List of wars involving Portugal

This is an incomplete list of wars and conflicts involving Portugal since end of the Leonese rule in 1139.

Kingdom of Portugal (1139–1910)

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Result
Battle of Ourique
(1139)
County of Portugal Andalusian Muslims of the Almoravids Victory
Conquest of Santarém and Siege of Lisbon
(1147)
Kingdom of Portugal Andalusian Muslims of the Almoravids Victory
  • Conquest of Santarém and Lisbon
Siege of Santarém
(1184)
Kingdom of Portugal
Kingdom of León
Almohad Caliphate Victory
  • Pope Alexander III formally recognized Afonso I as rex Portugalensium
Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa
(1212)
Kingdom of Portugal
Kingdom of Castile
Crown of Aragon
Almohad Caliphate Victory
  • Turning point in the Reconquista
Battle of Río Salado
(1340)
Kingdom of Portugal
Crown of Castile
Sultanate of Morocco
Ottoman Empire
Emirate of Granada
Victory
  • Defeat of the Marinid invasion
Siege of Algeciras (1342–44) Kingdom of Portugal
Crown of Castile
Morocco Sultanate of Morocco
Emirate of Granada
Victory
War of the Two Peters
(1356-1375)
Crown of Castile
Supported by:
Kingdom of England
Republic of Genoa
Kingdom of Portugal
Kingdom of Navarre
Kingdom of Granada
Crown of Aragon
Supported by:
Henry of Trastámara
Kingdom of France
Indecisive
1383–85 Portuguese interregnum
(1383-1385)
Kingdom of Portugal
Supported by:
Kingdom of England
Crown of Castile
Supported by:
Kingdom of France
Crown of Aragon
Victory
  • Consolidation of Portuguese independence.
Conquest of Ceuta
(1415)
Kingdom of Portugal Sultanate of Morocco Victory
Siege of Ceuta (1419)
Kingdom of Portugal Sultanate of Morocco
Emirate of Granada
Victory
Battle of Tangier (1437)
Kingdom of Portugal Sultanate of Morocco Defeat
Conquest of Asilah
(1471)
Kingdom of Portugal Wattasid Morocco Victory
War of the Castilian Succession
(1475–1479)
Kingdom of Portugal
Kingdom of France
Crown of Castile
Crown of Aragon
Indecisive
  • Isabella is recognised as Queen of Castile
  • Marriage of Isabella of Aragon and Afonso of Portugal
  • Portugal gains hegemony in the Atlantic south of the Canary Islands
  • Portugal recognizes Castile's claim to the Canary Islands
Battle of Cochin (1504)
(1504)
Portugal
Kingdom of Cochin
Calicut

Vassal Malabari states (Edapalli, Cranganore, Kottakkal, Kingdom of Tanur, Beypore, Chaliyam, Pariyapuram etc.)[1]

Victory
Portuguese-Mamluk naval war
(1505-1517)
Portugal Mamluk Sultanate
Kingdom of Calicut
Bijapur Sultanate
Gujarat Sultanate
 Ottoman Empire
Victory
Capture of Ormuz
(1507)
Kingdom of Portugal Kingdom of Ormus
Safavid Empire
Victory
Portuguese conquest of Goa
(1510)
Kingdom of Portugal Adil Shahi dynasty Victory
Battle of Azemmour
(1513)
Kingdom of Portugal Wattasid Morocco Victory
  • Conquest of Azemmour in Morocco
Abyssinian–Adal war
(1529–1543)
Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts
(1538–59)
 Ethiopian Empire
Kingdom of Portugal (1542–43)
Adal Sultanate
 Ottoman Empire (1542–43)
Victory
Siege of Diu
(1538)
Kingdom of Portugal Gujarat Sultanate
Ottoman Empire
Victory
Fall of Agadir
(1541)
Kingdom of Portugal Saadi Morocco Defeat
  • Loss of Agadir in Morocco
1548 capture of Aden
(1548 )
Kingdom of Portugal Ottoman Empire Defeat
  • Ottomans capture Aden, Yemen
Ottoman campaign against Hormuz
(1552-1554)
Kingdom of Portugal Ottoman Empire Victory
  • Ottoman fleet destroyed
Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts
(1558–66)
Kingdom of Portugal Ottoman Empire
Ajuran Sultanate
Indecisive
Battle of Aceh
(1569)
Kingdom of Portugal Aceh Sultanate Sultanate of Aceh Victory
  • Aceh fleet destroyed
War of the League of the Indies
(1570 – 1574)
Kingdom of Portugal Sultanate of Bijapur
Sultanate of Ahmadnagar
Zamorin of Calicut
Aceh Sultanate Sultanate of Aceh
Victory
Battle of Alcácer Quibir
(1578)
Kingdom of Portugal Saadi Morocco
Ottoman Empire
Decisive Defeat
War of the Portuguese Succession
(1580–1583)
Portugal Portugal loyal to Prior of Crato
 France
 England
 United Provinces
Spain Crown of Spain
Portugal Portugal loyal to Philip of Spain
Decisive defeat for António, Prior of Crato
Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts
(1580–89)
Kingdom of Portugal Ottoman Empire
Ajuran Sultanate
Victory
  • Portuguese control in the South East African coast restored and Mir Ali Bey captured
Siege of Johor (1587)
(1587)
Kingdom of Portugal Johor Sultanate Victory
Capture of Ormuz
(1622)
Kingdom of Portugal Safavid Empire
English East India Company
Defeat
  • Ormuz (which was under Portuguese control since 1507) goes back to Persian control
Kongo-Portuguese War
(1622)
Battle of Mbumbi
Kingdom of Portugal Kingdom of Kongo Victory
Battle of River Duyon
(1629)
Kingdom of Portugal Aceh Sultanate Sultanate of Aceh Decisive Victory
  • Aceh's forces destroyed (loses 236 ships, 19,000 soldiers)
Sinhalese–Portuguese War
(1527-1658)
Kingdom of Portugal Kingdom of Sitawaka
Kingdom of Kandy
 Dutch East India Company
(After 1638)
Defeat
Dutch–Portuguese War
(1601–1661)
Kingdom of Portugal  Dutch Republic Indecisive
  • Formation of the Dutch Empire
  • Portuguese Restoration War
  • Portuguese victory in Brazil, Angola and Macau
  • Dutch victory in Ghana, Malacca, Sri Lanka and Indonesia
  • Both sides claim victory in India
Portuguese Restoration War
(1640-1668)
Portugal Kingdom of Portugal
Supported by:
 France
(1641–59)[4]
 Kingdom of England
(after 1662)
Spain Crown of Spain Victory
Battle of Mbwila
(1665)
Kingdom of Portugal Kingdom of Kongo Victory
Kongo-Portuguese War
(1670)
Battle of Kitombo
Kingdom of Portugal Kongo states of Soyo and Ngoyo Indecisive
War of the Spanish Succession
(1701–1714)
Spain Spain loyal to Charles

Austria
 Great Britain (1707–13)[6]

 Dutch Republic
 Prussia
 Portugal
 Savoy
Hanover

Spain Spain loyal to Philip

 France
Bavaria Bavaria (until 1704)
 Mantua

Political victory for Philip
Military victory for Charles

Treaties of Utrecht, Rastatt, and Baden:

  • Austria, Great Britain and the Dutch Republic recognise Philip V as King of Spain but he renounces any claim to the throne of France.
  • Spain cedes territories in Europe.
Ottoman–Venetian War
(1714–1718)
 Republic of Venice
Habsburg Monarchy Austria (from 1716)
 Kingdom of Portugal
 Order of Malta
 Papal States
 Spain
 Ottoman Empire Defeat
Naval Battle of Calicut (1752)
(1752)
Portugal Portugal Maratha Empire Victory
Guaraní War
(1756)
Portugal Portugal
Spain Spain
Guaraní Victory
Seven Years' War
(1756–1763)
 Great Britain
 Prussia
Portugal Portugal (from 1762)
Province of Hanover Hanover
Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Iroquois Confederacy
Hesse-Kassel
Schaumburg-Lippe
 France
Austria
 Russia (until 1762)
Spain Spain (from 1762)
Sweden Sweden (1757–62)
Abenaki nation
Mughal Empire (from 1757)
Victory
Spanish-Portuguese War
(1776-1777)
Kingdom of Portugal Spain Spanish Empire Defeat
Bombardment of Algiers
(1784)
Spain Spain
Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
Sovereign Military Order of Malta Order of Saint John
Portugal
Regency of Algiers Victory
War of the Pyrenees
(1793-1795)
 Spain
 Portugal
Kingdom of France French Émigrés
 France Defeat
War of the Oranges
(1801)
 Portugal Spain Spain
 France
Defeat in Europe
Victory in South America
Tunisian-Sicilian War
(1801-1804)
Kingdom of Sicily
Albanian, German, and Greek mercenaries
 Kingdom of Sardinia (from 1802)

Naval support:
Portugal Portugal
United States United States

Beylik of Tunis
Cyrenaica Tunisian pirates
Regency of Algiers

Eyalet of Tripolitania (from 1803)
Limited support:
Eyalet of Egypt (1802-1803)
Morocco Morocco (1802-1804)

Victory
  • End of Tunisian attacks on Sicilian ships and impression on sailors.
  • Sicilian occupation of Aryanah and La Goulette until 1808.
  • Sardinian occupation of Bizerte and La Marsa until 1809.
  • 3,560 captured Christian-European slaves released.
Peninsular War
(1808-1814)
Spain Bourbon Spain
 United Kingdom
 Portugal
 France
Bonapartist Spain
Duchy of Warsaw
Victory
Portuguese conquest of French Guiana
(1809)
Kingdom of Portugal Portugal

 United Kingdom

 France Victory
Battle of the Tiger's Mouth
(1809-1810)
Portugal Portugal Red Flag Fleet Victory
War of the Sixth Coalition
(1813-1814)
 Russian Empire
Kingdom of Prussia Kingdom of Prussia
 Austrian Empire
 United Kingdom
Sweden Kingdom of Sweden
Spain Spanish Empire
Portugal Kingdom of Portugal
 Two Sicilies
 Kingdom of Sardinia
 First French Empire
 Napoleonic Italy
 Kingdom of Naples
Duchy of Warsaw[lower-alpha 1]
Victory Treaty of Fontainebleau, First Treaty of Paris
War of the Seventh Coalition
(1815)
 Russian Empire
Kingdom of Prussia Kingdom of Prussia
 Austrian Empire
 United Kingdom
Sweden Kingdom of Sweden
Spain Spanish Empire
Portugal Kingdom of Portugal
 Two Sicilies
 Kingdom of Sardinia
 Netherlands
 First French Empire
 Kingdom of Naples
Victory Second Treaty of Paris
Portuguese conquest of the Banda Oriental
(1816 - 1820)
United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves Banda Oriental
 Entre Ríos
 Misiones
Victory
  • Annexation of the Banda Oriental to the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves.
Brazilian War of Independence
(1822-1824)
Portugal  Empire of Brazil
European mercenaries
Defeat
First Carlist War
(1833-1840)
Carlists

Supported by:
Portugal (until 1834)

Liberals

Supported by:
France
United Kingdom
Portugal (from 1834)

Liberal Victory
Revolt of the Faitiões
(1846)
Portugal Portugal Chinese rebels Victory
Baishaling Incident
(1849)
Portugal Portugal China Victory
Bailundo Revolt
(1902-1904)
Portugal Portugal Ovimbundu Kingdoms Victory
Battle of Mufilo
(1907)
Portugal Portugal Ovambo Victory

First Portuguese Republic (1910-1926)

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Result
World War I
(19141918)
 France
 United Kingdom
 Russia
 United States
Republic of China (1912–1949) China
 Italy
 Japan
 Canada
 Australia
 New Zealand
 India
 South Africa
Arab Revolt Hejaz
 Serbia
 Montenegro
 Romania
 Belgium
 Greece
 Portugal
 Brazil
 Germany
 Austria-Hungary
 Ottoman Empire
 Bulgaria
Victory

Second Portuguese Republic (1933-1974)

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Result
Integration of Dadra and Nagar Haveli
(1954)
Portugal Portugal  India Defeat
Angolan War of Independence
(1961-1974)
Portugal Portugal MPLA
FNLA
UNITA
FLEC
Portuguese Military victory
MPLA-Coalition Political victory

Alvor Agreement;

Annexation of Portuguese India
(1961)
Portugal Portugal  India Defeat
Guinea-Bissau War of Independence
(1963-1974)
Portugal Portugal PAIGC
 Guinea (1970 only)
 Cuba[8]
Non-combat support:
 China[9][10][11]
 Soviet Union[12]
 Senegal[13]
 Libya[14][15]
 Algeria[16][17]
PAIGC Political victory[18]
Military stalemate[18]
Mozambican War of Independence
(1964-1974)
Portugal Portugal Mozambique FRELIMO Portuguese military victory
FRELIMO Political victory[18]

Portugal (1974-present)

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Result
Bosnian War
(1994-1995)
Part of the Yugoslav Wars
Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina

Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia Herzeg-Bosnia
 Croatia


 United States
 Belgium
 Canada
 Denmark
 France
 Germany
 Italy
 Luxembourg
 Netherlands
 Norway
 Portugal
 Spain
 Turkey
 United Kingdom

 Republika Srpska
YPA
 Serbian Krajina
Western Bosnia
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia FR Yugoslavia
Victory
  • Dayton Accords
  • Internal partition of Bosnia and Herzegovina according to the Dayton Accords
  • Deployment of NATO-led IFOR to oversee the peace agreement
  • Massive civilian casualties for the Bosniak ethnic group
Kosovo War
(1998-1999)
Part of the Yugoslav Wars
KLA
Albania AFRK
 Albania
 Croatia
 United States
 Belgium
 Canada
 Czech Republic
 Denmark
 France
 Germany
 Hungary
 Italy
 Luxembourg
 Netherlands
 Norway
 Portugal
 Poland
 Spain
 Turkey
 United Kingdom
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia FR Yugoslavia Victory
War in Afghanistan
(2001-2014)
Part of the War on Terror
 United States
 Afghanistan
ISAF
 United Kingdom

 Azerbaijan
 Germany
 Denmark
 Italy
 France
 Canada
 Australia
 New Zealand
 El Salvador
 Armenia
 Georgia
 Norway
 Sweden
 Poland
 Estonia
 Romania
 Turkey
 Bulgaria
 Hungary
 Luxembourg
 Portugal
 Jordan
 Albania
 Iceland
Northern Alliance

Afghanistan Taliban

Allied groups


Taliban splinter groups

2001 invasion:
Afghanistan Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan

al-Qaeda

"Victory"
2006 East Timorese crisis
(2006)
 Australia
 New Zealand
 Malaysia
 Portugal
 East Timor
FTDL elements Victory
  • Violence ends.

Notes

  1. Duchy of Warsaw as a state was in effect fully occupied by Russian and Prussian forces by May 1813, though most Poles remained loyal to Napoleon

References

  1. Barros (p. 140)
  2. 1 2 Henze, Paul B. (2000). Layers of Time: A History of Ethiopia. Hurst & Company. p. 89. ISBN 1850655227.
  3. Historical dictionary of Ethiopia By David Hamilton Shinn, Thomas P. Ofcansky, Chris Prouty pg 171
  4. Treaty of alliance between France and Portugal concluded at Paris, June 1, 1641. Davenport, Frances Gardiner: European Treaties Bearing on the History of the United States and Its Dependencies to 1648. Clark, New Jersey: The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd., 2012. ISBN 9781584774228, pp. 324-328
  5. Birmingham, p.51
  6. The Acts of Union of 1707 united the crowns of England and Scotland, forming the Kingdom of Great Britain. For much of the war, Scottish units were under Dutch pay and operated as part of the army of the Dutch Republic.
  7. Crocker, Chester A.; Fen Osler Hampson; Pamela R. Aall (2005). Grasping The Nettle: Analyzing Cases Of Intractable Conflict. p. 213.
  8. References:
    • Cuba: Havana's Military Machine, the Atlantic, August 1988. "In Guinea-Bissau, Cuban combat units saw action, fighting with Amilcar Cabral's rebel army against Portuguese colonial rule."
    • The Cuban Intervention in Angola, 1965-1991: From Che Guevara to Cuito Cuanavale, 2005. Page 354.
  9. Guerrilla Warfare: A Historical and Critical Study, 1976. Page 362.
  10. Revolution and Chinese Foreign Policy: Peking's Support for Wars of National Liberation Peter van Ness, 1971. Page 143.
  11. Cuba in the World, 1979. Page 95-96.
  12. Amilcar Cabral: Revolutionary Leadership and People's War, 2002. Page 86.
  13. Guerrilla Strategies: An Historical Anthology from the Long March to Afghanistan, 1982. Page 208.
  14. Qaddafi: his ideology in theory and practice, 1986. Page 140.
  15. Imagery and Ideology in U.S. Policy Toward Libya 1969–1982, 1988. Page 70.
  16. Modern African Wars: Angola and Moçambique 1961-1974, 1988. Page 12.
  17. Wars in the Third World since 1945, 1995. Page 35.
  18. 1 2 3 A Guerra - Colonial - do Ultramar - da Libertação, 2nd Season (Portugal 2007, director Joaquim Furtado, RTP)
  19. "Central Asian groups split over leadership of global jihad". The Long War Journal. 24 August 2015. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
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