United States Senate elections, 1914
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34 of the 96 seats in the United States Senate 49 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Results including special elections Democratic gains Republican gains Democratic holds Republican holds | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The United States Senate elections of 1914, with the ratification of the 17th Amendment in 1913, were the first time that all seats up for election were popularly elected instead of chosen by their state legislatures. These elections occurred in the middle of Democratic President Woodrow Wilson's first term.
Gains and losses
Three seats held by Republicans were won by Democrats:
- California: Republican George Clement Perkins retired and was replaced by Democrat James D. Phelan.
- South Dakota: Republican Coe I. Crawford lost renomination and was replaced by Democrat Edwin S. Johnson.
- Wisconsin: Republican Isaac Stephenson retired and was replaced by Democrat Paul O. Husting.
One incumbent senator, not up for re-election, later changed from Progressive to Republican.
Senate Party Division, 64th Congress (1915–1917)
- Majority Party: Democratic (55 seats)
- Minority Party: Republican (41 seats)
- Other Parties: 0
- Total Seats: 96
Change in Senate composition
Before the elections
At the beginning of 1914.
| D1 | D2 | D3 | D4 | D5 | D6 | D7 | D8 | ||
| D18 | D17 | D16 | D15 | D14 | D13 | D12 | D11 | D10 | D9 |
| D19 | D20 | D21 | D22 | D23 | D24 | D25 | D26 | D27 | D28 |
| D38 Ran |
D37 Ran |
D36 Ran |
D35 Ran |
D34 | D33 | D32 | D31 | D30 | D29 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D39 Ran |
D40 Ran |
D41 Ran |
D42 Ran |
D43 Ran |
D44 Ran |
D45 Ran |
D46 Ran |
D47 Ran |
D48 Retired |
| Majority → | |||||||||
| R39 Ran |
R40 Ran |
R41 Ran |
R42 Retired |
R43 Retired |
R44 Retired |
P1 | V1 | D50 Retired |
D49 Retired |
| R38 Ran |
R37 Ran |
R36 Ran |
R35 Ran |
R34 Ran |
R33 Ran |
R32 Ran |
R31 Ran |
R30 Ran |
R29 Ran |
| R19 | R20 | R21 | R22 | R23 | R24 | R25 | R26 | R27 Ran |
R28 Ran |
| R18 | R17 | R16 | R15 | R14 | R13 | R12 | R11 | R10 | R9 |
| R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 | R6 | R7 | R8 | ||
Result of the general elections
| D1 | D2 | D3 | D4 | D5 | D6 | D7 | D8 | ||
| D18 | D17 | D16 | D15 | D14 | D13 | D12 | D11 | D10 | D9 |
| D19 | D20 | D21 | D22 | D23 | D24 | D25 | D26 | D27 | D28 |
| D38 Re-elected |
D37 Re-elected |
D36 Re-elected |
D35 Re-elected |
D34 | D33 | D32 | D31 | D30 | D29 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D39 Re-elected |
D40 Re-elected |
D41 Re-elected |
D42 Re-elected |
D43 Re-elected |
D44 Re-elected |
D45 Re-elected |
D46 Re-elected |
D47 Re-elected |
D48 Hold |
| Majority → | |||||||||
| R39 Hold |
R40 Hold |
R41 Hold |
P1 | V1 | D53 Gain |
D52 Gain |
D51 Gain |
D50 Hold |
D49 Hold |
| R38 Re-elected |
R37 Re-elected |
R36 Re-elected |
R35 Re-elected |
R34 Re-elected |
R33 Re-elected |
R32 Re-elected |
R31 Re-elected |
R30 Re-elected |
R29 Re-elected |
| R19 | R20 | R21 | R22 | R23 | R24 | R25 | R26 | R27 Re-elected |
R28 Re-elected |
| R18 | R17 | R16 | R15 | R14 | R13 | R12 | R11 | R10 | R9 |
| R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 | R6 | R7 | R8 | ||
Beginning of the next Congress
| D1 | D2 | D3 | D4 | D5 | D6 | D7 | D8 | ||
| D18 | D17 | D16 | D15 | D14 | D13 | D12 | D11 | D10 | D9 |
| D19 | D20 | D21 | D22 | D23 | D24 | D25 | D26 | D27 | D28 |
| D38 | D37 | D36 | D35 | D34 | D33 | D32 | D31 | D30 | D29 |
| D39 | D40 | D41 | D42 | D43 | D44 | D45 | D46 | D47 | D48 |
| Majority → | D49 | ||||||||
| R39 | R40 | R41 Change |
D55 Gain |
D54 Gain |
D53 | D52 | D51 | D50 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R38 | R37 | R36 | R35 | R34 | R33 | R32 | R31 | R30 | R29 |
| R19 | R20 | R21 | R22 | R23 | R24 | R25 | R26 | R27 | R28 |
| R18 | R17 | R16 | R15 | R14 | R13 | R12 | R11 | R10 | R9 |
| R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 | R6 | R7 | R8 | ||
Beginning of the first session
[Data unknown/missing.]
| Key: |
|
Summary of races
Special elections during the 63rd Congress
In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1914 or in 1915 before March 4; ordered by election date.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Alabama (Class 3) |
Vacant | Joseph F. Johnston (D) died August 8, 1913. Winner elected May 11, 1914. Democratic hold. |
√ Francis S. White (Democratic) Unopposed | ||
| Georgia (Class 2) |
William West | Democratic | 1914 (appointed) | Appointee retired. Winner elected November 4, 1914. Democratic hold. |
√ Thomas W. Hardwick (Democratic) 68.96% G. R. Hutchins (Progressive) 31.04%[1] |
| Kentucky (Class 3) |
Johnson N. Camden Jr. | Democratic | 1914 (appointed) | Interim appointee elected November 3, 1914. Winner did not run for the next term, see below. |
√ Johnson N. Camden Jr. (Democratic) Unopposed[2] |
Races leading to the 64th Congress
In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1915; ordered by state.
All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Alabama | Francis S. White | Democratic | 1914 (special) | Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic hold. |
√ Oscar Underwood (Democratic) 90.2% Alex Birch (Republican) 6.8% Adolphus Longshore (Progressive) 2.35% S. F. Hinton (Socialist) 0.64%[3] |
| Arizona | Marcus A. Smith | Democratic | 1912 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Marcus A. Smith (Democratic) 53.23% Don Lorenzo Hubbell (Republican) 18.95% Eugene W. Chafin (Prohibition) 15.05% Bert Davis (Socialist) 7.39% J. Bernard Nelson (Progressive) 5.38%[4] |
| Arkansas | James Paul Clarke | Democratic | 1903 1909 |
Incumbent re-elected in 1915. | √ James Paul Clarke (Democratic) 74.88% Harry H. Myers (Republican) 25.12%[5] |
| California | George Clement Perkins | Republican | 1893 (appointed) 1895 (special) 1897 1903 1909 |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic gain. |
√ James D. Phelan (Democratic) 31.59% Francis J. Heney (Progressive) 28.81% Joseph R. Knowland (Republican) 28.69% Ernest Unterman (Socialist) 6.41% Frederick F. Wheeler (Prohibition) 4.51%[6] |
| Colorado | Charles S. Thomas | Democratic | 1913 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Charles S. Thomas (Democratic) 40.3% Hubert Work (Republican) 38.99% Benjamin Griffith (Progressive) 10.69% J. C. Griffiths (Socialist) 5.51% George J. Kindel (Independent) 4.52%[7] |
| Connecticut | Frank B. Brandegee | Republican | 1905 (special) 1909 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Frank B. Brandegee (Republican) 49.77% Simeon Eben Baldwin (Democratic) 42.08% Herbert Smith (Progressive) 3.79% George Spiess (Socialist) 3.26% Frederick Platt (Prohibition) 0.75% Clarence Warner (Socialist Labor) 0.36%[8] |
| Florida | Duncan U. Fletcher | Democratic | 1909 (appointed) 1909 (special) |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Duncan U. Fletcher (Democratic) Unopposed[9] |
| Georgia | M. Hoke Smith | Democratic | 1911 (special). | Incumbent re-elected. | √ M. Hoke Smith (Democratic) 68.48% C. W. McClure (Republican) 31.52%[10] |
| Idaho | James H. Brady | Republican | 1913 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | √ James H. Brady (Republican) 43.89% James H. Hawley (Democratic) 38.14% Paul Clagstone (Progressive) 9.54% Calistus Cooper (Socialist) 7.29% W. M. Duthie (Prohibition) 1.14%[11] |
| Illinois | Lawrence Y. Sherman | Republican | 1913 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Lawrence Sherman (Republican) 38.46% Roger Charles Sullivan (Democratic) 36.76% Raymond Robins (Progressive) 19.99% Adolph Gernies (Socialist) 3.93% George Woolsey (Prohibition) 0.66% John M. Francis (Socialist Labor) 0.21%[12] |
| Indiana | Benjamin F. Shively | Democratic | 1909 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Benjamin F. Shively (Democratic) 42.14% Hugh T. Miller (Republican) 35.1% Albert J. Beveridge (Progressive) 16.81% Stephen N. Reynolds (Socialist) 3.36% Sumner Haynes (Prohibition) 2.15% James Matthews (Socialist Labor) 0.45%[13] |
| Iowa | Albert B. Cummins | Republican | 1908 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Albert B. Cummins (Republican) 48.19% Maurice Connolly (Democratic) 39.16% Otis Spurgeon (Independent) 5.73% Casper Schenk (Progressive) 3.53% I. S. McCullis (Socialist) 1.98% M. L. Christian (Prohibition) 1.41%[14] |
| Kansas | Joseph L. Bristow | Republican | 1909 | Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected.[15] Republican hold. |
√ Charles Curtis (Republican) 35.53% George A. Neeley (Democratic) 34.77% Victor Murdock (Progressive) 22.94% Christian B. Hoffman (Socialist) 4.82% Earle Delay (Prohibition) 1.94%[16] |
| Kentucky | Johnson N. Camden Jr. | Democratic | 1914 (appointed) 1914 (special) |
Interim appointee retired. New senator elected. Democratic hold. |
√ J. C. W. Beckham (Democratic) 51.89% Augustus E. Willson (Republican) 42.53% Burton Vance (Progressive) 4.15% H. J. Robertson (Socialist) 1.44%[17] |
| Louisiana | John Thornton | Democratic | 1910 (special) | Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic hold. |
√ Robert F. Broussard (Democratic) Unopposed[18] |
| Maryland | John W. Smith | Democratic | 1908 (special) 1908 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ John W. Smith (Democratic) 50.99% Edward C Carrington Jr. (Republican) 43.89% V. Milton Reichard (Progressive) 1.71% Charles Develin (Socialist) 1.51% Richard H. Holme (Prohibition) 1.46% Robert W. Stevens (Labor) 0.45%[19] |
| Missouri | William J. Stone | Democratic | 1903 1909 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ William J. Stone (Democratic) 50.41% Thomas J. Akins (Republican) 41.58% Arthur N. Sager (Progressive) 4.47% Thomas E. Greene (Socialist) 2.76% Orange J. Hill (Prohibition) 0.59% J. W. Molineaux (Socialist Labor) 0.2%[20] |
| Nevada | Francis G. Newlands | Democratic | 1909 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Francis G. Newlands (Democratic) 37.46% Samuel Platt (Republican) 37.27% Ashley G. Miller (Socialist) 25.28%[21] |
| New Hampshire | Jacob Gallinger | Republican | 1891 1897 1903 1909 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Jacob Gallinger (Republican) 51.66% Raymond Stevens (Democratic) 44.63% Benjamin F. Grier (Prohibition) 2.38% William H. Wilkins (Socialist) 1.34%[22] |
| New York | Elihu Root | Republican | 1909 | Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Republican hold. |
√ James Wadsworth (Republican) 47.04% James W. Gerard (Democratic) 42.06% Bainbridge Colby (Progressive) 4.56% Charles Edward Russell (Socialist) 4.07% Francis E. Baldwin (Prohibition) 2.05% Erwin Archer (Socialist Labor) 0.23% |
| North Carolina | Lee Slater Overman | Democratic | 1903 1909 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Lee Slater Overman (Democratic) 58.1% A.A. Whitener (Republican) 41.7% Henry J. Oliver (Socialist) 0.2%[23] |
| North Dakota | Asle Gronna | Republican | 1911 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Asle Gronna (Republican) 55.82% William E. Purcell (Democratic) 33.95% W. H. Brown (Socialist) 7.14% Sever Serumgard (Independent) 3.1%[24] |
| Ohio | Theodore E. Burton | Republican | 1909 | Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Republican hold. |
√ Warren G. Harding (Republican) 49.16% Timothy S. Hogan (Democratic) 39.6% Arthur Lovett Garford (Progressive) 6.31% E. K. Hitchens (Socialist) 4.93%[25] |
| Oklahoma | Thomas Gore | Democratic | 1907 (new state) 1909 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Thomas Gore (Democratic) 47.98% John B. Campbell (Republican) 29.44% W. D. Cope (Socialist) 20.99% Luther Kyle (Prohibition) 1.59%[26] |
| Oregon | George Chamberlain | Democratic | 1909 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ George Chamberlain (Democratic) 45.5% R. A. Booth (Republican) 35.95% William Hanley (Progressive) 10.68% Benjamin Ramp (Socialist) 4.34% H. S. Stine (Prohibition) 3.52%[27] |
| Pennsylvania | Boies Penrose | Republican | 1897 1903 1909 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Boies Penrose (Republican) 46.76% Gifford Pinchot (Progressive) 24.22% A. Mitchell Palmer (Democratic) 23.97% Frederick Whiteside (Socialist) 3.41% Madison Larkin (Prohibition) 1.58% A. S. Landis (Socialist Labor) 0.06%[28] |
| South Carolina | Ellison D. Smith | Democratic | 1909 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Ellison D. Smith (Democratic) 99.7% James H. Roberts (Socialist) 0.3% |
| South Dakota | Coe I. Crawford | Republican | 1909 | Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. Democratic gain. |
√ Edwin S. Johnson (Democratic) 48.32% Charles H. Burke (Republican) 44.47% E. P. Johnson (Socialist) 2.69% O. W. Butterfield (Prohibition) 2.42% H. L. Loucks (Independent) 2.11%[29] |
| Utah | Reed Smoot | Republican | 1903 1909 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ Reed Smoot (Republican) 49.08% James Moyle (Democratic) 46.33% J. F. Parsons (Socialist) 4.59%[30] |
| Vermont | William P. Dillingham | Republican | 1900 (special) 1902 1908 |
Incumbent re-elected. | √ William P. Dillingham, 56.05% Charles A. Prouty (Democratic) 42.69% James H. Canfield (Socialist) 1.23%[31] |
| Washington | Wesley Livsey Jones | Republican | 1909 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Wesley Livsey Jones (Republican) 37.79% William W. Black (Democratic) 26.57% Ole Hanson (Progressive) 24.12% Adam Barth (Socialist) 8.76% Arthur Caton (Prohibition) 2.77%[32] |
| Wisconsin | Isaac Stephenson | Republican | 1907 (special) 1909 |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic gain. |
√ Paul O. Husting (Democratic) 43.82% Francis E. McGovern (Republican) 43.5% Emil Seidel (Socialist) 9.67% Charles L. Hill (Prohibition) 3.01%[33] |
See also
Notes
- ↑ "GA US Senate - Special Election Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "Container Detail Page". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "AL Senate Race - Nov 08, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "AZ US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "AR US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "CA US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "CO US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "CT US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "FL US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "GA US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "ID US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "IL US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "IN US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "IA US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "BRISTOW, Joseph Little - Biographical Information". Bioguide.congress.gov. March 3, 1915. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "KS US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "KY US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "LA US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "MD US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "MO US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "NV US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "NH US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "NC US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "ND US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "OH US Senate Race - Nov 08, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "OK US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "OR US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "SD US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "CRAWFORD, Coe Isaac - Biographical Information". Bioguide.congress.gov. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "UT US Senate 2 Race - Nov 02, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "VT US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "WA US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ "WI US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
References
- "Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present". United States Senate – via Senate.gov.
- Byrd, Robert C. (October 1, 1993). Wolff, Wendy, ed. The Senate, 1789-1989: Historical Statistics, 1789-1992. United States Senate Historical Office (volume 4 Bicentennial ed.). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office – via Google Books.
- Cox, Harold (January 31, 2007). "Pennsylvania Election Statistics: 1682-2006". The Wilkes University Election Statistics Project. Wilkes University.
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