 October 2008). Tropical Cyclone Durga (PDF) (Report). Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 24 October 2018.
External links
- World Meteorological Organization
- Australian Bureau of Meteorology
- Fiji Meteorological Service
- New Zealand MetService
- Joint Typhoon Warning Center
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