Melania Trump

Melania Trump
First Lady of the United States
Incumbent
Assumed role
January 20, 2017
President Donald Trump
Preceded by Michelle Obama
Personal details
Born Melanija Knavs
(1970-04-26) April 26, 1970
Novo Mesto, SR Slovenia, SFR Yugoslavia
Citizenship American
Political party Republican[1]
Spouse(s)
Donald Trump (m. 2005)
Children Barron Trump
Residence
Signature

Melania Trump (/məˈlɑːniə/; born Melanija Knavs; [mɛˈlaːnija ˈknaːu̯s], Germanized to Melania Knauss; born April 26, 1970) is a Slovenian-American former fashion model and, as wife of the 45th U.S. President Donald Trump, the current First Lady of the United States.[2]

Melanija Knavs was born in Novo Mesto, and grew up in Sevnica, in the Yugoslav republic of Slovenia.[3] She worked as a fashion model through agencies in Milan and Paris, later moving to New York City in 1996.[4] Her modeling career was associated with Irene Marie Models and Trump Model Management.[5]

In 2001, Knavs became a permanent resident of the United States. She married Donald Trump in 2005 and obtained U.S. citizenship in 2006.[6] She is the second American First Lady born outside the United States,[7] the first naturalized U.S. citizen to become First Lady[8] and the second Catholic First Lady,[9][10]

Early life

Melanija Knavs was born in Novo Mesto, Slovenia (then part of Yugoslavia), on April 26, 1970.[11][12] Her father, Viktor Knavs, was from the nearby town of Radeče, and managed car and motorcycle dealerships for a state-owned vehicle manufacturer.[13][14] Her mother Amalija (née Ulčnik) came from the village of Raka and worked as a patternmaker at the children's clothing manufacturer Jutranjka in Sevnica.[15][16] As a child, Melania and other children of workers at the factory participated in fashion shows that featured children's clothing.[17] She has an older sister, Ines, who is an artist and her "longtime confidant",[18][19][20] and an older half-brother—whom she reportedly has never met—from her father's previous relationship.[21][22]

Knavs grew up in a modest apartment in a housing block in Sevnica, in the Lower Sava Valley.[2][23] Her father was in the League of Communists of Slovenia, which espoused a policy of state atheism.[24] As was common, however, he had his daughters secretly baptized as Catholics. When the Trumps met Pope Francis at the Vatican in 2017, Melania brought her rosary and asked the Pope to bless it.[25][26]

When Knavs was a teenager, she moved with her family to a two-story house in Sevnica.[27] As a high-school student, she lived in a high-rise apartment in Ljubljana. She attended the Secondary School of Design and Photography in Ljubljana,[28] and studied architecture and design at the University of Ljubljana for one year before she dropped out.[29][30][31]

Career

Modeling

Melania Trump at QVC Red Carpet Style Party, 2011

She began modeling at five years old and started doing commercial work at sixteen, when she posed for the Slovenian fashion photographer Stane Jerko.[32][33] When she began working as a model, she transcribed the Slovene version of her last name "Knavs" to the German version "Knauss".[34]

At eighteen, she signed with a modeling agency in Milan, Italy.[35] In 1992, she was named runner-up in the Jana Magazine "Look of the Year" contest, held in Ljubljana, which promised its top three contestants an international modeling contract.[11][36]

After attending the University of Ljubljana for one year,[37] she modeled for fashion houses in Paris and Milan, where in 1995 she met Metropolitan Models co-owner Paolo Zampolli, a friend of her future husband Donald Trump, who was on a scouting trip in Europe. Zampolli urged her to travel to the United States, where he said he would like to represent her.[17]

In 1996, Knauss moved to Manhattan.[17][36][35][38] Zampolli arranged for her to share an apartment with photographer Matthew Atanian in Zeckendorf Towers in Union Square.[17] She did 10 paid modeling jobs in the U.S. in the seven weeks before she received legal permission to work in the country.[6]

Business

In 2010 she launched her own line of jewelry, Melania Timepieces and Jewelry, for sale on QVC. She also marketed a Melania Skin Care Collection, sold in high-end department stores.[39] According to a financial filing in 2016, her businesses brought in between $15,000 and $50,000 that year.[40] In 2017, the two companies that manufactured her jewelry and skin care products under license said they had terminated their relationship with her.[41] On inauguration day her companies and products were listed in her official White House biography, but they were quickly removed.[42] A White House spokesperson said her companies are no longer active and "the First Lady has no intention of using her position for profit and will not do so."[41]

Relationship with Donald Trump

Early relationship

Melania and Donald Trump meeting President Bill Clinton, September 2000

In September 1998, she met real estate mogul Donald Trump at a party that Zampolli hosted at the Times Square nightclub the Kit Kat Club (now the Stephen Sondheim Theatre).[43] Trump and Marla Maples had been separated since May 1997, and he attended the party with Celina Midelfart. When Midelfart went off to use the restroom, Trump approached Knauss and asked for her telephone number. She took his phone number instead, and they subsequently began a relationship and frequented the 1990s Greenwich Village hot spot Moomba.[17][2][44]

Melania continued her modeling career[17] with her American magazine cover shoots, including In Style Weddings,[45] New York Magazine, Avenue,[46] Philadelphia Style,[47] Vanity Fair[48] and Vogue.[49] While they were dating, her family relocated to New York, where they now live for most of the year.[50]

In 1999, the couple gained attention after an interview on The Howard Stern Show. When she was asked by The New York Times what her role would be if Donald Trump were to become President, she replied: "I would be very traditional, like Betty Ford or Jackie Kennedy."[14][51]

In 2000, she appeared with Donald Trump while he campaigned for that year's Reform Party presidential nomination; she also modeled for the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue.[52][50]

Marriage

Melania and Donald Trump attending Oscar de la Renta fashion show, 2006

Knauss and Donald Trump became engaged in 2004. On January 22, 2005, they married in an Anglican service at The Episcopal Church of Bethesda-by-the-Sea in Palm Beach, Florida, followed by a reception in the ballroom at her husband's Mar-a-Lago estate.[53][54] The marriage was her first and his third. The event was attended by celebrities such as Katie Couric, Matt Lauer, Rudy Giuliani, Heidi Klum, Star Jones, P. Diddy, Shaquille O'Neal, Barbara Walters, Conrad Black, Regis Philbin, Simon Cowell, Kelly Ripa, then-Senator Hillary Clinton, and former president Bill Clinton.[54][55] At the reception, Billy Joel serenaded the crowd with "Just the Way You Are" and supplied new lyrics to the tune of "The Lady Is a Tramp".[54] The Trumps' wedding ceremony and reception were widely covered by the media.[38] She wore a $200,000 dress made by John Galliano of the house of Christian Dior.[54]

On March 20, 2006, she gave birth to their son, Barron William Trump.[56] She suggested his middle name, while her husband suggested his first name.[57]

2016 presidential campaign

Melania gives the thumb's up at a campaign event with her husband Donald and son Barron, November 2015

In November 2015, she was asked about her husband's presidential campaign and replied: "I encouraged him because I know what he will do and what he can do for America. He loves the American people and he wants to help them."[58] She played a relatively small role in her husband's campaign, which is atypical of spouses of presidential candidates.[59][60][61]

In 2016, she told CNN her focus as First Lady would be to help women and children. She also said she would combat cyberbullying, especially among children.[62]

In July 2016, her official website was redirected to trump.com. On Twitter, she stated that her site was outdated and did not "accurately reflect [her] current business and professional interests".[63]

2016 RNC and plagiarism concerns

On July 18, 2016, she gave a speech at the 2016 Republican National Convention. The speech contained a paragraph that was nearly identical to a paragraph of Michelle Obama's speech at the 2008 Democratic National Convention.[64][65][66] When asked about the speech, Trump said she wrote the speech herself "with as little help as possible."[67] Two days later, Trump staff writer Meredith McIver took responsibility and apologized for the "confusion".[68]

Lawsuit against Daily Mail and General Trust

In February 2017, she sued Daily Mail and General Trust, the owner of The Daily Mail, seeking $150 million in damages over an August 2016 article that falsely alleged that she had worked for an escort service during her modeling days. The Mail retracted the article, apologized, and printed the retraction from the blogger they were quoting, who said: "I had no legitimate factual basis to make these false statements and I fully retract them".[69] The lawsuit stated the article had ruined her "unique, once-in-a-lifetime opportunity" to establish "multimillion dollar business relationships for a multi-year term during which Plaintiff is one of the most photographed women in the world".[70] Her claim raised potential ethical questions with its implication that she intended to profit from being First Lady.[71] On February 18, the lawsuit was amended, removing the language about her earning potential and focusing instead on emotional distress.[72] In April 2017, the parties settled the lawsuit and the Daily Mail issued a statement that said, "We accept that these allegations about Mrs Trump are not true and we retract and withdraw them." The Mail agreed to pay her $2.9 million.[73][74]

Statement on bullying

Five days before the election, she told a crowd of supporters in Pennsylvania: "Our culture has gotten too mean and too rough, especially to children and teenagers. It is never OK when a 12-year-old girl or boy is mocked, bullied, or attacked. It is terrible when that happens on the playground. And it is absolutely unacceptable when it is done by someone with no name hiding on the internet."[75] Regarding the contrast of her platform with her husband's use of Twitter during his campaign, Melania said shortly after the election that she had rebuked him "all the time" but that "he will do what he wants to do in the end".[76]

First Lady of the United States

Donald and Melania at the Liberty Ball on Inauguration Day, January 20, 2017

She assumed the role of First Lady of the United States on January 20, 2017.[77][78] She continued living in Manhattan at the Trump Tower with their son, Barron, until the end of his 2016–2017 school year at Columbia Grammar & Preparatory School.[79][80] They moved into the White House in Washington, D.C., on June 11, 2017.[81] Her Secret Service code name is "Muse" (beginning with the same letter as Trump's code name, "Mogul", per Secret Service tradition).[82] Her staff of nine is less than half of that of the two previous first ladies.[83]

She is the second foreign-born woman to hold the title of First Lady, after Louisa Adams, wife of John Quincy Adams, who was born in 1775 in London to a father from Maryland and an English mother.[84][85] She is the first First Lady to be a naturalized citizen (rather than birthright citizen), and the first whose mother tongue is not English.[86] At 5 feet 11 inches (1.80 m), she is also one of the tallest First Ladies, tied with Michelle Obama and Eleanor Roosevelt.[87]

Melania and Donald at King Khalid International Airport, May 2017

On March 8, 2017, she hosted her first White House event, a luncheon for International Women's Day. She spoke to an audience of women about her life as a female immigrant, and about working towards gender equality both domestically and abroad, noting the role of education as a tool against gender inequality.[88][89][90]

In January 2018, The Wall Street Journal reported that during a three-month period where she lived in New York the previous year, she took Air Force jet flights (between New York City, Florida and Washington) at a cost of more than $675,000 to taxpayers.[91][92] In comparison, former first lady Michelle Obama's solo travel cost an average of about $350,000 a year.[91][92]

On January 30, 2018 – the night of the State of the Union address – she broke with tradition when she rode with her guests in a separate car in the Presidential motorcade, rather than riding with her husband in the presidential limousine.[93]

Emmanuel Macron's official state visit to the United States, April 2018

On March 13, 2018, Trump scheduled a March 20 meeting with policy executives from technology companies, including Amazon, Facebook, Google, Snap, and Twitter, to address online harassment and Internet safety, with a particular focus on how those issues affect children.[94] Trump's office has avoided use of the term "cyberbullying,"[94] and Trump has come under criticism for championing Internet civility while her husband's Internet behavior has been noted as uncivil.[94][95] Trump attended the roundtable event, focusing on how children are affected by modern technology. Trump said "I am well aware that people are skeptical of me discussing this topic," but "that will not stop me from doing what I know is right."[96]

Trump took an active role in planning the Trump administration's first state dinner on April 23, 2018, to honor French President Emmanuel Macron.[97] With Brigitte Macron, the French president's wife, Trump visited a Paul Cézanne exhibit at the National Gallery of Art the day before.[98][99][100]

Be Best campaign

President Donald J. Trump and First Lady Melania Trump at the announcement of the First Lady’s Be Best initiative.

On May 7, 2018, Trump formally started the Be Best public awareness campaign, focusing on well-being for youth, and advocating against cyberbullying and drug use.[101] The campaign was accompanied by a booklet that was promoted as having been written "By First Lady Melania Trump and the Federal Trade Commission [FTC]", but it was nearly identical to a document prepared in 2014 by the FTC.[102] The similarities prompted accusations of plagiarism, to which her office responded by admonishing the press for reporting on the issue.[103] The fact checking site Snopes found the charge of plagiarism "Mostly False" saying, "Melania Trump did not claim she had written the pamphlet herself, and she contributed an introduction to a slightly revised version of the booklet. The FTC was always credited for the creation of the booklet and supported its inclusion in the First Lady's 'Be Best' campaign."[104]

Immigration

On June 17, 2018, referring to the Trump administration's "Zero Tolerance" immigration policy under which children were separated from their parents, Trump stated that she "hates to see children separated from their families" and wants there to be "successful immigration reform."[105] On June 21 she held a publicly unannounced trip to Texas to get a first-hand look at the crisis, and held a roundtable with doctors, medical staff, social workers and other experts at the Upbring New Hope center.[106]

Fashion

Trump almost immediately became a fashion icon after her husband's inauguration on January 20, 2017, with various media outlets reporting on her fashion choices. Vogue has compared Trump's wardrobe as First Lady to that of Jacqueline Kennedy and Nancy Reagan, noting that she prefers "strongly tailored pieces" in bold colors and almost exclusively wears high-end designers.[107][108]

Philanthropy

Melania Trump visiting the Cincinnati Children's Hospital in February 2018

Trump is involved with a number of charities, including the Martha Graham Dance Company,[109] the Boys Club of New York, the American Red Cross,[110] Make A Wish Foundation and the Police Athletic League.[39][111]

Personal life

Languages

Trump's native language is Slovene. She also speaks English and Serbo-Croatian.[112] Trump has said that she also speaks French, Italian, and German.[113]

Religion

When the President and First Lady visited Vatican City in May 2017, she said that she is a Catholic. She is the first Catholic to live in the White House since President John F. Kennedy and his wife Jacqueline and the second Catholic First Lady of the United States.[10][9]

Health

On May 14, 2018, she underwent an embolization, a minimally-invasive procedure to deliberately block a blood vessel,[114] to treat a benign kidney condition. The procedure was successful and there were no complications reported.[115]

References

  1. ↑ "Melania Trump votes in N.Y. primary". The Washington Post. April 19, 2016. Retrieved June 14, 2018.
  2. 1 2 3 Jordan, Mary (September 30, 2015). "Meet Melania Trump, a New Model for First Lady". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 1, 2015.
  3. ↑ Otterbourg, Ken (August 27, 2016). "The mystery that is Melania Trump". The State. Retrieved November 30, 2016.
  4. ↑ Gorman, Michele (March 14, 2016). "Why the presidential candidates' spouses are the most interesting ever". Newsweek. New York City: Newsweek Media Group. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
  5. ↑ "Melania Knauss". The FMD. Retrieved November 17, 2015.
  6. 1 2 Caldwell, Alicia; Day, Chad; Pearson, Jake (November 5, 2016). "Melania Trump Modeled in US Prior to Getting Work Visa". Associated Press. Retrieved April 30, 2017.
  7. ↑ "Melania will be the first non-US born first lady since?". PolitiFact. Retrieved 2018-09-21.
  8. ↑ Waxman, Olivia B. (November 9, 2016). "Meet the Only First Lady Before Melania Trump Not to Have Been Born in the U.S." Time. New York City: Meredith Corporation. Retrieved September 1, 2018.
  9. 1 2 "US First Lady Melania Trump Is Catholic, Spokeswoman Confirms". The Catholic Herald. May 26, 2017. Retrieved May 26, 2017.
  10. 1 2 Sieczkowski, Cavan (May 25, 2017). "Melania Trump Will Be The First Catholic To Live At The White House Since JFK". HuffPost.
  11. 1 2 Collins, Lauren (May 9, 2016). "The Model American: Melania Trump is the exception to her husband's nativist politics". The New Yorker.
  12. ↑ "O Melaniji je prvi poročal Dolenjski list" [The First to Report about Melania was Dolenjski List]. Dolenjski list [Lower Carniola Newspaper] (in Slovenian). November 10, 2016.
  13. ↑ "Melania Trump Biography: Model (1970–)". Biography.com (FYI / A&E Networks). Retrieved November 22, 2016.
  14. 1 2 Greenhouse, Emily (August 17, 2015). "Vitamins & Caviar: Getting to Know Melania Trump". Bloomberg Politics. Retrieved September 4, 2015.
  15. ↑ "Tednik CELJAN". Celjan.si. Retrieved November 25, 2011.
  16. ↑ "Melania Trump: Slovenian Model Legend". April 13, 2016.
  17. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Peretz, Evgenia (April 21, 2017). "Inside the Trump Marriage: Melania’s Burden". Vanity Fair.
  18. ↑ Klein, Betsy (February 22, 2017). "Melania Trump's sister shows rare behind-the-scenes look on social media". CNN. Retrieved June 26, 2018. Knauss, an artist, has also shared throwback images of her own fashion designs.
  19. ↑ Denton, Elizabeth (April 10, 2017). "Meet Ines Knauss, Melania Trump's Mostly Unknown Sister". Allure. Retrieved June 26, 2018. The paper found that Trump's sister is an artist, and her Facebook page is filled with her work, including sketches and paintings.
  20. ↑ "Melania Trump's secret weapon revealed — big sister Ines Knauss". The Australian. February 22, 2017. Ines Knauss has lived close to Melania for two decades and is a longtime confidant of the First Lady.
  21. ↑ Dewast, Louise, "A Glimpse of Melania Trump's Childhood in Slovenia". ABC News (March 7, 2016).
  22. ↑ Rapkin, Mickey (May 17, 2016). "Lady and the Trump". Du Jour. Retrieved August 28, 2016.
  23. ↑ A Crash Course on Ms.Trump, CBS News. Retrieved October 11, 2016.
  24. ↑ Wellington, Elizabeth (May 25, 2017). "Melania Trump only the second Catholic first lady to meet a pope". Philadelphia Media Network. Retrieved May 25, 2017. Trump’s father was a member of the Communist party in Slovenia, which meant the family were officially atheists. Donald Trump is Presbyterian; the couple married in an Episcopal church.
  25. ↑ Požar, Bojan (February 18, 2016). Melania Trump - The Inside Story: The Potential First Lady Kindle. Zalozba Ombo d.o.o. Ljubljana. pp. 111–113. Melanija Knavs was baptised on 14 June 1970 in Raka (the village where here mother came from). The church was called St. Lawrence, the master of ceremony was pastor Franc Campa. Her sister Ines had also been baptised there, and there had been a church service following the official civil marriage of her parents in 1967 (Požar, p. 94). This was all not in accordance with what was officially allowed to members of the Communist Party, but it was nevertheless quite common to do it secretly.
  26. ↑ Alvarez, Inma; Vombergar, Marko (June 5, 2017). "Melania Trump spoke with Slovenian cardinal about her baptism". Aleteia. Retrieved June 14, 2017. In the interview, the cardinal reports that Melania spoke with him of her baptism in Raka (her mother’s hometown), close to Melania’s birthplace of Novo Mesto.
  27. ↑ "Melania Trump's Past Took Her From A River Town In Slovenia To Trump Tower". HuffPost. February 12, 2016.
  28. ↑ Horowitz, Jason (July 18, 2016). "Melania Trump: From Small-Town Slovenia to Doorstep of White House". The New York Times.
  29. ↑ Kessler, Glenn, and Michelle Ye Hee Lee, "Fact-checking the second day of the 2016 Republican National Convention". The Washington Post (June 19, 2016) ("the University of Ljubljana confirmed that Melania dropped out of college before obtaining a degree.").
  30. ↑ Lauren Collins (May 9, 2016). "The Model American: Melania Trump is the exception to her husband's nativist politics". The New Yorker. Her Web site states that she obtained a degree in architecture and design from the University of Ljubljana when in fact she dropped out in her first year.
  31. ↑ Morona, Joey, "Melania Trump didn't graduate from college as bio claims, reports say". Cleveland Plain Dealer. (July 19, 2016) ("Her bio on her official website states she graduated with a degree in design and architecture from 'University in Slovenia.' It's a claim that's been repeated by the Trump campaign and the Republican National Committee in the Republican Convention's official program.
  32. ↑ "Melania Trump Juggles Motherhood, Marriage, and a Career Just Like Us". Parenting.com.
  33. ↑ "Stane Jerko – fotograf, ki je odkril Melanijo" [Stane Jerko, the Photographer Who Discovered Melania] (in Slovenian). April 24, 2016.
  34. ↑ "10 Things You Should Know About Melania Trump".
  35. 1 2 Charles, Marissa (August 16, 2015). "Melania Trump would be a First Lady for the Ages". New York Post. Retrieved August 17, 2015.
  36. 1 2 Ioffe, Julia (April 27, 2016). "Melania Trump on Her Rise, Her Family Secrets, and Her True Political Views: "Nobody Will Ever Know"". GQ. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  37. ↑ Wilkie, Christina (July 19, 2016). "Melania Trump's Claims She Graduated From College Are About As Credible As Her Speech Last Night". HuffPost. Retrieved July 20, 2016.
  38. 1 2 "Melania Knauss Biography". Star Pulse. Archived from the original on May 25, 2011. Retrieved May 2, 2011.
  39. 1 2 Friedman, Lindsay (February 25, 2016). "Melania Trump's Business Leanings and 4 Other Things You Should Know About the Potential First Lady". Entrepreneur Magazine. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
  40. ↑ O'Callaghan, Lauren (July 21, 2017). "Melania Trump net worth revealed: Donald Trump's wife sitting on THIS much cash". The Express. Retrieved 3 July 2018.
  41. 1 2 Hall, Kevin G. (February 22, 2017). "White House says Melania isn't in business. So why are her companies still active?". McClatchy. Retrieved 3 July 2018.
  42. ↑ Snell, Kelsey (January 20, 2017). "White House website promotes Melania Trump's modeling and jewelry line". The Washington Post. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 3 July 2018.
  43. ↑ Horowitz, Jason. "When Donald Met Melanie, Paolo Was There". The New York Times. Retrieved December 29, 2017.
  44. ↑ King, Larry (May 17, 2005). "Interview with Donald, Melania Trump". CNN. Retrieved September 4, 2015.
  45. ↑ cover of Weddings In Style
  46. ↑ cover of Avenue magazine
  47. ↑ cover of Philadelphia Style
  48. ↑ cover for Vanity Fair
  49. ↑ cover of Vogue
  50. 1 2 Wadler, Joyce (December 2, 1999). "A Supermodel at the White House?". New Straits Times. Retrieved September 4, 2015.
  51. ↑ "Melania Trump: The unusual, traditional First Lady". BBC. February 9, 2017. Retrieved June 25, 2018.
  52. ↑ Holz, George. "Melania Knauss, FHM, December 1, 2000". Getty Images. Archived from the original on November 17, 2015. Retrieved November 17, 2015.
  53. ↑ Donnelly, Shannon (January 23, 2005). "Donald Trump wedding: Vow wow". Palm Beach Daily News. Retrieved November 25, 2016. The beauty of The Episcopal Church of Bethesda-by-the-Sea was unadorned, with only giant bows fashioned from orchids and white roses at the end of each pew and simple but elegant white arrangements on the candlelit altar. The bride walked down the aisle carrying only an ancient rosary not to Lohengrin or Wagner, but to a vocalist singing Ave Maria in an exquisite soprano voice. The Rev. Ralph R. Warren performed the traditional Episcopalian service at the landmark church, which was filled to capacity.
  54. 1 2 3 4 Stoynoff, Natasha (January 23, 2005). "Donald Trump Weds Melania Knauss". People. Retrieved August 17, 2015.
  55. ↑ Gillin, Joshua (July 21, 2015). "The Clintons really did attend Donald Trump's 2005 wedding". Politifact (Tampa Bay Times/Miami Herald). Retrieved August 21, 2015.
  56. ↑ "The Donald's youngest son, Barron.". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved July 18, 2017.
  57. ↑ Schneider, Karen S. (May 1, 2006). "Billion Dollar Baby: He Has Mom's Eyes, Dad's Lips, His Own Floor in Trump Tower and Doting Parents: Welcome to the World of Barron William Trump". People. Retrieved September 7, 2015.
  58. ↑ Effron, Lauren (November 20, 2015). "Why You Don't See Donald Trump's Wife Melania Out on the Campaign Trail". ABC News.
  59. ↑ Dickson, Rebecca (July 17, 2016). "Melania Trump anything but the typical candidate's wife".
  60. ↑ "After convention stumble, Melania Trump has largely vanished from campaign".
  61. ↑ "Melania Trump makes first solo campaign appearance in Philadelphia - News - DW.COM - 03.11.2016". dw.com. Deutsche Welle.
  62. ↑ Bradner, Eric (November 4, 2016). "Melania Trump: Ending social media bullying would be focus as first lady". CNN. Retrieved November 11, 2016.
  63. ↑ Tynan, Dan (July 29, 2016). "Melania no more: why did Donald Trump take down his wife's website?". The Guardian. Retrieved August 28, 2016.
  64. ↑ Tumulty, Karen; Costa, Robert; Del Real, Jose (July 19, 2016). "Scrutiny of Melania Trump's speech follows plagiarism allegations". The Washington Post. Retrieved July 19, 2016.
  65. ↑ Bump, Philip (July 19, 2016). "Melania Trump's speech appears to have cribbed from Michelle Obama's in 2008". The Washington Post. Retrieved July 19, 2016.
  66. ↑ Haberman, Maggie; Rappeport, Alan; Healy, Patrick (July 19, 2016). "Melania Trump's Speech Bears Striking Similarities to Michelle Obama's in 2008". The New York Times. Retrieved July 19, 2016.
  67. ↑ Stump, Scott (July 19, 2016). "Melania Trump On Convention Speech: 'I Wrote It with as Little Help as Possible'". Today.
  68. ↑ Sullivan, Sean; Stanley-Becker, Issac (July 20, 2016). "Cruz Doesn't Endorse Trump in Convention Speech, Prompting Boos and Drama". Politics. The Washington Post. Retrieved August 4, 2016.
  69. ↑ "Melania Trump: A retraction". Daily Mail. September 1, 2016. Retrieved March 18, 2017.
  70. ↑ Puente, Maria (February 7, 2017). "Melanie Trump's 'Daily Mail' Lawsuit: A FLOTUS First?". USA Today. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  71. ↑ Reid, Paula (February 7, 2017). "Melania Trump libel suit settled, another filed". CBS News. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  72. ↑ Bennett, Kate (February 22, 2017). "Melania Trump drops controversial language from $150 million defamation suit". CNN. Retrieved March 16, 2017.
  73. ↑ "UK's Daily Mail to Pay Melania Trump Damages over Modeling Claims". Reuters. April 12, 2017. Retrieved April 12, 2017.
  74. ↑ Paiella, Gabriella (April 12, 2017). "Melania Trump's Daily Mail Lawsuit Settled for $2.9 Million". Out. Retrieved April 12, 2017.
  75. ↑ Zorthian, Julia (November 3, 2016). "Read Melania Trump's Campaign Speech Addressing Cyberbullying". Time. New York City: Meredith Corporation. Retrieved November 11, 2016.
  76. ↑ Flores, Reena (November 13, 2016). "Melania Trump rebukes her husband 'all the time' for Twitter use". CBS News. Retrieved November 14, 2016.
  77. ↑ Diamond, Jeremy (November 10, 2016). "America, meet your new first lady". CNN. Retrieved November 20, 2016.
  78. ↑ "Louisa Adams - First Ladies". History.com. Retrieved November 19, 2016.
  79. ↑ "Melania, Barron Trump to remain in NYC until end of school year". Fox News Channel. November 20, 2016. Retrieved November 29, 2016.
  80. ↑ Andrews-Dyer, Helena (November 20, 2016). "Donald Trump confirms that wife Melania and son Barron will stay in New York after the presidential inauguration". The Washington Post.
  81. ↑ Johnson, Alex (June 11, 2017). "First Lady Melania Trump, Son Barron, 11, Move Into the White House". NBC News. Retrieved June 12, 2017.
  82. ↑ Watkins, Eli (November 26, 2016). "Here are the Secret Service code names for Trump, Pence". CNN. Retrieved March 18, 2017.
  83. ↑ Ellison, Sarah (November 2017). ""She Didn't Want This Come Hell Or High Water": Inside Melania Trump's Secretive East Wing". Vanity Fair. Retrieved June 26, 2018.
  84. ↑ "Melania to be 1st foreign-born First Lady since 1820s". The Hindu. November 9, 2016. Retrieved November 9, 2016.
  85. ↑ "US election: Trump children - who is the new first family?". BBC News. November 9, 2016. Retrieved November 9, 2016.
  86. ↑ "Melania Trump Makes History As First Immigrant First Lady, Fluent In Five Languages". The Inquisitr News. Retrieved January 23, 2017.
  87. ↑ "A crash course on Melania Trump". CBS News.
  88. ↑ CNN, Betsy Klein and Kate Bennett. "First lady touts equality at International Women's Day luncheon". CNN. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  89. ↑ "First Lady Melania Trump Hosts a Luncheon for International Women's Day". Cosmopolitan. March 9, 2017. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  90. ↑ "Melania Trump 'recalls her immigrant past' as she pushes for equality on International Women's Day". The Telegraph. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  91. 1 2 Grimaldi, James V.; Nicholas, Peter (January 29, 2018). "Melania Trump's Military Flights Before Her Move to Washington Cost More Than $675,000". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved January 29, 2018.
  92. 1 2 Savransky, Rebecca (January 29, 2018). "Melania Trump's military flights while living in New York cost more than $675,000: report". TheHill. Retrieved January 29, 2018.
  93. ↑ Bennett, Kate (January 31, 2018). "Melania Trump Arrived at State of the Union Separately from the President". CNN.com. Archived from the original on January 31, 2018. Retrieved February 3, 2018.
  94. 1 2 3 Romm, Tony (March 13, 2018). "Melania Trump will meet with tech giants including Facebook and Google to talk cyberbullying". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  95. ↑ "Kimmel: Melania Trump emerges after 'Winter Stormy Daniels' to renew cyberbullying crusade". Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  96. ↑ CNN, Kate Bennett,. "Melania Trump addresses critics head-on". CNN. Retrieved April 23, 2018.
  97. ↑ "Melania Trump's first state dinner will feature a nod to the Clintons". Retrieved April 23, 2018.
  98. ↑ de Royer, Solenn (April 27, 2018). "Les confidences de Brigitte Macron à Washington". Le Monde. Retrieved April 28, 2018.
  99. ↑ Henley, Jon (April 27, 2018). "Brigitte Macron lauds 'really fun' Melania Trump – but says 'she can't go outside'". The Guardian. Retrieved April 28, 2018.
  100. ↑ Sampathkumar, Mythili (April 27, 2018). "Brigitte Macron says Melania Trump is 'really fun' but 'can't even go outside'". The Independent. Retrieved April 28, 2018.
  101. ↑ "Melania Trump launches 'BE BEST' awareness campaign for kids". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved May 7, 2018.
  102. ↑ Smith, David (2018-05-08). "Melania Trump in new plagiarism row over online safety pamphlet". the Guardian. Retrieved 2018-05-08.
  103. ↑ "As Melania Trump Faces Plagiarism Claims, Her Staff Lashes Out at News Media". The New York Times. 2018-05-08. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2018-05-08.
  104. ↑ "Did Melania Trump Plagiarize a Pamphlet for the 'Be Best' Campaign?". Snopes. Retrieved August 21, 2018.
  105. ↑ "Melania Trump calls for child migrant action". BBC News. 2018-06-18. Retrieved 2018-06-18.
  106. ↑ CNN, Kate Bennett,. "Melania Trump makes surprise visit to border facilities". CNN. Retrieved 2018-06-21.
  107. ↑ Barsamian, Edward. "Melania Trump Redefining First Lady Style". Vogue. Retrieved January 11, 2018.
  108. ↑ Liao, Marina. "Keeping Up With Melania Trump's Outfits". Popsugar. Popsugar. Retrieved January 11, 2018.
  109. ↑ "Anatomy of a Gossip Item". New York Social Diary. March 30, 2005. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
  110. ↑ Webb, Kristina (February 4, 2017). "Inside look as President Trump attends Red Cross Ball". The Palm Beach Post. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
  111. ↑ Simon, Caroline. "10 things you don't know about Melania Trump". Business Insider. Business Insider. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
  112. ↑ Yglesias, Matthew (July 18, 2016). "Melania Trump, explained". Vox. Retrieved August 11, 2016.
  113. ↑ On the Record with Greta Van Susteren from May 26, 2016, retrieved April 16, 2017
  114. ↑ Scutti, Susan. "What we know -- and don't know -- about Melania Trump's procedure". CNN. Retrieved 2018-06-06.
  115. ↑ Singman, Brooke (2018-05-14). "First lady Melania Trump in hospital, underwent 'successful' kidney procedure". Fox News. Retrieved 2018-05-15.
Honorary titles
Preceded by
Michelle Obama		 First Lady of the United States
2017–present		 Incumbent
Honorary Chair of the
President's Committee on the Arts and Humanities
2017–present
Preceded by
Ann Romney		 Spouse of the Republican nominee for President of the United States
2016		 Most recent
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.