Haimen

Haimen
海门市
County-level city
Nickname(s): The River Gateway to the Sea (江海门户)

Haimen in Nantong
Haimen
Location of the city center in Jiangsu
Coordinates: 31°52′08″N 121°10′55″E / 31.869°N 121.182°E / 31.869; 121.182Coordinates: 31°52′08″N 121°10′55″E / 31.869°N 121.182°E / 31.869; 121.182
Country People's Republic of China
Province Jiangsu
Prefecture-level city Nantong
Established (as a county) 958
Became independent subprefecture 1768
Became county-level city June 1994
Seat Haimen Town
Government[1][2]
 • Deputy Mayor Lu Yifei (陆一飞) (Communist Party of China)
Area[3]
 • Total 1,148.77 km2 (443.54 sq mi)
Elevation[4] 4.96 m (16.27 ft)
Highest elevation[4] 5.2 m (17.1 ft)
Lowest elevation[4] 2.5 m (8.2 ft)
Population (2000)[5]
 • Total 942,952
 • Density 820/km2 (2,100/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code 226100[6]
Area code 0513[6]
Website www.haimen.gov.cn

Haimen (simplified Chinese: 海门; traditional Chinese: 海門; pinyin: Hǎimén; literally: "sea gate", Qihai dialect: [haɪ.məŋ], Shanghai: [hɛ̝.məŋ]) is a county-level city under the administration of Nantong, Jiangsu province, with a population of approximately 1 million. It is located at the opposite side of the Yangtze River to Shanghai and is directly north of Chongming Island except for a small portion that forms Haimen City's Haiyong Township. Haimen is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Haimen.

History

The area that is now Haimen was formed from silt deposits from the Yangtze River. Several sandbanks, including Dongzhou (东洲; 東洲) and Buzhou (布洲), joined together with the mainland in the Tang dynasty. In 958 CE, during the Later Zhou dynasty in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Haimen County was established with the county seat at Dongzhou Town.[7]

Because the mouth of the Yangtze River moved northward during the Ming dynasty, Haimen has dealt with flooding that destroyed parts of the county, including Lüsi (吕四; 呂四), Yudong (余东; 余東), and Sijia (Chinese: 四甲).[7]

In 1672, under the Kangxi Emperor of the Qing dynasty, the seat moved to Jinghai Township (静海乡; 靜海鄉). Starting from 1701, the river's course moved south, creating more than 40 new sandbanks. In 1768, the county became an independent subprefecture with the seat moving to Maojia Town (茅家镇; 茅家鎮).[7]

In 1912, one year after the Republic of China was founded, Haimen once again became a county. However, in 1949, when the People's Republic of China was founded, Haimen became governed under Nantong Prefecture. Once county-level governments started to reappear in 1983, Haimen was reinstated as a county, and in June 1994, Haimen became a county-level city.[7]

Geography

Administrative divisions

Haimen is divided into twenty-one towns and one township, the pene-exclave of Haiyong on Chongming. These towns are further divided into 231 villages and three fish villages.[8]

Climate

According to the Köppen climate classification system, Haimen has a humid subtropical climate (Cwa). This means that Haimen experiences four distinct seasons; the summers are hot and the winters are cold. The summers are rainier than the other seasons, and the summer rains usually bring flooding.[9]

The average temperature is 15.2 °C (59.4 °F) in Haimen. January is the coldest month, and July is the hottest month. The hottest temperature recorded in Haimen was 38.0 °C (100.4 °F), occurring on both August 7, 1966 and July 31, 1992. The coldest temperature ever recorded was −9.3 °C (15.3 °F) on January 31, 1977.[9]

The average yearly rainfall is 1,056.3 millimetres (41.59 in). The wettest year was 1975 with 1,500.7 millimetres (59.08 in), and the driest year was 1978 with 654.6 millimetres (25.77 in).[9]

Transport

With easy access to the Sea and Yangtze River, transportation is very convenient. Less than 2 hours driving distance to Shanghai Pudong International Airport, about 40 mins driving distance to Nantong Xingdong Airport and Nantong Railway Station, which has high speed bullet train. There are multiple entries to the national Highway system, e.g. G40 Expressway. Close to Port of Nantong, Haimen is currently developing its own county level sea port in DongZaoGang town. There is an easy access to Sutong Yangtze River Bridge to cross the Yangtze, as well as ferry service.

References

  1. ↑ Haimen Municipal People's Government. 陆一飞 (in Chinese). Retrieved 2010-07-30.
  2. ↑ Haimen Municipal People's Government (2010-03-10). 市政府关于市长副市长市长助理分工的通知 (in Chinese). Haimen. Retrieved 2010-07-30.
  3. ↑ Haimen Municipal People's Government. "Boundary & Area". Retrieved 2010-07-30.
  4. 1 2 3 Haimen Municipal People's Government. "Geographical Location". Retrieved 2010-07-30.
  5. ↑ Department of Economic & Social Affairs (2008). Demographic Yearbook 2005, Volume 57. United Nations Publications. p. 272. ISBN 978-92-1-051099-8. Retrieved 2010-07-30.
  6. 1 2 China National Philatelic Corporation (CNPC). "Area Code and Postal Code in Jiangsu Province". Archived from the original on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2010-07-30.
  7. 1 2 3 4 Haimen Municipal People's Government (2009-12-09). 建置沿革 (in Chinese). Retrieved 2010-07-30.
  8. ↑ Haimen Municipal People's Government. "Administrative Division". Retrieved 2010-07-30.
  9. 1 2 3 Haimen Municipal People's Government. "Weather & Cliamte". Retrieved 2010-07-30.
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