Vajiralongkorn

Maha Vajiralongkorn
มหาวชิราลงกรณ
King Rama X
Vajiralongkorn in 2017
King of Thailand
Reign 13 October 2016 – present[lower-alpha 1]
Predecessor Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX)
Heir presumptive Dipangkorn Rasmijoti
Regent Prem Tinsulanonda
(2016)
Prime Minister
Born (1952-07-28) 28 July 1952
Amphorn Sathan Residential Hall, Dusit Palace, Bangkok, Thailand
Spouse
Soamsawali Kitiyakara
(m. 1977; div. 1991)

Yuvadhida Polpraserth
(m. 1994; div. 1996)

Srirasmi Suwadee
(m. 2001; div. 2014)
Issue

With Soamsawali:
Princess Bajrakitiyabha

With Yuvadhida:
Juthavachara Vivacharawongse
Vacharaesorn Vivacharawongse
Chakriwat Vivacharawongse
Vatchrawee Vivacharawongse
Princess Sirivannavari

With Srirasmi:
Prince Dipangkorn Rasmijoti
Full name

Maha Vajiralongkorn Bodindradebayavarangkun Thai: มหาวชิราลงกรณ บดินทรเทพยวรางกูร

RTGS: Mahawachiralongkon Bodinthrathepphayawarangkun
House Mahidol (Chakri Dynasty)
Father Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX)
Mother Sirikit Kitiyakara
Religion Buddhism
Signature

Maha Vajiralongkorn Bodindradebayavarangkun (Thai: มหาวชิราลงกรณ บดินทรเทพยวรางกูร, RTGS: Mahawachiralongkon Bodinthrathepphayawarangkun, pronounced [māhǎːwát͡ɕʰírāːlōŋkɔ̄ːn bɔ̄ːdīntʰrátʰêːppʰājáwárāːŋkūːn] ( listen); born 28 July 1952)[3] is the King of Thailand since 2016.[1][lower-alpha 1] He is the only son of King Bhumibol Adulyadej and Queen Sirikit. In 1972, at the age of 20, he was made crown prince by his father. After his father's death on 13 October 2016, he was expected to succeed to the throne of Thailand but asked for time to mourn before taking the throne.[4]

He accepted the throne on the night of 1 December 2016. His father was cremated on 26 October 2017.[5][6][7] As of July 2018, his coronation is yet to be held.[8] The Thai government retroactively declared his reign to have begun on 13 October 2016, upon his father's death.[9] As the tenth monarch of the Chakri dynasty, he is also styled as Rama X. Aged 64 at that time, Vajiralongkorn became the oldest Thai monarch to ascend to the throne.

Early life and education

Prince Vajiralongkorn in 1957
The Royal Family, 1966. Vajiralongkorn stands at far right.

Maha Vajiralongkorn was born on 28 July 1952 at 17:45[10] in the Amphorn Sathan Residential Hall of the Dusit Palace in Bangkok. When the crown prince was one year old, Somdet Phra Sangkharat Chao Kromma Luang Wachirayanawong, the 13th Supreme Patriarch of Thailand of the Rattanakosin Era, gave the child his first name at birth,[11] "Vajiralongkorn Borommachakkrayadisonsantatiwong Thewetthamrongsuboriban Aphikhunuprakanmahittaladunladet Phumiphonnaretwarangkun Kittisirisombunsawangkhawat Borommakhattiyaratchakuman" (Thai: วชิราลงกรณ บรมจักรยาดิศรสันตติวงศ เทเวศรธำรงสุบริบาล อภิคุณูประการมหิตลาดุลเดช ภูมิพลนเรศวรางกูร กิตติสิริสมบูรณ์สวางควัฒน์ บรมขัตติยราชกุมาร). He is the only son, the second of the four children of King Bhumibol Adulyadej and Queen Sirikit.

Vajiralongkorn began his education in 1956, when he entered kindergarten at the Chitralada School in Dusit Palace. After completing Mathayom 1 (grade seven), he was sent to be educated at independent schools in the United Kingdom, first at a prep school, King's Mead, Seaford, Sussex, and then at Millfield School, in Somerset,[12] where he completed his secondary education in July 1970.[13] In August 1970, he attended a five-week military training course at The King's School, in Sydney, Australia.[13]

In 1972, the prince enrolled at the Royal Military College, Duntroon in Canberra, Australia. His education at Duntroon was divided into two parts, military training by the Australian Army and a bachelor's degree course under the auspices of the University of New South Wales. He graduated in 1976 as a newly commissioned lieutenant with a liberal arts degree.[13]

In 1982 he completed a second bachelor's degree in law with second-class honours at Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University.[13]

Heir apparent and social interest

Vajiralongkorn was proclaimed crown prince on 28 December 1972 at 12:23 in the Ananta Samakhom Throne Hall, making him the third crown prince of the Chakri Dynasty.[11] An excerpt from the royal command to establish the title of His Royal Highness Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn,[14] reads:

As stated in the bliss or the royal statutes of the country, when a Royal Prince who is destined to be heir to the throne is mature, the King shall graciously bestow the rank upon him of Somdet Phra Yupharat Mongkutratchakuman. At this present time, all people including citizens of nations all over the world shall accept and acclaim that His Royal Highness Prince Vajiralongkorn shall to succeed to the throne of the Kingdom. When His Royal Highness Prince is mature, at the time that he shall be established as heir to the throne, tradition and a royal tradition Kattii ceremony should be observed, consistent with the citizens and all leaders of the country of all sides. Therefore, His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej hereby decrees for His Royal Highness Prince Vajiralongkorn to be His Royal Highness Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn in accordance with the name written in the Supannabhat as: Somdet Phra Boromma-orasathirat Chao Fa Maha Vajiralongkorn Bodindradebayavarangkun Sirikittayasombunsawangwat Worakhuttiyarajsantiwong Mahitalaphong Adulayadet Chakkrinaresyuppharajvisut Sayammakutratchakuman

He had taken up his duties while serving in the Royal Thai Armed Forces, including frequent provincial tours and representing King Bhumibol at a wide variety of official functions and ceremonies before he ascended the throne.

Short-term monastic life

On 6 November 1978, the prince was ordained as a monk at Wat Phra Sri Rattana Satsadaram (Temple of the Emerald Buddha), at age 26. As is traditional for royals, he stayed at Wat Bowonniwet Vihara for 15 days and under the monastic name "Vajiralongkornno".[15]

Military training and career

His Royal Highness Vajiralongkorn of Thailand climbs out of the cockpit of an F-5E Tiger II aircraft
US Deputy Secretary of Defense Paul Wolfowitz (right) escorts Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn through an honor cordon and into the Pentagon on 12 June 2003.

After completing his studies, Vajiralongkorn served as a career officer in the Royal Thai Army. He served as a staff officer in the Directorate of Army Intelligence and attended the Command and General Staff College in 1977. Vajiralongkorn trained for periods with the US, British, and Australian armed services, studying unconventional warfare and advanced navigation. He is a qualified fixed-wing and helicopter pilot. In 1978 he became head of the King's Own Bodyguard Battalion. Later that year he interrupted his military career to be ordained for a season as a Buddhist monk, as is customary for all Thai Buddhist men.[3]

Vajiralongkorn holds the ranks of Field Marshal (Chom Phon) in the Royal Thai Army, Admiral of the Fleet (Chom Phon Ruea) in the Royal Thai Navy, and Marshal of the Royal Thai Air Force (Chom Phon Akat) in the Royal Thai Air Force. He is qualified to pilot the Northrop F-5 and many other aircraft,[16] F-16,[17] and the Boeing 737-400.[13] At various times he engaged in actions for counter-insurgency purposes in north and northeast Thailand, as well as for protective purposes in areas around the then Cambodian refugee camps at Khao Lant, Trat Province. His military role in recent years has become increasingly ceremonial. As his father grew older, Vajiralongkorn took a more prominent part in royal ceremonial and public appearances. He officially opened the 2007 Southeast Asian Games, held in Nakhon Ratchasima.[18] The event occurred one day after the 80th birthday of his father.[19]

Medical and health care

Vajiralongkorn established "Crown Prince Hospitals" through funds donated by the public to serve as medical and health care centers for people living in remote areas. Crown Prince Hospitals had been set up in 21 locations in 1977. These hospitals had become major community hospitals providing services of international standard to the general public in 2011.[20]

Agricultural development

Vajiralongkorn (right) with his mother, Queen Sirikit

Also interested in agricultural development, Vajiralongkorn has accepted the "Mobile Agricultural Clinic Project" under his patronage. The project provides prompt services to farmers in order to enhance efficiency in farm production and solve farmers' problems. It provides experts in various agricultural fields who can advise farmers on plants, livestock, fisheries, and land development. He also offers suggestions on the tackling of agricultural problems, in addition to the application of agricultural technology to increase productivity and the improvement in the quality of agricultural production.[20]

Mobile Agricultural Clinic teams can move quickly to various spots in need of help. It has worked steadily and is ready to provide technical services and transfer technology. With this project, farmers have been urged to be aware of agricultural development and the application of new technology.[20]

In recent years Vajiralongkorn had represented the late King, Bhumibol Adulyadej, in presiding over the annual Royal Ploughing Ceremony, which is meaningful to Thai farmers. Aware of the importance of efficient agriculture for better productivity, Vajiralongkorn emphasized full-cycle agricultural activities, believing they will help improve the quality of life of farmers, who are traditionally considered the backbone of the nation.[20]

Focus on education

Vajiralongkorn has initiated education projects with the aim of improving children's access to quality learning and instilling the concept of lifelong learning.[21] He has special ties to the Rajabhat University system of 40 institutions of higher learning. The chairman of the Council of Rajabhat University Presidents of Thailand said that Vajiralongkorn has presided over commencement ceremonies at all Rajabhat Universities nationwide and personally handed out degrees to all Rajabhat university graduates every year since 1978. It is estimated that over the past 35 years at least 2,100,000 degrees have been handed out by the crown prince to Rajabhat graduates. In addition, every year he donates 42 million baht to a scholarship fund benefiting Rajabhat students.[21]

Sport Interest

"Mass bicycling events" Vajiralongkorn was once known as the 'Football Prince' but is now renowned for his involvement in cycling. King Rama X has also had shown keen interest in other sports since he was young. He learned horseback riding when he was about 11 years old and soon became a capable rider. While studying in Thailand and abroad, he played several sports with friends including football, rugby and rowing.

Vajiralongkorn also competed in sailing with King Bhumibol and sister Princess Ubolratana when they were staying at Klai Kangwon Palace in Hua Hin. A fine footballer, Vajiralongkorn first played as a forward and later became a centre-back at Chitralada School, Milfield School in England and the Royal Military College, Duntroon in Australia. His love for sports is obviously in his blood through his late father, King Bhumibol. [22]

Reign

Accession to the throne

According to the 2007 Constitution, the cabinet instructed the president of the National Assembly to invite Crown Prince Vajiralongkorn to the throne. He became the first monarch to be born in Thailand since Prajadhipok.[23] After his father, Bhumibol Adulyadej, died on 13 October 2016, Vajiralongkorn was expected to succeed to the throne of Thailand but asked for time to mourn before taking the throne.[4] On the night of 1 December 2016, the fiftieth day after the death of Bhumibol, Regent Prem Tinsulanonda led the heads of the country's three branches of government to an audience with Vajiralongkorn to invite him to ascend to the throne as the tenth king of the Chakri dynasty.[24] Vajiralongkorn accepted the invitation, saying in a televised statement: "I would like to accept in order to fulfil his majesty's wishes and for the benefit of all Thais."[25][26] The government retroactively declared his reign to have begun upon his father's death, but it would not crown him formally until after the cremation of his father.[25] He maintained his residence at the Amphorn Sathan Residential Hall,[27] where he was already living before his father's death.

Portrait of King Vajiralongkorn, EmQuartier, 2017

The appointment of members of the privy council

Following the resignation of the councillors to Bhumibol Adulyadej, Vajjiralongkorn appointed 10 members of the Privy Council. The command was issued under Section 2 of the 2014 interim constitution, completed with Sections 12, 13 and 16 of the 2007 constitution on the king which were retained and remain in effect. The remaining seven members are Surayud Chulanont, Kasem Wattanachai, Palakorn Suwanrath, Atthaniti Disatha-amnarj, Supachai Poo-ngam, Chanchai Likhitjitta and Chalit Pukbhasuk, with three new members, Paiboon Koomchaya, Dapong Ratanasuwan, and Teerachai Nakwanich. Prem Tinsulanonda was re-appointed Privy Council president by royal command.[28] On 13 December 2016, the King appointed two new members, Wirach Chinvinitkul and Charunthada Karnasuta.[29] On 25 December 2016, the King appointed one more new member, Kampanart Rooddit.[30] On 19 January 2017, Privy Councillor Chanchai Likhitjitta died at the age of 71.[31] The new appointments and the death of a member brought the total numbers of the Privy Council to 13.

Direct political interference

Thailand's military-backed parliament voted overwhelmingly in January 2017 to make amendments to the interim constitution so as to allow amendments to the draft constitution as suggested by the new king's office, a move likely to delay a general election scheduled for the end of the year. Critics said the new constitution would give the military a powerful political say for years or decades.[6] The 2017 Constitution of Thailand was approved in a referendum in 2016, and was endorsed by King Maha Vajiralongkorn on 6 April 2017, Chakri day, in a ceremony at the Ananta Samakhom Throne Hall.[32][6] Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha said the office of King Vajiralongkorn had asked for several changes to clauses related to royal power in the draft constitution, a rare intervention by a reigning Thai monarch.[33] After the death of King Bhumibol, political activity was paused during a period of mourning that ended in 2017, followed by the coronation of Vajiralongkorn and a general election.[6]

Vajiralongkorn also has direct control over the royal household and palace security agencies.[34]

Personal life

Monarchs of
the Chakri dynasty
Phra Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke
(Rama I)
Phra Buddha Loetla Nabhalai
(Rama II)
Nangklao
(Rama III)
Mongkut
(Rama IV)
Chulalongkorn
(Rama V)
Vajiravudh
(Rama VI)
Prajadhipok
(Rama VII)
Ananda Mahidol
(Rama VIII)
Bhumibol Adulyadej
(Rama IX)
Vajiralongkorn
(Rama X)

Public image, the media, and the law

King Vajiralongkorn's portrait on Ratchadamnoen Avenue

There is a strict, and strictly enforced, lèse majesté law in Thailand. Criticism of the king, queen, crown prince, and more recently, former kings, members of the royal family, and even their pets[35] has long been strictly prohibited, with large fines and prison sentences of up to 35 years being imposed. However, Vajiralongkorn's private life continues to be a controversial subject of discussion in Thailand, although not publicly. In the 10 January 2002 edition of the Far Eastern Economic Review (FEER), an article appeared suggesting that Vajiralongkorn had business ties with then-Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra. An immediate ban was placed on distribution of the magazine, and the Thai government, citing a threat to national security, suspended the visas of FEER's two Thailand correspondents, Shawn Crispin and Rodney Tasker.[36]

In 2002, The Economist wrote that "Vajiralongkorn is held in much less esteem (than the king). Bangkok gossips like to swap tales of his lurid personal life... Besides, no successor, however worthy, can hope to equal the stature King Bhumibol has attained after 64 years on the throne." This issue of The Economist was banned in Thailand. In 2010, another issue of The Economist, also not distributed in Thailand, said that Vajiralongkorn was "widely loathed and feared" and "unpredictable to the point of eccentricity",[37] while the online journal Asia Sentinel said that he was "regarded as erratic and virtually incapable of ruling";[38] the journal was blocked shortly thereafter.[39] In a diplomatic cable leaked by WikiLeaks, senior Singaporean foreign ministry official Bilahari Kausikan said that Vajiralongkorn had a gambling habit partly funded by exiled former prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra.[40]

On 12 November 2009, a home video was released to WikiLeaks, showing Vajiralongkorn casually dressed and Princess Srirasmi wearing only a G-string, all the while being attended to by several formally dressed servants, celebrating the birthday of the prince's poodle, Air Chief Marshal Fufu.[41][42][43] Part of this video was broadcast on the "Foreign Correspondent" programme on the Australian government's ABC TV channel on 13 April 2010, as part of a half-hour documentary critical of the royal family of Thailand.[44][45]

On 19 January 2009, Harry Nicolaides, an Australian national, was sentenced to three years in prison for self-publishing a fictional book deemed to have committed lèse majesté. The offending passage alluded to rumours that "if the prince fell in love with one of his minor wives and she betrayed him, she and her family would disappear with their name, familial lineage and all vestiges of their existence expunged forever".[46][47] The global news network CNN refused to air the passage.[48] Nicolaides was later pardoned by the king.[49]

In August 2011, the German judicial authorities in Munich impounded an aircraft, a Boeing 737, one of two belonging to Crown Prince Vajiralongkorn.[50] Administrators seized the aircraft because of a 20-year-old Thai government debt owed to a now-defunct German construction corporation for the Don Mueang Tollway, that had risen to some €30 million. German authorities, representing the corporation's interests in bankruptcy, stated the measure was a "last resort" in seeking repayment. The Thai government, which had not responded to German demands, called the move "highly inappropriate".[51][52] On 1 August, Vajiralongkorn's office announced he would pay the deposit amounting to €20 million himself.[53] One day later the Thai foreign minister Kasit Piromya confirmed that the Thai government would pay the deposit.[54]

In November 2016, Manager Magazin published a report stating that the new king could be issued with an inheritance tax bill in excess of €3.5 billion. According to the report, the new King is domiciled in Bavaria where he owns two villas and spends most of his time, which makes him subject to local inheritance tax.[55]

On 16 May 2017, Thai officials warned Facebook after an online video was posted of the king wearing a crop top and with full view of his half sleeve tattoo.[56] Imgur, the online image-sharing community and image host, has had many users pushing for the Google algorithm to be changed as this blocks such searches.

Marriage and issue

Family

On 3 January 1977, Vajiralongkorn married Princess Soamsawali Kitiyakara (born 1957), a first cousin on his mother's side. They had one daughter, Princess Bajrakitiyabha, born in 1978. Crown Prince Vajiralongkorn started living with actress Yuvadhida Polpraserth in the late-1970s and had five children with her. Although Princess Soamsawali had refused divorce for many years, Vajiralongkorn was finally able to sue for divorce in the Family Court in January 1993. In the court proceedings, Vajiralongkorn accused Princess Soamsawali of being completely at fault for the failed relationship. She was not able to refute the charges due to the prohibition against lèse majesté. The divorce was finalized in July 1993.[57] Princess Soamsawali and her daughter continue to play a significant role in royal ceremonies.

When Vajiralongkorn was introduced to Yuvadhida Polpraserth, she was an aspiring actress. She became his steady companion and gave birth to his first son, Prince Juthavachara Mahidol, on 29 August 1979. He later had three more sons and a daughter by her. They were married at a palace ceremony in February 1994, where they were blessed by the King and the Princess Mother, but not by the Queen. After the marriage, she was allowed to change her name to Mom Sujarinee Mahidol na Ayudhaya, signifying she was a commoner married to royalty. She was also commissioned as a major in the Royal Thai Army and took part in royal ceremonies with Vajiralongkorn. In 1996, two years after the wedding, Mom Sujarinee (as she was now known) decamped to Britain with all her children, while Vajiralongkorn caused posters to be placed all around his palace accusing her of committing adultery with Anand Rotsamkhan, a 60-year-old air marshal.[58] Later, the prince abducted the daughter and brought her back to Thailand to live with him. She was later elevated to the rank of princess, whilst Sujarinee and her sons were stripped of their diplomatic passports and royal titles. Sujarinee and her sons moved to the United States, and as of 2007, she was known as Sujarinee Vivacharawongse.[59]

Vajiralongkorn married a third time on 10 February 2001, to Srirasmi Suwadee (royal name: Akharaphongpreecha), a commoner of modest background who had been in his service since 1992. The marriage was not disclosed to the public until early 2005. She gave birth to a son, Prince Dipangkorn Rasmijoti, on 29 April 2005 and was then elevated to the rank of princess. Her son was immediately elevated to the rank of prince. In a magazine interview, Vajiralongkorn stated his intention to settle down.[60]

In November 2014, however, Vajiralongkorn sent a letter to the interior ministry asking for Princess Srirasmi's family to be stripped of the royal name Akharaphongpreecha awarded to her, following allegations of corruption against seven of her relatives.[61] The following month, Srirasmi relinquished her royal titles and the royal name and was officially divorced from Vajiralongkorn. She received 200 million baht (US$5.5 million) as a settlement. They had been married for 13 years.

Issue

Children of King Maha Vajiralongkorn Bodindradebpayavarangkun[59]
NameBirthNotes
By Soamsawali Kitiyakara (married 1977, divorced 1991)
Bajrakitiyabha7 December 1978
By Yuvadhida Polpraserth (married 1994, divorced 1996)
Juthavachara Vivacharawongse29 August 1979born as Juthavachara Mahidol
Vacharaesorn Vivacharawongse27 May 1981born as Vacharaesorn Mahidol
Chakriwat Vivacharawongse6 February 1983born as Chakriwat Mahidol
Vatchrawee Vivacharawongse14 June 1985born as Vatchrawee Mahidol
Sirivannavari Nariratana8 January 1987born as Busyanambejra Mahidol
By Srirasmi Suwadee (married 2001, divorced 2014)
Dipangkorn Rasmijoti29 April 2005

Titles, styles and honours

Titles

Styles of
King Maha Vajiralongkorn Bodindradebayavarangkun of Thailand
Reference style His Majesty
Spoken style Your Majesty
Alternative style Sir
  • 28 July 1952 – 28 December 1972: His Royal Highness Prince Vajiralongkorn of Thailand
  • 28 December 1972 – 13 October 2016: His Royal Highness The Crown Prince of Thailand
  • 13 October 2016 – Present: His Majesty The King of Thailand (temporary title prior to coronation).[62]
    • English translation: His Majesty King Maha Vajiralongkorn, Descended by Flesh and Blood of the Divine Indra, Overlord of all Angels.
Personal flag of Vajiralongkorn as Crown Prince
Royal Cypher of Vajiralongkorn as King

Military Rank

  • General, Admiral and Air Chief Marshal[63]

Volunteer Defense Corps of Thailand Rank

Honours

National honours

Foreign decorations

Ancestry

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 On 1 December 2016, Vajiralongkorn accepted the formal invitation to become king. He was declared king retroactively to the day of his predecessor and father's death on 13 October 2016. Prem Tinsulanonda acted as regent from that date.[1][2]

References

  1. 1 2 "Vajiralongkorn ascends the throne as King Rama X". Khaosod English. 2016-12-02. Retrieved 2016-12-02.
  2. ↑ Paddock, Richard (1 December 2016). "New King for Thailand as Crown Prince, Vajiralongkorn, Ascends to Throne". The New York Times. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  3. 1 2 "King Rama X Maha Vajiralongkorn". globalsecurity.org.
  4. 1 2 "Thai Prime Minister Prayuth says Crown Prince seeks delay in proclaiming him King". Coconut.co. Bangkok: Coconuts BKK. AFP. 2016-10-13. Retrieved 2016-10-14.
  5. ↑ Holmes, Oliver (26 October 2017). "Thailand grieves over former king at lavish cremation ceremony". The Guardian.
  6. 1 2 3 4 "Thai king's coronation likely by the end of 2017: deputy PM". Reuters. 21 April 2017. Retrieved 13 June 2017.
  7. ↑ Shawn W. Crispin, How stable is post-cremation Thailand?, Asia Times (December 6, 2017).
  8. ↑ Ono, Yukako (6 April 2018). "Thailand marches forward with issuance of new bank notes". Nikkei Asian Review. Retrieved 28 June 2018.
  9. ↑ Paddock, Richard C. (2016-12-01). "New King for Thailand as Crown Prince, Vajiralongkorn, Ascends to Throne". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2017-10-22.
  10. ↑ ราชกิจจานุเบกษา, ประกาศสำนักนายกรัฐมนตรี เรื่อง ให้หยุดราชการและชักธงชาติเนื่องในการที่พระราชกุมารประสูติ, เล่ม 69, ตอนที่ 49, 12 สิงหาคม พ.ศ. 2495, หน้า 2434
  11. 1 2 "Long Live the King: Childhood". Bangkok Post. 1 December 2016. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
  12. ↑ "Old Millfieldian Society – Overseas Branch Officials". Omsociety.com. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 "Long Live the King: Military Education". Bangkok Post. 1 December 2016. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
  14. ↑ "Set to fulfil his destiny". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
  15. ↑ "Long Live the King: the Upholder of Religions". Bangkok Post. 1 December 2016. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
  16. ↑ "Crown Prince is a qualified military pilot". Straits Times. 2016-11-30. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
  17. ↑ "Royal Thai Air Force F-16 Special Color Schemes". F-16 Aircraft Database. Retrieved 22 January 2010. Local S/N:10318 ; AF/Unit:RTAF; Aircraft:91-0067; Details: Wore a special camouflage scheme only worn by RTAF F-5s in the aggressor role. Instead of the regular USAF FY/N on the tail, there is no. 904.91. The markings below the cockpit indicate that this is the personal aircraft of Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn
  18. ↑ "Southeast Asian Games Open in Thailand". Voice of America. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  19. ↑ Lines, Chris. "Burma Wins Silver at Southeast Asian Games". The Irrawaddy. Associated Press. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  20. 1 2 3 4 "BIRTHDAY CELEBRATION OF HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS CROWN PRINCE MAHA VAJIRALONGKORN". Royal Thai Embassy to Singapore. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
  21. 1 2 Mala, Dumrongkiat (1 December 2016). "Crown Prince: Education key to progress". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
  22. ↑ King continues his father's legacy
  23. ↑ Kershaw, Roger (2001). Monarchy in South-East Asia: The faces of tradition in transition (1st ed.). London: Routledge. pp. 152–153. ISBN 0415243483.
  24. ↑ "Crown Prince becomes King". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
  25. 1 2 "Thai Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn proclaimed king". BBC News. 2016-12-01. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
  26. ↑ "Crown prince Vajiralongkorn becomes Thailand's new king". Aljazeera. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  27. ↑ "New Thai king receives Japanese emperor". Nikkei Asian Review. Retrieved 9 April 2017.
  28. ↑ "King appoints 10 members to his Privy Council". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 6 December 2016.
  29. ↑ "King appoints two new privy councilors". Thai PBS. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
  30. ↑ "Former assistant army chief appointed Thailand's new privy councillor". Xinhua News Agency. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
  31. ↑ "Privy Councillor Chanchai Likhitjitta dies". The Nation. Retrieved 19 January 2016.
  32. ↑ "King signs to promulgate new Constitution". Nation Multimedia Group. 6 April 2017. Retrieved 6 April 2017.
  33. ↑ "Thai parliament approves king's constitutional changes request, likely delaying elections". Reuters. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  34. ↑ "Thai king takes control of five palace agencies". businesstimes.com.sg. Retrieved 18 May 2017.
  35. ↑ Erin Hale (30 November 2016). "4 Facebook Posts That Can Get You Arrested In Thailand; section Make fun of the King's dog; fined 500,000 baht with 86 days in prison". Forbes. Retrieved 13 June 2017.
  36. ↑ Duncan. McCargo, Media and Politics in Pacific Asia, page 146
  37. ↑ "As father fades, his children fight". The Economist. 18 March 2010.
  38. ↑ More Lèse majesté Charges in Thailand Asia Sentinel, 1 April 2010
  39. ↑ Thailand – Grenade attacks and online censorship amid mounting political tension Archived 22 August 2010 at the Wayback Machine. FromTheOld, 30 March 2010
  40. ↑ Dorling, Philip; McKenzie, Nick (12 December 2010). "Top Singapore officials trash the neighbours". The Sydney Morning Herald.
  41. ↑ "Suppressed video of Thai Crown Prince and Princess at decadent dog party". WikiLeaks.
  42. ↑ Gordon Rayner (4 February 2011). "WikiLeaks cables: Thailand's royal pet". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 7 January 2014. Retrieved 7 January 2014. An experienced diplomat should be able to greet anyone from a king to a despot, but nothing could prepare one US ambassador for the experience of meeting a military officer that happened to be a poodle.
  43. ↑ "WikiLeaks cables reveal scandal and disease in Thai royal family", The Australian, 24 June 2011, retrieved 18 February 2012
  44. ↑ "Foreign Correspondent". Abc.net.au. 2012-07-31. Retrieved 2017-01-10.
  45. ↑ "Video: ABC Foreign Correspondent on the Thai monarchy ~ Frequency". archive.org. 3 March 2016. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 18 May 2017.
  46. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 16 September 2008. Retrieved 21 January 2009. , The Australian, 5 September 2008
  47. ↑ Thai court jails Australian novelist for three years over royal 'insult', The Scotsman, 19 January 2009
  48. ↑ Author jailed for insulting Thai king, CNN.com, 19 January 2009
  49. ↑ "Thailand frees Australian writer". BBC News. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
  50. ↑ "Thai Aircraft List29022555.xls". Department of Civil Aviation. Archived from the original on 28 January 2015. Retrieved 24 January 2015.
  51. ↑ "Germany Impounds Thai Prince Vajiralongkorn's Jet". BBC Online. 13 July 2011. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
  52. ↑ "Plane stupid: the damage is done". The Nation. 19 July 2011. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 20 July 2011. The Royal Thai Air Force (RTAF) confirmed the Thai government's contention that the RTAF in 2007 presented the Boeing 737 jet to the Prince for his personal use.
  53. ↑ "Is the dispute with Walter Bau coming to an end?". Bangkok Pundit. 2 August 2011. Retrieved 2 August 2011.
  54. ↑ "Government pays for Crown Prince's Boeing". Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. 2 August 2011. Retrieved 2 August 2011.
  55. ↑ "Bayern hofft auf Milliarden von Thailands Kronprinz". Manager Magazin. 2016-11-17. Retrieved 18 May 2017.
  56. ↑ Ives, Mike; Mozur, Paul (16 May 2017). "Thailand Warns Facebook After Video Seems to Show King in Crop Top". New York Times. Retrieved 18 May 2017.
  57. ↑ Nonthaburi Family Court, Documents of Case #79/2536, 14 January 2007
  58. ↑ Christy Campbell (20 October 1996). "Adultery princess casts shadow on untouchables". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 24 October 1996. Retrieved 20 July 2011. When the Queen and Prince Philip arrive in Bangkok next week to begin their state visit to Thailand they will find sanctuary from media salaciousness.
  59. 1 2 "Thailand's new king in profile". BBC. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
  60. ↑ "Simplicity, warmth win hearts", The Nation Archived 11 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine.
  61. ↑ "Thailand crown prince strips wife's family of royal name". BBC News. 29 November 2014. Retrieved 2 December 2014. It comes after seven of her close relatives were arrested in a purge of officials allegedly involved in corruption.
  62. ↑ "คำเฉลิมพระปรมาภิไธย". BBC Thailand (in Thai). BBC. 2016-12-01. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
  63. ↑ http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2535/D/018/1.PDF
  64. ↑ http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2535/D/055/1.PDF
  65. ↑ "Photographic image" (JPEG). Capelino.com. Retrieved 2017-01-10.
  66. ↑
  67. ↑ "Photographic image : Thai Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn Sits on the Royal Barge" (JPG). C7.alamy.com. Retrieved 2017-01-10.
  68. ↑ "Photographic image" (JPG). B.bimg.dk. Retrieved 2017-01-10.
  69. ↑ "State Banquet for the Malaysian King in Bangkok". 4 September 2013 – via YouTube.
  70. ↑ "Semakan Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang dan Pingat". Istiadat.gov.my. 2016-01-20. Retrieved 2017-01-10.
  71. ↑ "Photographic image : Fiancee of Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn" (JPG). C7.alamy.com. Retrieved 2017-01-10.
  72. ↑ "Photographic image" (JPG). Cdn3.i-scmp.com. Retrieved 2017-01-10.
  73. ↑ "Boletín Oficial del Estado" (PDF). Retrieved 2016-12-01.
  74. ↑ "Photographic image : Thai Banquet" (JPG). Cdn.c.photoshelter.com. Retrieved 2017-01-10.

Further reading

  • Handley, Paul M. (2006). The King Never Smiles. Yale University Press. ASIN B0015GUOPY.
  • Head, Jonathan (2016-10-16). "Thai king's death: Who holds power now?". BBC. Retrieved 2016-10-16.
Vajiralongkorn
Born: 28 July 1952
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Bhumibol Adulyadej		 King of Thailand
2016–present		 Incumbent
Heir presumptive:
Dipangkorn Rasmijoti
Thai royalty
Preceded by
Vajiravudh		 Crown Prince of Thailand
1972–2016		 Vacant
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.