List of southernmost items

The most southerly geographical features of various types are listed here.

Cities and settlements

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Capital (of an independent nation) Wellington, New Zealand 41°17′20″S 174°46′38″E / 41.28889°S 174.77722°E / -41.28889; 174.77722 (Wellington, New Zealand)
Permanent settlement of any sizeAmundsen–Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica 90°S 0°E / 90°S 0°E / -90; 0 (Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica)
Settlement capable of housing more than 1,000 people[1] McMurdo Station, Antarctica 77°51′S 166°40′E / 77.850°S 166.667°E / -77.850; 166.667 (McMurdo Station, Antarctica)
Town > 1,000 people Puerto Williams, Chile 54°56′S 67°37′W / 54.933°S 67.617°W / -54.933; -67.617 (Puerto Williams, Chile)
City > 50,000 people Ushuaia, Argentina 54°48′S 68°18′W / 54.800°S 68.300°W / -54.800; -68.300 (Ushuaia, Argentina)
City > 100,000 people Punta Arenas, Chile 53°10′S 70°56′W / 53.167°S 70.933°W / -53.167; -70.933 (Punta Arenas, Chile)
City > 250,000 people Christchurch, New Zealand 43°32′S 172°37′E / 43.533°S 172.617°E / -43.533; 172.617 (Christchurch, New Zealand)
City > 500,000 people Mar del Plata, Argentina 38°00′S 57°33′W / 38.000°S 57.550°W / -38.000; -57.550 (Mar del Plata, Argentina)
City > 1,000,000 people Melbourne, Australia 37°48′49″S 144°57′47″E / 37.81361°S 144.96306°E / -37.81361; 144.96306 (Melbourne, Australia)
City > 10,000,000 people Buenos Aires, Argentina 34°35′59″S 58°22′55″W / 34.59972°S 58.38194°W / -34.59972; -58.38194 (Buenos Aires, Argentina)

Geography

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Body of water (navigable) Bay of Whales, Ross Sea 78°30′S 164°20′W / 78.500°S 164.333°W / -78.500; -164.333
Land the Geographic South Pole, Antarctica 90°00′S 00°00′W / 90.000°S -0.000°E / -90.000; -0.000 (South Pole, Antarctica)
Land (excluding Antarctica) Thule Island, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 59°31′50″S 27°23′50″W / 59.53056°S 27.39722°W / -59.53056; -27.39722

Islands

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Any island (above sea level) Roosevelt Island, Antarctica 79°25′S 162°00′W / 79.417°S 162.000°W / -79.417; -162.000
Any island (with bare rock) Ross Island 77°50′S 166°40′E / 77.833°S 166.667°E / -77.833; 166.667
Any size excluding Antarctica Thule Island 59°27′S 27°18′W / 59.450°S 27.300°W / -59.450; -27.300
Island > 10,000 km2 excluding Antarctica Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, Argentina/Chile 55°02′S 56°27′W / 55.033°S 56.450°W / -55.033; -56.450
Island > 100,000 km2 South Island, New Zealand 46°40′S 169°00′E / 46.667°S 169.000°E / -46.667; 169.000
Coral atoll Elizabeth Reef, Australia 29°57′S 159°4′E / 29.950°S 159.067°E / -29.950; 159.067

Berkner Island is further south than any of these, but doesn't reach sea level and is fully ice covered and may be considered to be an undersea mountain.

Nature

Animals

Item Place Latitude/longitude
South polar skua seen at the South Pole[2] 90°00′S 00°00′W / 90.000°S -0.000°E / -90.000; -0.000 (South Pole, Antarctica)

Plants

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Flowering plants (in greenhouses) Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica[3] 90°00′S 139°16′W / 90.000°S 139.267°W / -90.000; -139.267 (Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica)
Grass and flowering plants (naturally occurring) Terra Firma Islands, Antarctica[4] 68°42′S 67°32′W / 68.700°S 67.533°W / -68.700; -67.533 (Terra Firma Islands)
Trees (naturally occurring) Hoste Island, Chile 55°20′S 68°50′W / 55.333°S 68.833°W / -55.333; -68.833 (Hoste Island)
Palms (nikau (Rhopalostylis sapida), naturally occurring) Chatham Islands, New Zealand[5] 44°02′S 176°26′W / 44.033°S 176.433°W / -44.033; -176.433 (Chatham Islands, New Zealand)

Education

Item Place Latitude/longitude
International Baccalaureate school John McGlashan College, Dunedin, New Zealand [6] 45°51′17″S 170°29′55″E / 45.85472°S 170.49861°E / -45.85472; 170.49861 (John McGlashan College in Dunedin)
University National University of Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia, Argentina[7] 54°48′57″S 68°19′04″W / 54.81583°S 68.31778°W / -54.81583; -68.31778 (Ushuaia, Argentina)
Kindergarten Puerto Williams,[8] Chile 54°55′59″S 67°37′00″W / 54.93306°S 67.61667°W / -54.93306; -67.61667 (Kindergarten in Puerto Williams)
Secondary school Puerto Williams, Chile[9] 54°55′59″S 67°37′00″W / 54.93306°S 67.61667°W / -54.93306; -67.61667 (Puerto Williams, Chile)
Primary school Escuela Nº 38 “Presidente Raúl Ricardo Alfonsín”, Esperanza Base, Antarctica[10] 63°24′S 57°00′W / 63.400°S 57.000°W / -63.400; -57.000 (Esperanza Base, Antarctica)

Science and technology

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Astronomical observatory South Pole Telescope, Antarctica 90°S 0°E / 90°S 0°E / -90; 0 (South Pole Telescope, Antarctica)
Permanent scientific
research station		 Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica 90°S 0°E / 90°S 0°E / -90; 0 (Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica)
Planetarium Otago Museum, Dunedin, New Zealand[11] 45°51′56″S 170°30′38″E / 45.865678°S 170.510471°E / -45.865678; 170.510471 (Otago Museum)
Nuclear power plant Atucha I, Argentina[12] 33°58′S 59°12′W / 33.967°S 59.200°W / -33.967; -59.200 (Atucha I Nuclear Power Plant, Argentina)
Atucha II, Argentina 33°58′S 59°12′W / 33.967°S 59.200°W / -33.967; -59.200 (Atucha I Nuclear Power Plant, Argentina)

Historical sites and archaeological findings

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Prehistoric archaeological site Yaghan people's Bahía Wulaia Dome Mittens,[13] Chile. 55°02′51″S 68°08′54″W / 55.04755°S 68.14835°W / -55.04755; -68.14835 (Bahía Wulaia Dome Mittens, Chile)

Transportation

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Airfield (permanent, no scheduled flights) Jack F. Paulus Skiway at Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica 89°59′22″S 1°0′0″W / 89.98944°S 1.00000°W / -89.98944; -1.00000 (Jack F. Paulus Skiway, Antarctica)
Seaport/Harbour Winter Quarters Bay, McMurdo Station, Antarctica[14] 77°51′S 166°40′E / 77.850°S 166.667°E / -77.850; 166.667 (McMurdo Station, Antarctica)
Airport (permanent, with scheduled flights) Guardiamarina Zañartu Airport, Puerto Williams, Chile 54°56′S 67°37′W / 54.933°S 67.617°W / -54.933; -67.617 (Guardiamarina Zañartu Airport)
International airport Ushuaia – Malvinas Argentinas International Airport, Ushuaia, Argentina 54°50′S 068°17′W / 54.833°S 68.283°W / -54.833; -68.283 (Ushuaia – Malvinas Argentinas International Airport)
Railway Southern Fuegian Railway (Ferrocarril Austral Fueguino) from Ushuaia to the Tierra del Fuego National Park in Argentina[15] 54°48′S 68°18′W / 54.800°S 68.300°W / -54.800; -68.300 (Ushuaia, Argentina)
Suspension bridge Bodie Creek Suspension Bridge, Falkland Islands [16] 51°51′14″S 59°01′04″E / 51.853912°S 59.017825°E / -51.853912; 59.017825 (Bodie Creek Suspension Bridge)

Recreation

Sport

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Bowling club Stewart Island Bowling Club, Oban, New Zealand[17] 46°53′57″S 168°07′43″E / 46.899224°S 168.128746°E / -46.899224; 168.128746 (Stewart Island Bowling Club)
Ski resort Cerro Castor, Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina[18] 54°43′S 68°00′W / 54.717°S 68.000°W / -54.717; -68.000 (Cerro Castor)
Golf club Ushuaia Golf Club, Ushuaia, Argentina[19] 54°49′52″S 68°25′02″E / 54.831183°S 68.417283°E / -54.831183; 68.417283 (Ushuaia Golf Club)

Religion

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Church (ice-made) permanent Catholic Church ice-made temple, Belgrano II Base, Antarctica[20][21] 77°52′S 34°37′W / 77.867°S 34.617°W / -77.867; -34.617 (Belgrano II Base, Antarctica)
Church (regular) Trinity Church, Antarctica (Russian Orthodox Church), King George Island, Antarctica[22] 62°12′S 58°58′W / 62.200°S 58.967°W / -62.200; -58.967 (King George Island, Antarctica)
Mormon church Puerto Williams, Chile[23] 54°56′S 67°37′W / 54.933°S 67.617°W / -54.933; -67.617 (Mormon church of Puerto Williams, Chile)
Cathedral El Sagrado Corazón, Roman Catholic Diocese of Punta Arenas, Punta Arenas, Chile[24] 53°10′S 70°56′W / 53.167°S 70.933°W / -53.167; -70.933 (Punta Arenas, Chile)
Hindu temple Centro Cultural y Templo Hindu, Punta Arenas, Chile[25] 53°10′S 70°56′W / 53.167°S 70.933°W / -53.167; -70.933 (Punta Arenas, Chile)
Mosque Southland Muslim Association, Invercargill, New Zealand[26] 46°24′S 168°23′E / 46.400°S 168.383°E / -46.400; 168.383 (Invercargill, New Zealand)
Synagogue Dunedin Synagogue, Dunedin, New Zealand[27][28] 45°52′S 170°30′E / 45.867°S 170.500°E / -45.867; 170.500 (Dunedin, New Zealand)
Buddhist stupa the Enlightenment Stupa at Portobello, Dunedin, New Zealand[29] 45°51′S 170°39′E / 45.850°S 170.650°E / -45.850; 170.650 (Portobello, New Zealand)
Sikh Gurdwara New Zealand Sikh Society (Wellington), Lower Hutt, New Zealand[30] 41°12′S 174°57′E / 41.200°S 174.950°E / -41.200; 174.950 (New Zealand Sikh Society)

Shops and service facilities

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Tourist office Puerto Williams,[31] Chile 54°55′59″S 67°37′00″W / 54.93306°S 67.61667°W / -54.93306; -67.61667 (Puerto Williams, Chile)
Restaurant Lodge Lakutaia,[32]Puerto Williams, Chile 54°56′12″S 67°36′47″W / 54.936789°S 67.613039°W / -54.936789; -67.613039
Cinema Jubany Base, Antarctic Peninsula 62°14′S 58°40′W / 62.233°S 58.667°W / -62.233; -58.667 (Jubany)
Public post office Port Lockroy, Goudier Island, Antarctica[33] 64°49′S 63°30′W / 64.817°S 63.500°W / -64.817; -63.500 (Port Lockroy, Antarctica)
Bar Faraday Bar,[34] Vernadsky Research Base, Antarctica 65°14′45″S 64°15′27″W / 65.245747°S 64.257391°W / -65.245747; -64.257391
Automated teller machine McMurdo Station, Antarctica[35] 77°51′S 166°40′E / 77.850°S 166.667°E / -77.850; 166.667 (McMurdo Station, Antarctica)

International brand names

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Airbnb rent Wulaia Ecodomos, Puerto Williams, Chile 54°56′20″S 67°40′40″W / 54.93889°S 67.67778°W / -54.93889; -67.67778
Mobil gas station Invercargill, New Zealand 46°25′46″S 168°21′42″E / 46.42944°S 168.36167°E / -46.42944; 168.36167 [36]
The Body Shop Dunedin, New Zealand 45°52′14″S 170°30′19″E / 45.87056°S 170.50528°E / -45.87056; 170.50528 [37]
H&M Christchurch, New Zealand 43°32′00″S 172°38′16″E / 43.53333°S 172.63778°E / -43.53333; 172.63778 [38]
Shell gas station Blackmans Bay, Tasmania, Australia 43°00′00″S 147°19′13″E / 43.00000°S 147.32028°E / -43.00000; 147.32028 [39]
7-Eleven Rosebud, Victoria, Australia 38°21′25″S 144°54′04″E / 38.35694°S 144.90111°E / -38.35694; 144.90111 [40]
ECCO Moorabbin, Melbourne, Australia 37°58′15″S 145°05′21″E / 37.97083°S 145.08917°E / -37.97083; 145.08917 [41]
IKEA Springvale, Melbourne, Australia 37°55′36″S 145°08′36″E / 37.92667°S 145.14333°E / -37.92667; 145.14333
Spar Monash, Canberra, Australia 35°25′01″S 149°05′54″E / 35.41694°S 149.09833°E / -35.41694; 149.09833 [42]
Yves Rocher Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 22°59′51″S 43°21′29″W / 22.99750°S 43.35806°W / -22.99750; -43.35806 [43]
Marks and Spencer Kuta, Bali, Indonesia 8°43′42″S 115°10′05″E / 8.72833°S 115.16806°E / -8.72833; 115.16806 [44]
Pull and Bear Kuta, Bali, Indonesia 8°43′00″S 115°10′08″E / 8.71667°S 115.16889°E / -8.71667; 115.16889 [45]
Bershka Kuta, Bali, Indonesia 8°42′59″S 115°10′08″E / 8.71639°S 115.16889°E / -8.71639; 115.16889 [46]
Stradivarius Kuta, Bali, Indonesia 8°42′59″S 115°10′08″E / 8.71639°S 115.16889°E / -8.71639; 115.16889 [47]

Franchised food brands

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Baskin-Robbins Camberwell, Melbourne, Australia 37°49′50″S 145°03′24″E / 37.830423°S 145.056742°E / -37.830423; 145.056742
Domino's Pizza Invercargill, New Zealand 46°24′37″S 168°20′49″E / 46.410355°S 168.347061°E / -46.410355; 168.347061
Starbucks Invercargill, New Zealand[48] 46°24′43″S 168°20′57″E / 46.411950°S 168.349075°E / -46.411950; 168.349075
Burger King Invercargill, New Zealand[49] 46°24′48″S 168°21′42″E / 46.413267°S 168.361750°E / -46.413267; 168.361750
KFC Invercargill, New Zealand 46°25′08″S 168°21′42″E / 46.418758°S 168.361609°E / -46.418758; 168.361609
McDonald's Invercargill, New Zealand[50] 46°25′15″S 168°21′41″E / 46.420921°S 168.361503°E / -46.420921; 168.361503
Subway Ushuaia, Argentina[51] 54°47′58″S 68°16′44″W / 54.799533°S 68.279024°W / -54.799533; -68.279024

Gardens, zoos and aquaria

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Penguin reserve Magdalena Island Penguin Reserve, Magdalena Island, Magallanes Region, Chile[52] 52°55′S 70°35′W / 52.917°S 70.583°W / -52.917; -70.583 (Magdalena Island, Chile)

Other

Item Place Latitude/longitude
UNESCO world heritage site (natural) Macquarie Island, Australia[53] 54°38′S 158°52′E / 54.633°S 158.867°E / -54.633; 158.867 (Macquarie Island, Australia)
UNESCO world heritage site (cultural) Cueva de las Manos, Argentina[53] 47°9′S 70°40′W / 47.150°S 70.667°W / -47.150; -70.667 (Cueva de las Manos, Argentina)
Opera house Opera House, Wellington, New Zealand 41°17′29″S 174°46′40″E / 41.2915°S 174.7778°E / -41.2915; 174.7778 (Wellington Opera House)
Vineyard Grasshopper Rock, Earnscleugh, Otago, New Zealand[54] 45°15′11″S 169°21′36″E / 45.253130°S 169.360105°E / -45.253130; 169.360105 (Grasshopper Rock)
Mussel farm Beagle Channel, Argentina[55] 54°52′32″S 68°08′11″W / 54.87556°S 68.13639°W / -54.87556; -68.13639
Brewery Cerveza Artesenal Beagle, Ushuaia, Argentina[56] 54°47′24″S 68°15′57″W / 54.789983°S 68.265745°W / -54.789983; -68.265745 (Cerveza Artesenal Beagle)
Lighthouse Monumental Cabo de Hornos, Hornos Island, Chile[57] 55°57′54″S 67°13′12″W / 55.96500°S 67.22000°W / -55.96500; -67.22000
Bell tower First Church of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand[58] 45°52′34″S 170°30′17″E / 45.8760°S 170.5047°E / -45.8760; 170.5047 (First Church of Otago)
Place of birth of a human (Emilio Marcos Palma (in 1978) and seven others) Esperanza Base, Antarctica[59] 63°24′S 57°00′W / 63.400°S 57.000°W / -63.400; -57.000 (Esperanza Base, Antarctica)
Cemetery Buromskiy Island [60] 66°32′S 93°0′E / 66.533°S 93.000°E / -66.533; 93.000 (Buromskiy Island Cemetery)

See also

References

  1. ↑ https://www.nsf.gov/pubs/1997/antpanel/4past.htm
  2. ↑ Skuas - Wildlife of Antarctica - Antarctic Connection Archived 2006-02-11 at the Wayback Machine.
  3. ↑ UA, Tempe company bring veggies to South Pole
  4. ↑ "Frozen Under." National Geographic Magazine.
  5. ↑ Bushmansfriend: Forest walks, Nature Photography & NZ Flora - Native Plant Information - New Zealand, native trees,natives,shrubs,information
  6. ↑ http://www.ibo.org/en/school/001178/
  7. ↑ "Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego »". UNTDF. Retrieved 2012-10-31.
  8. ↑ : : Dirección de Bienestar de la Armada de Chile : :
  9. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-02-27. Retrieved 2009-05-14.
  10. ↑ Page of Escuela Nº 38, province of Tierra del Fuego, department of Antártida Argentina
  11. ↑ World's southernmost planetarium opens in Dunedin
  12. ↑ Nucleoeléctrica Argentina (in Spanish)
  13. ↑ http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=18795
  14. ↑ Klein, Andrew G.; Kennicutt, Mahlon C.; Wolff, Gary A.; Sweet, Steve T.; Bloxom, Tiffany; Gielstra, Dianna A.; Cleckley, Marietta (2008). "The historical development of McMurdo station, Antarctica, an environmental perspective". Polar Geography. 31 (3): 119–144. doi:10.1080/10889370802579856. Winter Quarters Bay is the world's southernmost port.
  15. ↑ El Tren del Fin del Mundo: Official site
  16. ↑ {{cite web| url=http://text.fostlong-photography.com/Southern-most-Suspension-Bridge | title= Southern most Suspension Bridge |
  17. ↑ Stewart Island bowling green opened - the world's southernmost green?
  18. ↑ Cerro Castor: esquí en el Fin del Mundo Archived 2013-12-17 at the Wayback Machine. Revista Magna.
  19. ↑ At the imposing Patagonian geography, the perfect combination of challenge and contemplation.
  20. ↑ Church in ice cave at Belgrano II station, Antarctica Archived 2011-07-22 at the Wayback Machine.
  21. ↑ Mass at ice church in Belgrano II Base
  22. ↑ Cary Johnston, Sean Thomas (June 18, 2011). "Southernmost Russian Orthodox Church – comfort in the cold". RT.com. Retrieved October 10, 2010. ...This makes the Trinity Church the southernmost Russian Orthodox church on the planet.
  23. ↑ Find a Church
  24. ↑ Obispado de Punta Arenas
  25. ↑ Archived July 4, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.
  26. ↑ "Southland Muslim Association Inc, Invercargill, 9810, New Zealand - Islamic Centers, Masjids Mosques, Muslim Owned Businesses, Islamic Schools and Colleges". Islamicfinder.org. 2011-04-20. Retrieved 2013-10-19.
  27. ↑ NZ Jewish Archives - Temple Sinai Archived 2012-02-20 at the Wayback Machine.
  28. ↑ Google Books: The New Zealand Jewish Community By Stephen I. Levine
  29. ↑ Dhargyey Buddhist Centre Home Page
  30. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2017-05-10. Retrieved 2017-04-10.
  31. ↑ Archived January 30, 2006, at the Wayback Machine.
  32. ↑ The Most Southern Restaurants in the World
  33. ↑ Antarctic Heritage Trust
  34. ↑ Having A drink At The World’s Southernmost Bar
  35. ↑ Wells Fargo has an ATM in Antarctica
  36. ↑ "Find Esso stations"
  37. ↑ [https://www.thebodyshop.co.nz/stores "Store Locator New Zealand"
  38. ↑ "Store Locator"
  39. ↑ "Fuel Finder; Gas Station Locator"
  40. ↑ "Locator"
  41. ↑ [http://global.ecco.com/en/service/find-a-store# "Find a Store"
  42. ↑ "Store Locations and Catalogues"
  43. ↑ [http://storelocator.yves-rocher.com/en/south-america/brazil/rio-de-janeiro/rio-de-janeiro/barra-shopping/ "Yves Rocher Locator; Brazil"
  44. ↑ [https://corporate.marksandspencer.com/aboutus/m-and-s-today/international-map "International Stores"
  45. ↑ [https://www.pullandbear.com/sg/page/company.html "Stores Worldwide- Map"
  46. ↑ "Bershka Stores"
  47. ↑ "Locate a store- Stradivarius"
  48. ↑ Southern-most Starbucks draws tourist crowds
  49. ↑
  50. ↑
  51. ↑
  52. ↑ Penguins of Magdalena Island, Punta Arenas, Chile
  53. 1 2 World Heritage List and List of World Heritage Sites in the Americas
  54. ↑ The world's southernmost vineyard
  55. ↑ Giarratano E, Amin OA. "Heavy metals monitoring in the southernmost mussel farm of the world (Beagle Channel, Argentina)". Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 73: 1378–84. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.06.023. PMID 20638724.
  56. ↑ 101 Beer Experiences: Explore the edges of the world
  57. ↑ Lighthouses of Southern Chile
  58. ↑ This Way Up (17 December 2016). "Ring my bells!". Radio New Zealand.
  59. ↑ Times On Line article on Antarctica
  60. ↑ "List of Historic Sites and Monuments approved by the ATCM (2012)" (PDF). Antarctic Treaty Secretariat. 2012. Retrieved 2013-10-25.
  • Moore, D. M. (1983). Flora of Tierra del Fuego.
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