Sangolli Rayanna

Sangolli Rayanna
Krantiveera
Born Rayanna
(1798-08-15)15 August 1798
Sangolli, Kittur,Mysore State,British India
(Present-day Belgavi, Karnataka, India)
Died 26 January 1831(1831-01-26) (aged 32)
Nandagad, Belgaum,Mysore State,British India
(Present-day Karnataka, India)
Burial 26 January 1831
Nandgad, Khanapur Taluka, Belgaum District, Mysore State, British India
(Present day-Karnataka,India)
Full name
Sangolli Dodda Baramappa Balappa Rogannavar Rayanna
Father Dodda Baramappa Balappa Rogannavar
Occupation Military Chief

Sangolli Rayanna (15 August 1798 – 26 January 1831) was a prominent warrior from Karnataka, India. He was the army chief of the Kingdom of Kittur ruled at the time by Rani Chennamma and fought the British East India Company till his death. His life was the subject of the 2012 Kannada film Sangolli Rayanna.

Activities

Sangolli Rayanna was born in Kuruba tribe of sangolli village. He participated in the 1824 rebellion and was arrested by the British, who released him later. He continued to fight the British and wanted to install the adopted son of King Mallasarja and Rani Chennamma, namely Shivalingappa as the ruler of Kittur.[1] He mobilised local people and started a guerilla type war against the British.[1] He and his "army" moved from place to place, burnt government offices, waylaid British troops and plundered treasuries.[1] Most of his land was confiscated and what remained of it was heavily taxed. He taxed the landlords and built up an army from the masses. The British troops could not defeat him in open battle. Hence, by treachery, he was caught in April 1830 and tried by the British; and sentenced to death.[1] Shivalingappa, the boy who was supposed to be the new ruler, was also arrested by the British.[1]

Rayanna was executed by hanging unto death from a Banyan tree about 4 kilometers from Nandagad in Belagavi district on 26 January 1831.[2]

Rayanna was helped by Gajaveera, a Siddi warrior, in his revolt against the British in 1829-30.[3]

Rayanna was buried near Nandagad. Legend says that a close associate of Rayanna planted a (banayan) sapling on his grave. Unlike the usual 6 foot grave, Rayanna's grave is 8 feet long because Rayanna was tall - more than 7 feet. The tree is fully grown and stands to this day. An Ashoka Stambha was installed near the tree. A small temple in the name of Sangolli Rayanna was constructed at Sangolli village, in which stands a statue of Rayanna flanked by two wooden weights used for body building. One of the wooden weights is original, that is it was used by Rayanna himself for body building. A community hall, built in commemoration of Rayanna at Sangolli serves the villagers of Sangolli.

Ballads and other memorials

Statue of Sangolli Rayanna at Bangalore Karnataka

The Gee Gee songs (Ballad) are heroic folklore verses composed in North Karnataka[4] and several such songs are sung about Kittur Chennamma, Sangolli Rayanna and other figures of pre-independence Karnataka.[5] A life size bronze statue of Sangolli Rayanna, riding a horse with open sword in right hand, was installed near Railway station of Bangalore.[6] The main railway station of Bangalore City has been renamed as "Krantiveera Sangolli Rayanna Railway station" in 2015.[7] However the station officially re named and notified as "Krantivira Sangolli Rayanna" Railway Station on 03-02-2016[8]

Film

In 2012, a film was produced on his life history.[9] was the subject of another Kannada-language motion picture "Kraanthiveera Sangolli Rayanna" (Legendary Warrior Sangolli Rayanna), directed by Naganna and starring Darshan Thoogudeep, Jayaprada and Nikita Thukral.[9]

Place where Sangolli Rayanna was hanged by the British army.

Citations

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Gopalakrishnan(Editor), Subramanian; Gopalakrishnan, edited by S. (2007). The South Indian rebellions : before and after 1800 (1st ed.). Chennai: Palaniappa Brothers. p. 103. ISBN 9788183795005.
  2. ↑ R P, Sambasadashiva Reddy. "Miscellany". Deccan Herald, Bangalore. Retrieved 5 November 2012.
  3. ↑ Ali, Shanti Sadiq (1996). The African dispersal in the Deccan : from medieval to modern times. New Delhi: Orient Blackswan. p. 232. ISBN 9788125004851.
  4. ↑ Khajane, Muralidhara (8 April 2008). "We've come for your vote…". The Hindu. Retrieved 30 November 2012.
  5. ↑ Datta, Amaresh (Ed.) (1988). Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: devraj to jyoti, Volume 2. New Dehi: Sahitya Akademi. p. 1293. ISBN 9788126011940.
  6. ↑ "Sangolli Rayanna statue unveiled in City, at last". Deccan Herald, Newspaper. 28 September 2010. Retrieved 17 September 2015.
  7. ↑ "Bengaluru railway station to be named after Sangolli Rayanna". Deccan Harald, Newspaper. 1 May 2015. Retrieved 17 September 2015.
  8. ↑ http://www.scr.indianrailways.gov.in/view_detail.jsp?lang=0&id=0,5,268&dcd=7096&did=145449704189594354ECD102CEC97451280C24522002C.web91
  9. 1 2 Khajane, Muralidhara (31 October 2012). "Rajyotsava release for Sangolli Rayanna". The Hindu. Retrieved 30 November 2012.


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