Population centres
In the 1887 electoral redistribution, although the Representation Commission was required through the Representation Act 1887 to maintain existing electorates "as far as possible", rapid population growth in the North Island required the transfer of three seats from the South Island to the north. Ten new electorates were created, including Auckland Central, and one former electorate was recreated.
Auckland Central contains downtown Auckland, the suburbs of Ponsonby, Grey Lynn, Westmere, Arch Hill, Herne Bay, Freemans Bay, St Mary's Bay, Newton and Eden Terrace at the west side of the city. Because of the location of the main Auckland ferry terminal, Auckland Central also contains the islands of the Hauraki Gulf. At the 2008 election, Grafton became part of Epsom, and Point Chevalier moved into Mount Albert. To offset these changes, the suburb of Newton was drafted in from Mount Albert.
History
Auckland Central was created ahead of the 1887 election; it was carved from parts of the electorates of Auckland North and the Auckland West and focused around upper Queen Street, Grafton, and Newton. It lasted only until the 1890 elections, when a reduction in the number of electorates meant Auckland Central was re-incorporated into single larger Auckland electorate. At the 1905 elections, the Auckland seat was split into three seats, including a recreated Auckland Central.
The seat has been held by the Labour Party for most of its existence — between 1919 and 2008, the seat had spent only three years in the hands of another party (the left-wing Alliance, from 1993 to 1996). However, the 2008 election saw the National Party win the electorate for the first time. National retained the seat in 2011 and 2014, although with a reduced majority making Auckland Central one of the most marginal electorates in the country.
List MPs
Members of Parliament elected from party lists in elections where that person also unsuccessfully contested the Auckland Central electorate. Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and ended at general elections.
Key
ACT Alliance Green National Labour
Election results
2017 election
General election, 2017: Auckland Central[2] |
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. |
Party |
Candidate |
Votes |
% |
±% |
Party votes |
% |
±% |
|
National |
Y Nikki Kaye |
13,198 |
45.24 |
−0.59 |
11,773 |
39.15 |
−5.78 |
|
Labour |
Helen White |
11,617 |
39.82 |
−3.80 |
11,340 |
37.71 |
+16.04 |
|
Green |
Denise Roche |
2,838 |
9.72 |
+2.10 |
4,170 |
13.87 |
−8.30 |
|
Opportunities |
Mika Haka |
681 |
2.33 |
— |
944 |
3.14 |
— |
|
NZ First |
Frank Edwards |
578 |
1.98 |
— |
1,165 |
3.87 |
−1.31 |
|
ACT |
Brooke van Velden |
151 |
0.52 |
−0.19 |
317 |
1.05 |
−0.12 |
|
Climate First |
Leslie Jones |
55 |
0.19 |
— |
|
|
Conservative |
Stephen Greenfield |
52 |
0.18 |
−0.77 |
29 |
0.10 |
−0.81 |
|
Māori |
|
123 |
0.41 |
−0.15 |
|
Legalise Cannabis |
|
71 |
0.24 |
−0.06 |
|
United Future |
|
19 |
0.06 |
−0.13 |
|
Ban 1080 |
|
12 |
0.04 |
0.00 |
|
Mana |
|
12 |
0.04 |
−1.92[lower-alpha 2] |
|
Internet |
|
10 |
0.03 |
−1.93[lower-alpha 3] |
|
People's Party |
|
10 |
0.03 |
— |
|
Outdoors |
|
8 |
0.03 |
— |
|
Democrats |
|
4 |
0.01 |
0.00 |
Informal votes |
206 |
|
|
63 |
|
|
Total Valid votes |
29,170 |
|
|
30,007 |
|
|
Turnout |
30,070 |
79.94[3] |
+1.39 |
|
|
National hold |
Majority |
1,519 |
5.21 |
+3.01 |
|
2014 election
General election, 2014: Auckland Central[4] |
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. |
Party |
Candidate |
Votes |
% |
±% |
Party votes |
% |
±% |
|
National |
Y Nikki Kaye |
12,494 |
45.84 |
+0.44 |
12,652 |
44.93 |
+2.70 |
|
Labour |
Jacinda Ardern |
11,894 |
43.63 |
+0.41 |
6,101 |
21.67 |
-3.44 |
|
Green |
Denise Roche |
2,080 |
7.63 |
-1.13 |
6,242 |
22.17 |
-0.63 |
|
Internet |
Miriam Pierard |
270 |
0.99 |
+0.99 |
|
|
Conservative |
Regan Monahan |
258 |
0.95 |
+0.23 |
486 |
1.73 |
+0.91 |
|
ACT |
Dasha Kovalenko |
193 |
0.71 |
+0.26 |
329 |
1.17 |
-0.01 |
|
Climate |
Peter Whitmore |
50 |
0.18 |
+0.18 |
|
|
Money Free |
Jordan Osmaston |
19 |
0.07 |
+0.07 |
|
|
NZ First |
|
1,459 |
5.18 |
+1.08 |
|
Internet Mana |
|
553 |
1.96 |
+1.27[lower-alpha 4] |
|
Māori |
|
158 |
0.56 |
-1.08 |
|
Legalise Cannabis |
|
85 |
0.30 |
-0.12 |
|
United Future |
|
53 |
0.19 |
-0.03 |
|
Civilian |
|
17 |
0.06 |
+0.06 |
|
Ban 1080 |
|
10 |
0.04 |
+0.04 |
|
Independent Coalition |
|
7 |
0.02 |
+0.02 |
|
Democrats |
|
3 |
0.01 |
-0.58 |
|
Focus |
|
2 |
0.01 |
+0.01 |
Informal votes |
195 |
|
|
99 |
|
|
Total Valid votes |
27,453 |
|
|
28,256 |
|
|
Turnout |
28,040 |
76.76[5] |
+1.47 |
|
|
National hold |
Majority |
600 |
2.20 |
+0.04 |
|
2011 election
General election, 2011: Auckland Central[6] |
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. |
Party |
Candidate |
Votes |
% |
±% |
Party votes |
% |
±% |
|
National |
Y Nikki Kaye |
15,038 |
45.39 |
+2.48 |
14,447 |
42.24 |
+2.15 |
|
Labour |
Jacinda Ardern |
14,321 |
43.23 |
+4.69 |
8,590 |
25.11 |
-9.44 |
|
Green |
Denise Roche |
2,903 |
8.76 |
-4.66 |
7,797 |
22.79 |
+7.33 |
|
NZ First |
Allen Davies |
412 |
1.24 |
+1.24 |
1,403 |
4.10 |
+1.81 |
|
Conservative |
Stephen Greenfield |
238 |
0.72 |
+0.72 |
280 |
0.82 |
+0.82 |
|
ACT |
David Seymour |
149 |
0.45 |
-1.25 |
404 |
1.18 |
-2.95 |
|
Human Rights |
Anthony van den Heuval |
68 |
0.21 |
+0.01 |
|
|
Māori |
|
562 |
1.64 |
+0.71 |
|
Mana |
|
237 |
0.69 |
+0.69 |
|
Democrats |
|
202 |
0.59 |
+0.56 |
|
Legalise Cannabis |
|
146 |
0.43 |
+0.14 |
|
United Future |
|
75 |
0.22 |
-0.46 |
|
Libertarianz |
|
53 |
0.15 |
+0.08 |
|
Alliance |
|
10 |
0.03 |
-0.002 |
Informal votes |
352 |
|
|
164 |
|
|
Total Valid votes |
33,129 |
|
|
34,206 |
|
|
|
National hold |
Majority |
717 |
2.16 |
-2.21 |
|
Electorate (as at 26 November 2011): 45,649[7]
2008 election
General election, 2008: Auckland Central[8] |
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. |
Party |
Candidate |
Votes |
% |
±% |
Party votes |
% |
±% |
|
National |
Nikki Kaye |
14,677 |
42.91 |
+9.81 |
14,112 |
40.08 |
+6.36 |
|
Labour |
N Judith Tizard |
13,180 |
38.53 |
-5.36 |
12,166 |
34.55 |
-10.68 |
|
Green |
Denise Roche |
4,592 |
13.43 |
-1.38 |
5,446 |
15.47 |
+2.49 |
|
ACT |
Scott Uren |
581 |
1.70 |
+0.15 |
1,456 |
4.14 |
+2.35 |
|
Legalise Cannabis |
Kevin O'Connell |
349 |
1.02 |
– |
101 |
0.29 |
+0.12 |
|
Progressive |
Justin Robson |
274 |
0.80 |
+0.06 |
226 |
0.64 |
-0.17 |
|
RAM |
Oliver Woods |
132 |
0.39 |
– |
16 |
0.05 |
– |
|
United Future |
Aaron Galey-Young |
128 |
0.37 |
-0.91 |
168 |
0.48 |
-0.82 |
|
Independent |
Thomas Forde |
84 |
0.25 |
-0.01 |
|
|
Independent |
Stephen Greenfield |
68 |
0.20 |
– |
|
|
Human Rights |
Anthony Ravlich |
67 |
0.20 |
– |
|
|
Alliance |
Sarita Divis |
39 |
0.11 |
– |
11 |
0.03 |
-0.02 |
|
RONZ |
Kerry Bevin |
32 |
0.09 |
+0.00 |
10 |
0.03 |
+0.02 |
|
NZ First |
|
806 |
2.29 |
-0.55 |
|
Māori |
|
328 |
0.93 |
+0.33 |
|
Bill and Ben |
|
132 |
0.37 |
– |
|
Pacific |
|
73 |
0.21 |
– |
|
Kiwi |
|
70 |
0.20 |
– |
|
Family Party |
|
38 |
0.11 |
– |
|
Libertarianz |
|
27 |
0.08 |
+0.01 |
|
Workers Party |
|
12 |
0.03 |
– |
|
Democrats |
|
10 |
0.03 |
+0.00 |
Informal votes |
290 |
|
|
101 |
|
|
Total Valid votes |
34,203 |
|
|
35,208 |
|
|
|
National gain from Labour |
Majority |
1,497 |
4.38 |
-6.42 |
|
2005 election
General election, 2005: Auckland Central[9] |
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. |
Party |
Candidate |
Votes |
% |
±% |
Party votes |
% |
±% |
|
Labour |
Y Judith Tizard |
15,794 |
43.89 |
+0.56 |
16,639 |
45.24 |
|
|
National |
Pansy Wong |
11,910 |
33.10 |
+6.73 |
12,403 |
33.72 |
|
|
Green |
Nándor Tánczos |
5,327 |
14.80 |
|
4,775 |
12.98 |
|
|
NZ First |
Susan Baragwanath |
996 |
2.77 |
|
1,044 |
2.84 |
|
|
ACT |
Helen Simpson |
559 |
1.55 |
|
658 |
1.79 |
|
|
United Future |
Steve Taylor |
461 |
1.28 |
|
477 |
1.30 |
|
|
Māori |
Bronwyn Yates |
330 |
0.92 |
|
223 |
0.61 |
|
|
Progressive |
Petronella Townsend |
266 |
0.74 |
|
297 |
0.81 |
|
|
Destiny |
Maureen Vincent |
150 |
0.42 |
|
80 |
0.22 |
|
|
Independent |
Thomas Forde |
91 |
0.25 |
|
|
|
Direct Democracy |
Dilip Rupa |
69 |
0.19 |
|
15 |
0.04 |
|
|
RONZ |
Alan Candy |
32 |
0.09 |
|
3 |
0.01 |
|
|
Legalise Cannabis |
|
61 |
0.17 |
|
|
Christian Heritage |
|
29 |
0.08 |
|
|
Libertarianz |
|
25 |
0.07 |
|
|
Alliance |
|
19 |
0.05 |
|
|
Family Rights |
|
13 |
0.04 |
|
|
Democrats |
|
10 |
0.03 |
|
|
99 MP |
|
5 |
0.01 |
|
|
One NZ |
|
5 |
0.01 |
|
Informal votes |
292 |
|
|
115 |
|
|
Total Valid votes |
35,985 |
|
|
36,781 |
|
|
|
Labour hold |
Majority |
3,884 |
10.79 |
-6.17 |
|
2002 election
General election, 2002: Auckland Central[10] |
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. |
Party |
Candidate |
Votes |
% |
±% |
Party votes |
% |
±% |
|
Labour |
Y Judith Tizard |
13,298 |
43.33 |
|
13,929 |
44.10 |
|
|
National |
Pansy Wong |
8,093 |
26.37 |
|
4,748 |
15.03 |
|
|
Green |
Nándor Tánczos |
6,212 |
20.24 |
|
4,990 |
15.80 |
|
|
ACT |
Lech Beltowski |
1,223 |
3.98 |
|
3,358 |
10.63 |
|
|
United Future |
Steve Taylor |
770 |
2.51 |
|
1,266 |
4.01 |
|
|
Alliance |
Mike Treen |
365 |
1.19 |
|
513 |
1.62 |
|
|
Progressive |
Vivienne Shepherd |
333 |
1.08 |
|
468 |
1.48 |
|
|
Christian Heritage |
Sean Michael Reynolds |
235 |
0.77 |
|
163 |
0.52 |
|
|
Independent |
Neil Head |
97 |
0.32 |
|
|
|
Independent |
Anthony Van Den Heuvel |
66 |
0.22 |
|
|
|
NZ First |
|
1,809 |
5.73 |
|
|
Legalise Cannabis |
|
164 |
0.52 |
|
|
ORNZ |
|
137 |
0.43 |
|
|
Mana Māori |
|
20 |
0.06 |
|
|
One NZ |
|
15 |
0.05 |
|
|
NMP |
|
3 |
0.01 |
|
Informal votes |
357 |
|
|
89 |
|
|
Total Valid votes |
30,692 |
|
|
31,583 |
|
|
|
Labour hold |
Majority |
5,205 |
16.96 |
|
|
1999 election
General election, 1999: Auckland Central[11][12] |
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. |
Party |
Candidate |
Votes |
% |
±% |
Party votes |
% |
±% |
|
Labour |
Y Judith Tizard |
12,645 |
38.74 |
|
13,647 |
41.50 |
|
|
National |
Martin Poulsen |
7,360 |
22.55 |
|
7,747 |
23.56 |
|
|
Alliance |
Sandra Lee |
6,129 |
18.78 |
|
2,321 |
7.06 |
|
|
Green |
Nándor Tánczos |
3,057 |
9.37 |
|
4,235 |
12.88 |
|
|
ACT |
Donna Awatere Huata |
2,301 |
7.05 |
|
2,929 |
8.91 |
|
|
Christian Heritage |
Dick Holland |
435 |
1.33 |
|
332 |
1.01 |
|
|
NZ First |
Dilip Rupa |
380 |
1.16 |
|
671 |
2.04 |
|
|
Blokes Liberation Front |
Pieter de Jonge |
169 |
0.52 |
|
|
|
Mana Māori |
Tame Iti |
83 |
0.25 |
|
19 |
0.06 |
|
|
South Island |
Gerry Campbell |
43 |
0.13 |
|
7 |
0.02 |
|
|
Communist League |
Terence Coggan |
38 |
0.12 |
|
|
|
Legalise Cannabis |
|
296 |
0.90 |
|
|
Future NZ |
|
150 |
0.46 |
|
|
United NZ |
|
130 |
0.40 |
|
|
Libertarianz |
|
124 |
0.38 |
|
|
Mauri Pacific |
|
108 |
0.33 |
|
|
Animals First |
|
58 |
0.18 |
|
|
McGillicuddy Serious |
|
52 |
0.16 |
|
|
Natural Law |
|
27 |
0.08 |
|
|
One NZ |
|
17 |
0.05 |
|
|
NMP |
|
9 |
0.03 |
|
|
People's Choice Party |
|
4 |
0.01 |
|
|
Freedom Movement |
|
1 |
0.00 |
|
|
Republican |
|
1 |
0.00 |
|
Informal votes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Valid votes |
32,640 |
|
|
32,885 |
|
|
|
Labour hold |
Majority |
5,285 |
16.19 |
|
|
1996 election
General election, 1996: Auckland Central[13][14][15] |
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. |
Party |
Candidate |
Votes |
% |
±% |
Party votes |
% |
±% |
|
Labour |
Y Judith Tizard |
12,219 |
36.57 |
|
12,465 |
37.14 |
|
|
Alliance |
N Sandra Lee |
8,866 |
26.53 |
|
3,855 |
11.49 |
|
|
National |
Shane Frith |
7,462 |
22.33 |
|
8,945 |
26.65 |
|
|
ACT |
Rodney Hide |
1,848 |
5.53 |
|
3,393 |
10.11 |
|
|
NZ First |
Richard Whittaker |
1,565 |
4.68 |
|
2,307 |
6.87 |
|
|
Christian Coalition |
Barrie Patterson |
398 |
1.19 |
|
598 |
1.78 |
|
|
Progressive Green |
Laurence Boomert |
326 |
0.98 |
|
229 |
0.68 |
|
|
McGillicuddy Serious |
Alistair Ramsden |
226 |
0.68 |
|
129 |
0.38 |
|
|
Green Society |
Simon Reeves |
175 |
0.52 |
|
110 |
0.33 |
|
|
Blokes Liberation Front |
Chris Brady |
139 |
0.42 |
|
|
|
Natural Law |
Mark Watts |
108 |
0.32 |
|
70 |
0.21 |
|
|
Independent |
Peter de Jonge |
27 |
0.08 |
|
|
|
Citizens Party |
Wayne Young |
18 |
0.05 |
|
|
|
Independent |
Lynne Robertson |
13 |
0.04 |
|
|
|
Independent |
Adam Le Lievre |
10 |
0.03 |
|
|
|
Independent |
Victor Bryers |
7 |
0.02 |
|
|
|
Republican |
Duane Sutton |
7 |
0.02 |
|
|
|
Legalise Cannabis |
|
1,003 |
2.99 |
|
|
United NZ |
|
199 |
0.59 |
|
|
Animals First |
|
90 |
0.27 |
|
|
Libertarianz |
|
41 |
0.12 |
|
|
Ethnic Minority Party |
|
40 |
0.12 |
|
|
Mana Māori |
|
32 |
0.10 |
|
|
Asia Pacific United |
|
21 |
0.06 |
|
|
Advance New Zealand |
|
14 |
0.04 |
|
|
Superannuitants & Youth |
|
14 |
0.04 |
|
|
Conservatives |
|
5 |
0.01 |
|
|
Te Tawharau |
|
3 |
0.01 |
|
Informal votes |
286 |
|
|
137 |
|
|
Total Valid votes |
33,414 |
|
|
33,563 |
|
|
|
Labour gain from Alliance |
Majority |
3,353 |
9.99 |
|
|
1935 election
Table footnotes:
- ↑ Mullenger ran as an Independent, but was aligned to the Reform Party.
- ↑ Tanczos was not elected at the 2005 election but as he was next on the party list when Green MP Rod Donald died Tánczos regained his seat in parliament.
- ↑ 2017 Mana Party swing is relative to the votes for Internet-Mana in 2014; it shared a party list with the Internet Party in the 2014 election
- ↑ 2017 Internet Party swing is relative to the votes for Internet-Mana in 2014; it shared a party list with Mana Party in the 2014 election
- ↑ 2014 Internet Mana swing is relative to the votes for Mana in 2011; it shared a party list with Internet in the 2014 election.
References
- ↑ "Official Count Results -- Auckland Central (2017)". Electoral Commission. 7 October 2017. Retrieved 7 October 2017.
- ↑ "Party Votes and Turnout by Electorate". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
- ↑ "Official Count Results – Auckland Central". Electoral Commission. 4 October 2014. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
- ↑ "2014 General Election Voter Turnout Statistics – Auckland Central". Electoral Commission. 21 January 2016. Retrieved 21 January 2016.
- ↑ 2011 election results
- ↑ "Enrolment statistics – Auckland Central". Electoral Commission. 25 November 2011. Archived from the original on 6 August 2011. Retrieved 26 November 2011.
- ↑ 2008 election results
- ↑ 2005 election results
- ↑ 2002 election results
- ↑ "Official Count Results (1999) – Electoral Votes for registered parties by electorate". NZ Electoral Commission. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
- ↑ "Official Count Results (1999) – Candidate Vote Details". NZ Electoral Commission. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
- ↑ "Electorate Candidate and Party Votes Recorded at Each Polling Place – Auckland Central, 1996" (PDF). Retrieved 24 December 2011.
- ↑ "Part III – Party Lists of Successful Registered Parties" (PDF). Electoral Commission. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 February 2013. Retrieved 14 June 2013.
- ↑ "Part III – Party Lists of unsuccessful Registered Parties" (PDF). Electoral Commission. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 February 2013. Retrieved 14 June 2013.
- ↑ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1993.
- ↑ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1990.
- ↑ "The New Zealand Official Year-Book, 1951–52". Statistics New Zealand. Archived from the original on 23 June 2012. Retrieved 19 November 2012.
- ↑ "The General Election, 1949". National Library. 1950. pp. 1–5, 8. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
- ↑ "The General Election, 1946". National Library. 1947. pp. 1–11, 14. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
- ↑
"The General Election, 1943". National Library. 1944. p. 11. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
- ↑ "Results from all Electorates". Evening Post. CXXXVI (76). 27 September 1943. p. 6. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
- ↑ "City Nominations". Evening Post. CXXXVI (61). 9 September 1943. p. 9. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
- ↑ "The General Election, 1938". National Library. 1939. pp. 1–6. Retrieved 8 February 2012.
- ↑ The New Zealand Official Year-Book. Government Printer. 1936. Archived from the original on 1 May 2012. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
- ↑ The General Election, 1931. Government Printer. 1932. p. 1. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
- ↑ "Electoral". The New Zealand Herald. LXVIII (21036). 21 November 1931. p. 16. Retrieved 6 November 2014.
- ↑ Simpson, Tony. "James Henry Edwards". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
- ↑ The General Election, 1925. Government Printer. 1926. p. 1. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
- ↑ "Electoral". The New Zealand Herald. LXII (19162). 30 October 1925. p. 4. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
- ↑ "Recount of Votes". The Evening Post. 116 (116). 12 November 1925. p. 6. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
- ↑ Hislop, J. (1915). The General Election, 1914. National Library. pp. 1–33. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
- ↑ "The General Election, 1911". National Library. 1912. pp. 1–14. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
- ↑ "The General Election, 1908". National Library. 1909. pp. 1–34. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
- ↑ The General Election, 1905. p. 3. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
- ↑ "The General Election, 1887". National Library. 1887. pp. 1–4. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
Bibliography
- McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
- Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.
- Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946–1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.
External links
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