Maroon

Maroon
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #800000
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (128, 0, 0)
HSV       (h, s, v) (0°, 100%, 50%)
Source HTML/CSS[1]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Maroon ( /məˈruːn/ mə-ROON,[2]) is a dark brownish red color[3] that takes its name from the French word marron, or chestnut.[4]

The Oxford English Dictionary describes it as "a brownish crimson or claret color."[5]

In the RGB model used to create colors on computer screens and televisions, maroon is created by turning down the brightness of pure red to about one half. Maroon is the complement of teal.

Etymology

Chestnut

Maroon is derived from French marron ("chestnut"),[6] itself from the Italian marrone that means both chestnut and brown (but the color maroon in Italian is granata and in French is grenat), from the medieval Greek maraon.[7]

The first recorded use of maroon as a color name in English was in 1789.[8]


In culture

Business

  • Maroon is the signature color of the Japanese private rail company, Hankyu Railway, decided by a vote of women customers in 1923.[9] In the 1990s, Hankyu planned an alternative color as it was developing new vehicles. That plan was called off following opposition by local residents.

Government

  • Maroon was named as the official color of the state of Queensland, Australia, in November 2003. While the declared shade of maroon is RGB 115/24/44, Queenslanders display the spirit of the state by wearing all shades of maroon at sporting and cultural events.[10]

Military

  • The distinctive maroon beret has been worn by many airborne forces around the world since 1942.[11] It is sometimes referred to as the "red beret."
  • Historically maroon was the distinguishing colour of the Caçadores (rifle) regiments of the Portuguese Army.

Music

Religion

School colors
Many universities, colleges, high schools and other educational institutions have maroon as one of their school colors. Popular combinations include maroon and white, maroon and grey, and maroon and gold.

Sports
Sports teams often use maroon as one of their identifying colors, as a result many have received the nickname "Maroons".

  • The University of Chicago Maroons have used the nickname (and the corresponding color) since a vote came at a meeting of students and faculty on May 5, 1894.[22]
  • Maroons was the official nickname of the athletic teams representing Mississippi State College, now Mississippi State University from 1932 until 1961 when it was officially changed to the Bulldogs. Bulldogs had been used as an unofficial nickname as far back as 1905.[23]
  • Maroons is also the common nickname for the Queensland Rugby League team when it plays against the Blues (the New South Welshmen) in an annual competition of 3 games known as the State of Origin series in Australia.

Vexillology (The study of Flags)

  • Maroon and white are the colors of the Flag of Qatar. The Flag of Latvia is sometimes called maroon and white, but the legal colors were red and white,[24] but in 2009 the colors were changed to carmine and white.[25]

Commercial variations of maroon

Bright maroon

Bright Maroon
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #C32148
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (195, 33, 72)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k) (0, 83, 63, 24)
HSV       (h, s, v) (346°, 83%, 76%)
Source Crayola
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Displayed on the right is the bright tone of maroon that was designated as maroon in Crayola crayons beginning in 1949.

It is a bright medium shade of maroon halfway between brown and rose.

The color halfway between brown and rose is crimson, so this color is also a tone of crimson.

Rich maroon (maroon (X11))

Rich maroon [ maroon (X11) ]
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #B03060
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (176, 48, 96)
HSV       (h, s, v) (338°, 73%, 69%)
Source X11 color names#Color name clashes
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Displayed on the right is the color rich maroon, i.e. maroon as defined in the X11 color names, which is much brighter and more toned toward rose than the HTML/CSS maroon shown above.

See the chart Color name clashes in the X11 color names article to see those colors that are different in HTML/CSS and X11.

Dark red

Dark Red
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet #8B0000
sRGBB  (r, g, b) (139, 0, 0)
CMYKH   (c, m, y, k) (0, 100, 100, 45)
HSV       (h, s, v) (0°, 100%, 55%)
Source X11
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Displayed on the right is the web color dark red.


See also

References

  1. ↑ "CSS Color Module Level 3". w3.org.
  2. ↑ "maroon (Random House (US) & Collins (UK) dictionaries)". Dictionary.com. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
  3. ↑ "dark brownish purple" - Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language, College Edition, World Publishing Company, (1964)
  4. ↑ Webster's New World Dictionary of American English, 3rd College Edition, (1988). "A dark brown." Random House College Dictionary (1975), "a dark brownish."
  5. ↑ Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, 5th edition, 1973.
  6. ↑ "maroon". Princeton WordNet.
  7. ↑ Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, 5th Edition (1973).
  8. ↑ Maerz and Paul. A Dictionary of Color. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1930, Page 198; Color Sample of Maroon: Page 37, Plate 7, Color Sample L7
  9. ↑ Robertson, Jennifer Ellen (1998). Takarazuka: Sexual Politics and Popular Culture in Modern Japan (ebook ed.). p. 153. ISBN 978-0-520-92012-5.
  10. ↑ "State Colour". Queensland Government.
  11. ↑ "The Parachute Regiment "Paras"". specialoperations.com. Archived from the original on 2011-11-28.
  12. ↑ New York Times February 19, 2009--Tibetan Buddhist monks call for boycott of 2009 Tibetan New Year celebrations to protest casualties of 2008 Tibetan unrest (see picture of Tibetan Vajrayana Buddhist monks):
  13. ↑ https://university-relations.umn.edu/resources/colors-and-type
  14. ↑ "Minnesota Golden Gophers Colors". Retrieved 2018-04-23.
  15. ↑ "Minnesota". NCAA. Retrieved 2018-04-23.
  16. ↑ The Blue Book of College Athletics. Rohrich Corporation. 1966. p. 253.
  17. ↑ "Autumn Events". Shimer College Record. 44 (4). October 1952. p. 2.
  18. ↑ (PDF) http://news.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/attachments/_uchicago.identity.guidelines.pdf. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  19. ↑ McMenamin, Dave (December 17, 2012). "Kobe Bryant feeling fine in Philly". ESPN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  20. ↑ "Mississippi State Traditions". HailState.com.
  21. ↑ "Mississippi State Traditions". HailState.com.
  22. ↑ "Mississippi State Traditions". HailState.com.
  23. ↑ "Maroon, Maroons, and the Phoenix". Athletics.UChicago.edu.
  24. ↑ According to the 1994 law, Latvijas valsts karogs ir sarkans ar baltu svītru. (Latvian national flag is red with a white stripe.) "Par Latvijas valsts karogu (The Latvian flag)" (in Latvian). The Saeima (legislature) of Latvia. 1994. Archived from the original on 2 March 2009. Sarkans is the word for "red" in Latvian, while "maroon" is petarde. Turkina, Eiženija & Zitare, K. (1977). Latvian-English Dictionary (second ed.). Waverly, Iowa: Latvju Gramata (Rota Press). OCLC 3085262.
  25. ↑ Latvijas valsts karogs ir karmīnsarkans ar baltu horizontālu svītru. (The Latvian national flag is carmine with white horizontal stripes.)"Latvijas valsts karoga likums (The Latvian flag law)" (in Latvian). The Saeima (legislature) of Latvia. 17 November 2009.
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