Narisara Nuwattiwong

Chitcharoen
จิตรเจริญ
Prince of Siam
Prince Narisara Nuwattiwong
Minister of Treasury
In office 21 March 1892 – 23 December 1894
Predecessor Chaturonrasmi
Successor Srisiddhi Thongjaya
Minister of Defence
In office 1894 – 1899
Predecessor Phum Srichaiyant
Successor Thongkhongkonhyai
Commander of the Military Operation
In office 1896 – 1899
Predecessor Bhanurangsi Savangwongse
Successor Bhanurangsi Savangwongse
Commander of the Navy Department
In office 1898 – 1899
Predecessor Kachornchratwongse
Successor Prachak Silapakhom
Born (1863-04-28)28 April 1863
Grand Palace, Bangkok, Siam
Died 10 March 1947(1947-03-10) (aged 83)
Bangkok, Siam
Spouse Mom Ratchawong Pluem Siriwong
Mom Malai Sewatam
Mom Ratchawong To Ngon-rot
Issue
House Chitrabhongse family (Chakri Dynasty)
Father Mongkut (Rama IV)
Mother Phannarai

Prince Chitcharoen, the Prince Narisara Nuwattiwong (Thai: นริศรานุวัดติวงศ์RTGS: Naritsaranuwattiwong; 28 April 1863 – 10 March 1947), Prince Naris for short, né Chitcharoen (จิตรเจริญ), was a member of the royal family of Siam (now Thailand), minister, general and scholar. He was known for his artistic talents, and was a key figure in Thailand's industrial revolution during the reign of Rama V.

Early life

Prince Narisara Nuwattiwong was born on 28 April 1863 in Bangkok, Thailand. He was the son of Pannarai and King Rama IV (also known as King Mongkut). Prince Nuwattiwong was educated by Western missionaries who encouraged his interest in the fine arts.[1][2]

Career

Government Work

Prince Narisara Nuwattiwong was appointed as the Director of Public Works, Town and Country Planning for the Ministry of the Interior. He worked on Thailand's early urban planning and became an Art Advisor for the Royal Institute of Thailand. His other jobs included working for the Ministry of the Treasury, the Ministry of War, and the Ministry of the Palace. From 1892 to 1894, he served as Minister of the Treasury.

From 1894 to 1899, he was the Minister of War. During his tenure, the former Kalahom department (dating back to the 15th century) was radically modernised based on Western models. From 1896 to 1899, Prince Naris—who was both a general of the army and an admiral—additionally held the position of the Commander of the Department of Military Operation, the highest military position in the Siamese Army of that time. From 1898 to 1899 he was also the Commander of the Navy Department and therefore commanding officer of the Siamese Navy.[3]

Prince Naris served as Regent of Siam from 1934 to 1935, substituting for his nephew King Prajadhipok (Rama VII) who resided in England during the treatment of an eye condition. After Prajadhipok's definite abdication in 1935 and the choice of 9-year-old Ananda Mahidol as the new king, Naris declined the request to continue as regent, pointing to his old age.[4]

Designer

As Thailand began to modernize, it created its first European-style government ministries. Narisara was assigned to design the crest for these newly created ministries. Each crest he designed was different, representing the role of each group.[5]

Architecture

Wat Benchamabophit (the Marble Temple) was the first temple in Thailand to use marble in its construction. This temple has been described as a defining example of a modern Buddhist temple by the Western Ministries of Architecture.

The Wat Benchamabophit School is located next to the Wat Benjamabophit. Unlike the temple, the school was built in Western style. Phraubosotwatrachativas is another temple made of marble, but the style of this building combines Western and Thai styles. The temple contains oil paintings that were inspired by art found in Western medieval churches.

Musical compositions

Family

Prince Naris was married three times. His first wife was Mom Rachavongse Pluem Sirivongse (หม่อมราชวงศ์ปลื้ม ศิริวงศ์), with whom he had one daughter:

  • HSH Prince Pluemchit Chitrabongse (หม่อมเจ้าปลื้มจิต จิตรพงศ์)

After the death of his first wife, Prince Naris married Mom Malai Chitrabongse Na Ayudhaya (nee Sewatam) (หม่อมมาลัย เศวตามร์), with whom he had two sons:

  • HSH Prince Ai Chitrabongse (หม่อมเจ้าอ้าย จิตรพงศ์)
  • HSH Prince Charoenchai Chitrabongse (หม่อมเจ้าเจริญใจ จิตรพงศ์)

After the death of his second wife, the prince remarried one last time, marrying Mom Rachavongse To Ngon-rot (หม่อมราชวงศ์โต งอนรถ). They had a total of six children, of whom five were male:

  • HSH Prince Sam Chitrabongse (หม่อมเจ้าสาม จิตรพงศ์)
  • HSH Princess Pralomchit Chitrabongse (หม่อมเจ้าประโลมจิตร จิตรพงศ์)
  • HSH Princess Duangchit Chitrabongse (หม่อมเจ้าดวงจิตร จิตรพงศ์)
  • HSH Prince Yachai Chitrabongse (หม่อมเจ้ายาใจ จิตรพงศ์)
  • HSH Prince Phlao-rot Chitrabongse (หม่อมเจ้าเพลารถ จิตรพงศ์)
  • HSH Princess Konnika Chitrabongse (หม่อมเจ้าหญิงกรณิกา จิตรพงศ์)

Official title

His official title was "สมเด็จพระเจ้าบรมวงศ์เธอ เจ้าฟ้าจิตรเจริญ กรมพระยานริศรานุวัดติวงศ์" (Somdet Phra Chao Boromma Wong Thoe Chao Fa Chitcharoen Krom Phraya Naritsaranuwattiwong), which can be translated as "His Royal Highness Prince Chitcharoen, the Prince Narisara Nuwattiwong".

His full ceremonial title (before he was promoted to the rank of "Krom Phraya") was "สมเด็จพระเจ้าบรมวงศ์เธอ เจ้าฟ้ากรมพระนริศรานุวัดติวงศ์ มหามกุฏพงศ์นฤบดินทร ปรมินทรานุชาธิเบนทร์ ปรเมนทรราชปิตุลา สวามิภักดิ์สยามวิชิต สรรพศิลปสิทธิวิทยาธร สุรจิตรกรศุภโกศล ประพนธปรีชาชาญโบราณคดี สังคีตวาทิตวิธีวิจารณ์ มโหฬารสีตลัธยาศรัย พุทธาทิไตรรัตนสรณานุวัติ ขัตติยเดชานุภาพบพิตร" ("Somdet Phra Chao Boromma Wong Thoe, Chao Fa Kromma Phra Naritsaranuwattiwong, Maha Makutta Phong Narue Bodin, Paraminthranuchathiben, Paramen Ratcha Pitula, Sawamiphak Sayama Wichit, Sappha Sinlapa Sit Witthaya Thon, Sura Chittra Kon Suppha Koson, Praphontha Pricha Chan Boranna Khadi, Sangkhita Wathit Withi Wichan, Maholan Sitalatthayasai, Phutthathi Trai Rat Sarananuwat, Khattiya Dechanuphap Bophit").

Death

Naris died on 10 March 1947 from a stroke. His funeral was held publicly at Sanam Luang. His cremation pyre was similar to the royal funeral pyre of Ananda Mahidol.

References

  1. ↑ Ally Anumudu (11 December 2012). "The King and I". Prezi. Retrieved 27 February 2014.
  2. ↑ Wright, Michael. "Prince Naris – The Master of Thai Art".
  3. ↑ เจริญวงศ์, สุรศักดิ์. สมเด็จฯ เจ้าฟ้ากรมพระยานริศรานุวัคติวงศ์ – "สมเด็จครู" นายช่างใหญ่แห่งกรุงสยาม.
  4. ↑ Kobkua Suwannathat-Pian (2003). Kings, Country and Constitutions: Thailand's Political Development, 1932-2000. RoutledgeCurzon. p. 245. ISBN 0-7007-1473-1.
  5. ↑ Wright, Michael. "Prince Naris – The Master of Thai Art".
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