Pakuranga (New Zealand electorate)
Pakuranga is a New Zealand Parliamentary electorate. It gave the Social Credit Party one of its few MPs when Neil Morrison held the seat from 1984 to 1987, but otherwise the electorate seat has been held by the National Party since 1972. Its current MP is Simeon Brown who has held the electorate since the 2017 general election.
Population centres
Pakuranga is one of 64 general electorates used in New Zealand general elections. It covers part of eastern Auckland around the eponymous suburb of Pakuranga. Other population centres include Farm Cove, Half Moon Bay, Bucklands Beach, parts of Highland Park and parts of Howick.
The boundaries of the Pakuranga electorate were last adjusted in the 2007 redistribution. Initially, the Representation Commission proposed substantial changes, but after hearing objections mainly about Pakuranga, Manukau East, and Manurewa, the shape of the Pakuranga electorate reverted to almost the boundaries prior to the review.[1] No boundary adjustments were undertaken in the subsequent 2013/14 redistribution.[2]
History
Pakuranga was first contested at the 1963 election, and won by future Labour Party frontbencher Bob Tizard. It was captured by National in 1972, and has stayed with National since, save for a brief interlude - the New Zealand Party's presence on the ballot paper in 1984 split the centre-right vote and handed the seat to Social Credit's Neil Morrison.
With the introduction of mixed-member proportional (MMP) representation in 1996 the seat was expanded to absorb most of the neighbouring seat of Howick. Its boundaries have remained largely unchanged since; an attempt in 2007 to resurrect a seat around Howick by pulling the Pakuranga boundaries across the Tamaki River and adding Panmure, Point England and Glen Innes from Auckland City was abandoned in the face of strenuous local objection. Instead, Howick was renamed Botany and centred on the rapid-growth areas of Flat Bush, Botany Downs and Dannemora.
Pakuranga is considered a safe National seat, with Maurice Williamson being easily re-elected at every election to 2014 after ousting Morrison in 1987.[3] In the 2014 election, Williamson had a majority of 12,867 votes over his nearest challenger, Barry Kirker of the Labour Party.[4]
Williamson announced in July 2016 that he would not stand for Parliament at the 2017 general election[5] and the seat was won by Simeon Brown, retaining it for the National Party.
Members of Parliament
Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and ended at a general election.
Key
Labour National Independent Social Credit NZ First
List MPs
Members of Parliament elected from party lists in elections where that person also unsuccessfully contested the Pakuranga electorate. Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and ended at general elections.
Election | Winner | |
---|---|---|
2002 election | Pita Paraone | |
2005 election |
Election results
2017 election
General election, 2017: Pakuranga[6] | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
National | Simeon Brown | 22,663 | 63.98 | +4.23 | 22,149 | 61.69 | +1.45 | ||
Labour | Barry Kirker | 7,777 | 21.95 | −0.09 | 8,872 | 24.71 | +8.79 | ||
NZ First | Suzanne Kelly | 2,039 | 5.75 | 2,369 | 6.59 | −0.50 | |||
Green | Guy Hunt | 2,018 | 5.69 | 1,340 | 3.73 | −2.60 | |||
Māori | Carrie Stoddart-Smith | 419 | 1.18 | 124 | 0.34 | +0.03 | |||
Opportunities | 436 | 1.21 | |||||||
ACT | 272 | 0.75 | −2.20 | ||||||
Conservative | 83 | 0.23 | −5.34 | ||||||
Legalise Cannabis | 69 | 0.19 | −0.12 | ||||||
People's Party | 32 | 0.08 | |||||||
Outdoors | 18 | 0.05 | |||||||
United Future | 16 | 0.04 | −0.19 | ||||||
Ban 1080 | 9 | 0.02 | −0.01 | ||||||
Internet | 9 | 0.02 | −0.59 | ||||||
Mana | 6 | 0.01 | −0.61 | ||||||
Democrats | 3 | 0.008 | −0.012 | ||||||
Informal votes | 506 | 96 | |||||||
Total Valid votes | 35,422 | 35,903 | |||||||
National hold | Majority | 14,886 |
2014 election
General election, 2014: Pakuranga[7] | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
National | 20,388 | 59.75 | −6.11 | 20,854 | 60.24 | −2.56 | |||
Labour | Barry Kirker | 7,521 | 22.04 | +0.25 | 5,511 | 15.92 | −2.70 | ||
Conservative | Andrew Craig | 3,465 | 10.15 | +4.95 | 1,930 | 5.57 | +2.02 | ||
ACT | Jamie Whyte | 2,030 | 5.95 | +3.35 | 1,021 | 2.95 | +1.16 | ||
NZ First | 2,456 | 7.09 | +1.42 | ||||||
Green | 2,192 | 6.33 | +0.12 | ||||||
Internet Mana | 214 | 0.62 | +0.50[lower-alpha 1] | ||||||
Legalise Cannabis | 109 | 0.31 | −0.03 | ||||||
Māori | 108 | 0.31 | −0.02 | ||||||
United Future | 78 | 0.23 | −0.23 | ||||||
Civilian | 16 | 0.05 | +0.05 | ||||||
Ban 1080 | 11 | 0.03 | +0.03 | ||||||
Democrats | 8 | 0.02 | ±0.00 | ||||||
Independent Coalition | 8 | 0.02 | +0.02 | ||||||
Focus | 4 | 0.01 | +0.01 | ||||||
Informal votes | 721 | 101 | |||||||
Total Valid votes | 34,125 | 34,621 | |||||||
Turnout | 34,621 | 74.76 | +4.77 | ||||||
National hold | Majority | 12,867 | 37.71 | −6.35 |
2011 election
General election, 2011: Pakuranga[8] | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
National | 20,694 | 65.86 | +4.28 | 20,471 | 62.80 | +3.10 | |||
Labour | Sunny Kaushal | 6,848 | 21.79 | +0.17 | 6,068 | 18.62 | -3.66 | ||
Conservative | Lance Gedge | 1,634 | 5.20 | +5.20 | 1,156 | 3.55 | +3.55 | ||
NZ First | Helen Jane Mulford | 1,430 | 4.55 | +1.26 | 1,847 | 5.67 | +2.18 | ||
ACT | Chris Simmons | 816 | 2.60 | -3.74 | 585 | 1.79 | -5.39 | ||
Green | 2,024 | 6.21 | +2.61 | ||||||
United Future | 149 | 0.46 | -0.50 | ||||||
Legalise Cannabis | 112 | 0.34 | +0.12 | ||||||
Māori | 109 | 0.33 | +0.03 | ||||||
Mana | 40 | 0.12 | +0.12 | ||||||
Alliance | 20 | 0.06 | +0.02 | ||||||
Libertarianz | 9 | 0.03 | -0.01 | ||||||
Democrats | 5 | 0.02 | +0.004 | ||||||
Informal votes | 1,041 | 202 | |||||||
Total Valid votes | 31,422 | 32,595 | |||||||
National hold | Majority | 13,846 | 44.06 | +4.10 |
Electorate (as at 26 November 2011): 45,912[9]
2008 election
General election, 2008: Pakuranga[10] | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
National | 21,430 | 61.58 | 21,099 | 59.70 | |||||
Labour | Brian Kelly | 7,524 | 21.62 | 7,872 | 22.27 | ||||
ACT | Andrew Jollands | 2,205 | 6.34 | 2,541 | 7.19 | ||||
Green | Zachary Dorner | 1,480 | 4.25 | 1,273 | 3.60 | ||||
NZ First | Pita Paraone | 1,146 | 3.29 | 1,231 | 3.48 | ||||
United Future | Quentin Todd | 409 | 1.18 | 338 | 0.96 | ||||
Progressive | Jeffrey Ly | 354 | 1.02 | 265 | 0.75 | ||||
Kiwi | Brian Hilder | 252 | 0.72 | 123 | 0.35 | ||||
Family Party | 186 | 0.53 | |||||||
Bill and Ben | 137 | 0.39 | |||||||
Māori | 106 | 0.30 | |||||||
Legalise Cannabis | 79 | 0.22 | |||||||
Pacific | 38 | 0.11 | |||||||
Alliance | 15 | 0.04 | |||||||
Libertarianz | 13 | 0.04 | |||||||
Workers Party | 12 | 0.03 | |||||||
RAM | 6 | 0.02 | |||||||
Democrats | 4 | 0.01 | |||||||
RONZ | 4 | 0.01 | |||||||
Informal votes | 329 | 80 | |||||||
Total Valid votes | 34,800 | 35,342 | |||||||
National hold | Majority | 13,906 | 39.96 |
2005 election
General election, 2005: Pakuranga[11] | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
National | 19,159 | 54.03 | 19,173 | 53.28 | |||||
Labour | Michael Wood | 9,577 | 27.01 | 10,810 | 30.31 | ||||
Independent | Steve Baron | 1,807 | 5.10 | ||||||
NZ First | Pita Paraone | 1,398 | 3.54 | 2105 | 5.85 | ||||
ACT | Bronny Jacobson | 1,216 | 3.43 | 1,354 | 3.76 | ||||
United Future | Ian McInnes | 833 | 2.35 | 878 | 2.44 | ||||
Progressive | Ly Meng | 560 | 1.58 | 297 | 0.83 | ||||
Destiny | David Jesze | 488 | 1.38 | 206 | 0.57 | ||||
Christian Heritage | Ewen McQueen | 373 | 1.05 | 80 | 0.22 | ||||
Direct Democracy | Kevin Moore | 49 | 0.14 | 11 | 0.03 | ||||
Green | 907 | 2.52 | |||||||
Māori | 73 | 0.20 | |||||||
Legalise Cannabis | 36 | 0.10 | |||||||
Libertarianz | 14 | 0.04 | |||||||
Alliance | 13 | 0.04 | |||||||
RONZ | 7 | 0.02 | |||||||
99 MP | 6 | 0.02 | |||||||
One NZ | 6 | 0.02 | |||||||
Family Rights | 5 | 0.01 | |||||||
Democrats | 4 | 0.01 | |||||||
Informal votes | 359 | 88 | |||||||
Total Valid votes | 35,460 | 35,983 | |||||||
National hold | Majority | 9,582 | 27.02 |
2002 election
General election, 2002: Pakuranga[12] | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
National | 14,010 | 43.42 | 8,470 | 26.02 | |||||
Labour | Michael Wood | 9,454 | 29.30 | 10,375 | 31.87 | ||||
ACT | Andrew Jollands | 2,419 | 7.50 | 4,712 | 14.47 | ||||
NZ First | Pita Paraone | 2,001 | 6.20 | 3,859 | 11.85 | ||||
United Future | Ian McInnes | 1,461 | 4.53 | 2,543 | 7.88 | ||||
Green | David Rose | 1,040 | 3.22 | 1,173 | 3.60 | ||||
Christian Heritage | Jonothan Ko | 876 | 2.71 | 426 | 1.31 | ||||
Progressive | Meng Ly | 478 | 1.48 | 396 | 1.22 | ||||
Alliance | Paul Protheroe | 158 | 0.49 | 192 | 0.58 | ||||
ORNZ | 204 | 0.63 | |||||||
Legalise Cannabis | 93 | 0.28 | |||||||
One NZ | 20 | 0.06 | |||||||
NMP | 4 | 0.01 | |||||||
Mana Māori | 0.00 | ||||||||
Informal votes | 378 | 84 | |||||||
Total Valid votes | 32,266 | 32,553 | |||||||
National hold | Majority | 4,556 |
1999 election
Refer to Candidates in the New Zealand general election 1999 by electorate#Pakuranga for a list of candidates.
1993 election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
National | Maurice Williamson | 9,619 | 48.0 | -16.2 | |
Labour | Heather Mackay | 4,159 | 20.7 | ||
Alliance | Denis Wilkins | 3,203 | 15.9 | ||
NZ First | David Moore | 2,399 | 11.9 | ||
Christian Heritage | John Starrenburg | 367 | 1.8 | ||
McGillicuddy Serious | Sasquatch | 201 | 1.0 | ||
Natural Law | Anne Brigid | 87 | 0.4 | ||
Majority | 5,460 | 27.2 | -17.6 | ||
Turnout | 20,035 |
1990 election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
National | Maurice Williamson | 13,006 | 64.2 | +2.08 | |
Labour | Paul Charles Grant | 3,920 | 19.3 | ||
Green | Peter Whitmore | 2,211 | 10.9 | ||
NewLabour | Sandy Gauntlett | 420 | 2.0 | ||
Democrats | Richard John Pittams | 312 | 1.5 | ||
Social Credit | Colin Bernard Nicholls | 166 | 0.8 | ||
McGillicuddy Serious | Greg Pittams | 124 | 0.6 | ||
Blokes Liberation Front | Paul Brunton | 50 | 0.2 | ||
Independent | Elaine Wills | 31 | 0.1 | ||
Majority | 9,086 | 44.8 | -35.0 | ||
Turnout | 20,240 |
1987 election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
National | Maurice Williamson | 8,987 | 43.4 | ||
Democrats | Neil Morrison | 6,969 | 33.6 | -1.9 | |
Labour | B V M Wilson | 4,700 | 22.7 | ||
Independent | S Bogrich | 70 | 0.3 | ||
Majority | 2,018 | 9.8 | |||
Turnout | 22,866 | 92.0 | -4.8 |
1984 election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Social Credit | Neil Morrison | 8,271 | 35.5 | -2.2 | |
National | Pat Hunt | 8,099 | 34.7 | -6.2 | |
NZ Party | Jo Grierson | 3,804 | 16.3 | ||
Labour | G Williams | 3,101 | 13.3 | ||
Independent | J R Marriott | 39 | 0.2 | -0.3 | |
Majority | 172 | 0.8 | |||
Turnout | 24,510 | 96.8 | +5.2 |
1981 election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
National | Pat Hunt | 9,908 | 40.9 | +4.2 | |
Social Credit | Neil Morrison | 9,125 | 37.7 | +23.7 | |
Labour | Peter Turner | 5,066 | 20.9 | ||
Independent | J R Marriott | 110 | 0.5 | ||
Majority | 783 | 3.2 | -7.0 | ||
Turnout | 26,501 | 91.6 | +15.0 |
1978 election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
National | Pat Hunt | 7,615 | 36.7 | ||
Labour | E J Smith | 5,504 | 26.5 | ||
Independent | Gavin Downie | 4,455 | 21.5 | ||
Social Credit | Neil Morrison | 2,918 | 14.0 | +8.8 | |
Values | M H T Walker | 269 | 1.3 | ||
Majority | 2,111 | 10.2 | |||
Turnout | 27,513 | 76.6 | -11.1 |
1975 election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
National | Gavin Downie | 14,192 | 58.2 | +6.8 | |
Labour | Geoff Braybrooke | 7,176 | 29.4 | ||
Values | Maurice Jenner | 1,349 | 5.5 | ||
Social Credit | Neil Morrison | 1,265 | 5.2 | ||
Independent | B J Curtis | 356 | 1.5 | ||
Alpha | C V Filmer | 19 | 0.1 | ||
World Socialist | M H Gribble | 12 | 0.1 | ||
Majority | 7,016 | 28.8 | +18.9 | ||
Turnout | 27,881 | 87.7 | -3.8 |
1972 election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
National | Gavin Downie | 9,310 | 51.4 | ||
Labour | J B Irwin | 7,508 | 41.5 | ||
Social Credit | B J Southon | 1,153 | 6.4 | ||
New Democratic | F J Collins | 126 | 0.7 | ||
Majority | 1,802 | 9.9 | |||
Turnout | 19,930 | 91.5 | +0.9 |
1969 election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Bob Tizard | 9,030 | 51.2 | -0.5 | |
National | N W Holmes | 7,777 | 44.1 | ||
Social Credit | James Robinson | 692 | 3.9 | ||
Independent | E V Posa | 80 | 0.5 | ||
Communist | Rita Smith | 40 | 0.2 | ||
Independent | Joseph Erwin Moosman | 17 | 0.1 | -0.3 | |
Majority | 1,253 | 7.1 | -5.4 | ||
Turnout | 19,563 | 90.6 | +4.3 |
1966 election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Bob Tizard | 9,380 | 51.7 | -2.2 | |
National | Victor David Thompson | 7,121 | 39.2 | ||
Social Credit | Thomas Rayne Wreaks | 1,588 | 8.7 | +4.3 | |
Independent | Joseph Erwin Moosman | 71 | 0.4 | ||
Majority | 2,259 | 12.5 | -0.4 | ||
Turnout | 21,139 | 86.3 | -4.1 |
1963 election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Bob Tizard | 8,394 | 53.9 | ||
National | R M Neville-White | 6,379 | 41.0 | ||
Social Credit | Thomas Rayne Wreaks | 690 | 4.4 | ||
Communist | Rita Smith | 104 | 0.7 | ||
Majority | 2,015 | 12.9 | |||
Turnout | 17,821 | 90.4 |
Table footnotes
Notes
- ↑ Report of the Representation Commission 2007 (PDF). Representation Commission. 14 September 2007. pp. 8, 13. ISBN 978-0-477-10414-2. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
- ↑ Report of the Representation Commission 2014 (PDF). Representation Commission. 4 April 2014. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-477-10414-2. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
- ↑ "Hon Maurice Williamson". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
- ↑ "Official Count Results -- Pakuranga". Electoral Commission. 4 October 2014. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
- ↑ Jones, Nicholas (26 July 2016). "National and Pakuranga MP Maurice Williamson to leave Parliament". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 27 July 2016.
- ↑ "Official Count Results -- Pakuranga". Wellington: New Zealand Electoral Commission. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
- ↑ "Official Count Results - Pakuranga (2014)". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 14 April 2016.
- ↑ "Official Count Results - Pakuranga (2011)". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
- ↑ "Enrolment statistics". Electoral Commission. 26 November 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
- ↑ Archived November 12, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑
- ↑ "Official Count Results - Pakuranga". Electionresults.govt.nz. Retrieved 2015-07-24.
- ↑ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1993. p. 80.
- ↑ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1990. p. 85.
- 1 2 3 Norton 1988, p. 307.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Norton 1988, p. 306.
References
- Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946–1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.
External links
- Electorate Profile Parliamentary Library