United States Senate elections, 1918

United States Senate elections, 1918
November 5, 1918[1]
32 of the 96 seats in the U.S. Senate
(as well as special elections)
49 seats needed for a majority

  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader Henry Cabot Lodge
(unofficial)		 Oscar Underwood
Party Republican Democratic
Leader since March 4, 1919 not official leader
Leader's seat Massachusetts Alabama
Seats before 44 52
Seats after 48 48
Seat change Increase 4 Decrease 4
Seats up 14 18
Races won 18 14
Results including special elections
     Democratic gains      Republican gains
     Democratic holds      Republican holds
Majority leader before election

Thomas S. Martin
(as Conference Chairman)
Democratic

 Elected Majority leader

Henry Cabot Lodge
(Unofficial)
Republican

The United States Senate elections of 1918[1] were held November 5, 1918 coinciding with the midpoint of Woodrow Wilson's second term as President of the United States. The Republican Party gained control with a slim 2-seat majority after picking up a net six seats. The change in control was particularly important, as it meant that the Republicans were in a position to deny entry of the United States into the League of Nations, the centerpiece of Wilson's post-war foreign policy. It was the first election in which all Class 2 senators were subject to direct election following the enactment of the Seventeenth Amendment, making them the final class under the old system.

Gains and losses

Republicans gained seven seats:

Democrats gained one seat:

Senate Party Division, 66th Congress (1919–1921)

Majority Party: Republican (49 seats)

Minority Party: Democratic (47 seats)

Other Parties: 0

Total Seats: 96

Source: United States Senate Official Website

Note: These numbers represent composition as result of 1918 Senatorial Elections. Actual composition often changes during term, due to deaths, resignations or party shifting.

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

Before the November 5, 1918 general election.

  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38
Ran		 D37
Ran		 D36
Ran		 D35
Ran		 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D39
Ran		 D40
Ran		 D41
Ran		 D42
Ran		 D43
Ran		 D44
Ran		 D45
Ran		 D46
Ran		 D47
Ran		 D48
Ran
Majority → D49
Ran
R39
Ran		 R40
Ran		 R41
Ran		 R42
Retired		 R43
Retired		 R44
Retired		 D52
Retired		 D51
Retired		 D50
Ran
R38
Ran		 R37
Ran		 R36
Ran		 R35
Ran		 R34
Ran		 R33
Ran		 R32
Ran		 R31
Ran		 R30 R29
R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8

After the general elections

  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38
Re-elected		 D37
Re-elected		 D36
Re-elected		 D35
Re-elected		 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D39
Re-elected		 D40
Re-elected		 D41
Re-elected		 D42
Re-elected		 D43
Re-elected		 D44
Hold		 D45
Hold		 D46
Hold		 D47
Hold		 D48
Gain
Majority with VP vote ↑
R39
Hold		 R40
Hold		 R41
Hold		 R42
Retired		 R43
Retired		 R44
Retired		 R45
Gain		 R46
Gain		 R47
Gain		 R48
Gain
R38
Re-elected		 R37
Re-elected		 R36
Re-elected		 R35
Re-elected		 R34
Re-elected		 R33
Re-elected		 R32
Re-elected		 R31
Re-elected		 R30 R29
R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8

After the special elections

  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D39 D40 D41 D42 D43 D44
Appointee elected		 D45
Appointee elected		 D46
Hold		 D47
Hold		 R49
Gain
Majority →
R39 R40 R41 R42 R43 R44 R45 R46
Hold		 R47
Hold		 R48
Appointee elected
R38 R37 R36 R35 R34 R33 R32 R31 R30 R29
R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8
Key:
D# Democratic
R# Republican

Complete list of races

Special elections during the 65th Congress

In these special elections, the winner was seated during 1918 or before March 4, 1919; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Wisconsin
(Class 3)		 Paul O. Husting Democratic 1914 Incumbent died October 21, 1917.
New senator elected April 2, 1918.
Republican gain.		 √ Irvine Lenroot (Republican)
Joseph E. Davies (Democratic)
Idaho
(Class 3)		 John F. Nugent Democratic 1918 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected November 5, 1918. √ John F. Nugent (Democratic), 50.5%
Frank R. Gooding (Republican), 49.5%[2]
Louisiana
(Class 3)		 Walter Guion Democratic 1918 (Appointed) Interim appointee retired.
New senator elected November 5, 1918.
Democratic hold.		 √ Edward James Gay Jr. (Democratic)
Unopposed[3]
Missouri
(Class 3)		 Xenophon P. Wilfley Democratic 1918 (Appointed) Interim appointee lost nomination.
New senator elected November 5, 1918.
Republican gain.		 √ Selden P. Spencer (Republican), 52.39%
Joseph W. Folk (Democratic), 46.29%
Caleb Lipscomb (Socialist), 1.16%
William Wesley Cox (Socialist Labor), 0.16%[4]
Nevada
(Class 3)		 Charles Henderson Democratic 1918 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected November 5, 1918. √ Charles Henderson (Democratic), 47.71%
Edwin E. Roberts (Republican), 31.5%
Anne Martin (Independent), 18.01%
Martin Scanlan (Socialist), 2.78%[5]
New Hampshire
(Class 3)		 Irving W. Drew Republican 1918 (Appointed) Interim appointee retired.
New senator elected November 5, 1918.
Republican hold.		 √ George H. Moses (Republican), 50.76%
John B. Jameson (Democratic), 49.24%[6]
New Jersey
(Class 2)		 David Baird Republican 1918 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected November 5, 1918. √ David Baird (Republican), 49.17%
Charles O. Hennessy (Democratic), 44.64%
James M. Reilly (Socialist), 3.82%
Grafton Day (Prohibition), 2.38%[7]
Oregon
(Class 2)		 Charles L. McNary Republican 1917 (Appointed) Interim appointee retired.
New senator elected November 5, 1918.
Republican hold.
Winner subsequently resigned so winner of the general election could be appointed early.		 √ Frederick W. Mulkey (Republican), 84.53%
Martha Bean (Socialist), 15.47%[8]
South Carolina
(Class 2)		 Christie Benet Democratic 1918 (Appointed) Interim appointee lost election.
New senator elected November 5, 1918.
Democratic hold.		 √ William P. Pollock (Democratic)
Unopposed

Elections leading to the 66th Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1919; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Alabama John H. Bankhead Democratic 1907 (Appointed)
1907 (Special)
1911 (Early)		 Incumbent re-elected. √ John H. Bankhead (Democratic)
Unopposed[9]
Arkansas Joseph Robinson Democratic 1913 Incumbent re-elected. √ Joseph Robinson (Democratic)
Unopposed[10]
Colorado John F. Shafroth Democratic 1913 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.		 √ Lawrence C. Phipps (Republican), 49.49%
John F. Shafroth (Democratic), 47.94%
P. A. Richardson (Prohibition), 2.58%[11]
Delaware Willard Saulsbury, Jr. Democratic 1913 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.		 √ L. Heisler Ball (Republican), 51.17%
Willard Saulsbury, Jr. (Democratic), 47.83%
William H. Connor (Socialist), 1%[12]
Georgia Thomas W. Hardwick Democratic 1914 (Special) Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected.
Democratic hold.		 √ William J. Harris (Democratic), 88.34%
G. H. Williams (Republican), 11.66%[13]
Idaho William Borah Republican 1907
1913		 Incumbent re-elected. √ William Borah (Republican), 67.21%
Frank L. Moore (Democratic), 32.79%[14]
Illinois J. Hamilton Lewis Democratic 1913 (Special) Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.		 √ Joseph M. McCormick (Republican), 50.5%
J. Hamilton Lewis (Democratic), 44.92%
William B. Lloyd (Socialist), 3.91%
John M. Francis (Socialist Labor), 0.34%[15]
Iowa William S. Kenyon Republican 1911 (Special)
1913		 Incumbent re-elected. √ William S. Kenyon (Republican), 65.4%
Charles Rollin Keyes (Democratic), 34.6%[16]
Kansas William Thompson Democratic 1913 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.		 √ Arthur Capper (Republican), 63.69%
William Thompson (Democratic), 33.73%
Eva Harding (Socialist), 2.58%[17]
Kentucky George B. Martin Democratic 1918 (Appointed) Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Democratic hold.		 √ Augustus O. Stanley (Democratic), 50.77%
Ben Bruner (Republican), 49.23%[18]
Louisiana Joseph E. Ransdell Democratic 1912 Incumbent re-elected. √ Joseph E. Ransdell (Democratic)
Unopposed[19]
Maine Bert M. Fernald Republican 1916 (Special) Incumbent re-elected September 9, 1918. √ Bert M. Fernald (Republican), 55.4%
Earl Newbert (Democratic), 44.6%[20]
Massachusetts John W. Weeks Republican 1913 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Democratic gain.		 √ David I. Walsh (Democratic), 49.67%
John W. Weeks (Republican), 45.07%
Thomas W. Lawson (Independent), 5.26%[21]
Michigan William Alden Smith Republican 1911
1913		 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Republican hold.		 √ Truman Handy Newberry (Republican), 50.19%
Henry Ford (Democratic), 48.47%
E. O. Foss (Socialist), 1.09%
William Faull (Prohibition), 0.26%[22]
Minnesota Knute Nelson Republican 1895
1901
1907
1913		 Incumbent re-elected. √ Knute Nelson (Republican), 60.05%
Willis Calderwood (Nationalist), 39.95%[23]
Mississippi James K. Vardaman Democratic 1912 Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected.[24]
Democratic hold.		 √ Pat Harrison (Democratic), 95.04%
Summer W. Rose (Socialist), 4.96%
Democratic hold[25]
Montana Thomas J. Walsh Democratic 1913 Incumbent re-elected. √ Thomas J. Walsh (Democratic), 41.07%
Oscar Lanstrum (Republican), 35.79%
Jeannette Rankin (Nationalist), 23.14%[26]
Nebraska George W. Norris Republican 1913 Incumbent re-elected. √ George W. Norris (Republican), 54.52%
John H. Morehead (Democratic), 45.49%[27]
New Hampshire Henry F. Hollis Democratic 1913 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.		 √ Henry W. Keyes (Republican), 53.54%
Eugene Elliott Reed (Democratic), 46.46%[28]
New Jersey David Baird Republican 1918 (Appointed)
1918 (Special)		 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Republican hold.		 √ Walter Evans Edge (Republican), 50.34%
George M. La Monte (Democratic), 43.23%
James M. Reilly (Socialist), 4.14%
Grafton Day (Prohibition), 1.62%
William J. Wallace (Single Tax), 0.66%[29]
New Mexico Albert B. Fall Republican 1912 (New state)
1912 (Long term)
Invalidated.
1913 (Long term)		 Incumbent re-elected. √ Albert B. Fall (Republican), 51.4%
William B. Walton (Democratic), 47.48%
W. P. Metcalf (Socialist), 1.12%[30]
North Carolina Furnifold Simmons Democratic 1901
1907
1913		 Incumbent re-elected. √ Furnifold Simmons (Democratic), 60.5%
John M. Morehead (Republican), 39.5%[31]
Oklahoma Robert L. Owen Democratic 1907
1913		 Incumbent re-elected. √ Robert Latham Owen (Democratic), 55.44%
W. B. Johnson (Republican), 40.73%
C. M. Greenland (Socialist), 3.83%[32]
Oregon Charles L. McNary Republican 1917 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected to the next term but not to finish the term.
Winner subsequently appointed to begin next term early when winner of the special election, see above, resigned.		 √ Charles L. McNary (Republican), 54.17%
Oswald West (Democratic), 42.3%
Albert Slaughter (Socialist), 3.53%[33]
Rhode Island LeBaron B. Colt Republican 1913 Incumbent re-elected. √ LeBaron B. Colt (Republican), 51.76%
George F. O'Shaunessy (Democratic), 46.24%
Frederick W. Hunt (Socialist), 2%[34]
South Carolina Christie Benet Democratic 1918 (Appointed) Interim appointee lost election.
New senator elected.
Democratic hold.		 √ Nathaniel B. Dial (Democratic)
Unopposed
South Dakota Thomas Sterling Republican 1913 Incumbent re-elected. √ Thomas Sterling (Republican), 55.07%
W. T. Rinehart (Democratic), 38.95%
Orville Rafferty (Independent), 5.98%[35]
Tennessee John K. Shields Democratic 1913 Incumbent re-elected. √ John K. Shields (Democratic), 62.17%
Henry Clay Evans (Republican), 37.83%[36]
Texas Morris Sheppard Democratic 1913 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. √ Morris Sheppard (Democratic), 86.69%
J. Webster Flanagan (Republican), 12.41%
M. A. Smith (Socialist), 0.9%[37]
Virginia Thomas S. Martin Democratic 1893 (Early)
1899 (Early)
1906
1912		 Incumbent re-elected. √ Thomas S. Martin (Democratic)
Unopposed[38]
West Virginia Nathan Goff, Jr. Republican 1913 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Republican hold.		 √ Davis Elkins (Republican), 53.53%
Clarence Wayland Watson (Democratic), 45.4%
D. M. S. Holt (Socialist), 1.06%[39]
Wyoming Francis E. Warren Republican 1890
1893 (Lost)
1895
1901
1907
1913		 Incumbent re-elected. √ Francis E. Warren (Republican), 57.77%
John Eugene Osborne (Democratic), 42.23%[40]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 There was a general election September 9, 1918 in Maine, as well as special elections in April and November 1918.
  2. ↑ "ID US Senate - Special Election Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  3. ↑ "LA US Senate - Special Election Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  4. ↑ "MO US Senate - Special Election Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  5. ↑ "NV US Senate - Special Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  6. ↑ "NH US Senate - Special Election Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  7. ↑ "NJ US Senate - Special Election Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  8. ↑ "OR US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  9. ↑ "AL Senate Race - Nov 03, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  10. ↑ "AR US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  11. ↑ "CO US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  12. ↑ "DE US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  13. ↑ "GA US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  14. ↑ "ID US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  15. ↑ "IL US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  16. ↑ "IA US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  17. ↑ "KS US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  18. ↑ "KY US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  19. ↑ "LA US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  20. ↑ "ME US Senate Race - Sep 09, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  21. ↑ "MA US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  22. ↑ "MI US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  23. ↑ "MN US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  24. ↑ Street, William B. (March 21, 1965). "The Man Who Invented The Redneck". The Commercial Appeal.
  25. ↑ "MS US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  26. ↑ "MT US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  27. ↑ "NE US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  28. ↑ "NH US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  29. ↑ "NJ US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  30. ↑ "NM US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  31. ↑ "NC US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  32. ↑ "OK US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  33. ↑ "OR US Senate - Special Election Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  34. ↑ "RI US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  35. ↑ "SD US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  36. ↑ "TN US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  37. ↑ "TX US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  38. ↑ "VA US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  39. ↑ "WV US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  40. ↑ 1919 Official Directory of Wyoming and Election Returns For 1918. W.E. Chaplin, Wyoming Secretary of State. pp. 36–37. Retrieved January 23, 2018.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.