List of operating systems

This is a list of operating systems. Computer operating systems can be categorized by technology, ownership, licensing, working state, usage, and by many other characteristics. In practice, many of these groupings may overlap. Criteria for inclusion is notability, as shown either through an existing Wikipedia article or citation to a reliable source.

Proprietary

Acorn Computers

Amiga Inc.

Amstrad

Apple Inc.

Apollo Computer

Atari

BAE Systems

Be Inc.

Bell Labs

Non-Unix Operating Systems:

Burroughs Corporation, Unisys

Control Data Corporation

  • Chippewa Operating System (COS)
    • MACE (Mansfield and Cahlander Executive)
      • Kronos (Kronographic OS)
        • NOS (Network Operating System)
          • NOS/BE NOS Batch Environment
          • NOS/VE NOS Virtual Environment
    • SCOPE (Supervisory Control Of Program Execution)
    • SIPROS (for Simultaneous Processing Operating System)
  • EP/IX (Enhanced Performance Unix)

Convergent Technologies

Cromemco

Data General

DataPoint

  • CTOS Z-80 based, Cassette Tape Operating System for early desktop systems. Capable of up to 8 simultaneous users. Replaced by DOS.
  • DOS Intel 808x/80x86-based, Disk Operating Systems for desktop systems. Capable of up to 32 users per node. Supported a sophisticated network of nodes that were often purpose-built. The name DOS was used in these products login screens before it was popularized by IBM, Microsoft and others.

DDC-I, Inc.

  • Deos Time & Space Partitioned RTOS, Certified to DO-178B, Level A since 1998
  • HeartOS Posix-based Hard Real-Time Operating System

Digital Research, Inc.

Digital Equipment Corporation, Tandem Computers, Compaq, Hewlett-Packard

ENEA AB

  • OSE Flexible, small footprint, high-performance RTOS for control processors

Fujitsu

General Electric, Honeywell, Bull

Google

Android 4.0.1 ("Ice Cream Sandwich") on the Galaxy Nexus
  • Chrome OS is designed to work exclusively with web applications. Announced on July 7, 2009, Chrome OS is currently publicly available and was released summer 2011. The Chrome OS source code was released on November 19, 2009, under the BSD license as Chromium OS.
    • Chromium OS is an open source operating system development version of Chrome OS. Both operating systems are based on the Linux kernel.
  • Android is an operating system for mobile devices. It consists of Android Runtime (userland) with Linux (kernel), with its Linux kernel modified to add drivers for mobile device hardware and to remove unused Vanilla Linux drivers.
  • Goobuntu, a Linux distribution that Google uses internally
  • Fuchsia is a capability-based, real-time, operating system (RTOS) scalable to universal devices, in early development, from the tiniest embedded hardware, wristwatches, tablets to the largest personal computers. Unlike Chrome OS and Android, it is not based on the Linux kernel, but instead began on a new microkernel called "Zircon", derived from "Little Kernel".

Green Hills Software

Heathkit, Zenith Data Systems

Hewlett-Packard

  • HP Multi-Programming Executive (MPE, MPE/XL, and MPE/iX) runs on HP 3000 and HP e3000 mini-computers
  • HP-UX; runs on HP9000 and Itanium servers – from small to mainframe-class computers
  • NonStop OS; runs on HP's NonStop line of Itanium servers

Honeywell

Intel Corporation

  • iRMX; real-time operating system originally created to support the Intel 8080 and 8086 processor families in embedded applications.
  • ISIS, ISIS-II; "Intel Systems Implementation Supervisor" was an environment for development of software within the Intel microprocessor family in the early 1980s on their Intellec Microcomputer Development System and clones. ISIS-II worked with 8 inch floppy disks and had an editor, cross-assemblers, a linker, an object locator, debugger, compilers for PL/M, a BASIC interpreter, etc. and allowed file management through a console.

IBM

On early mainframes: 1400, 1800, 701, 704, 709, 7090, 7094

On S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes

  • OS/360 and successors on IBM S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes
    • OS/360 (first official OS targeted for the System/360 architecture),
      Saw customer installations of the following variations:
      • PCP (Primary Control Program, a kernel and a ground breaking automatic space allocating file system)
      • MFT (original Multi-programming with a Fixed number of Tasks, replaced by MFT II)
      • MFT II (Multi-Programming with a Fixed number of Tasks, had up to 15 fixed size application partitions, plus partitions for system tasks, initially defined at boot time but redefinable by operator command)
      • MVT (Multi-Programming Variable Tasks, had up to 15 application regions defined dynamically, plus additional regions for system tasks)
    • OS/VS (port of OS/360 targeted for the System/370 virtual memory architecture, "OS/370" is not correct name for OS/VS1 and OS/VS2, but rather refers to OS/VS2 MVS and MVS/SP Version 1),
      Customer installations in the following variations:
      • SVS (Single Virtual Storage, both VS1 & VS2 began as SVS systems)
      • OS/VS1 (Operating System/Virtual Storage 1, Virtual-memory version of MFT II)
      • OS/VS2 (Operating System/Virtual Storage 2, Virtual-memory version of OS/MVT but without multiprocessing support)
    • MVS/SE (MVS System Extensions)
    • MVS/SP (MVS System Product)
    • MVS/XA (MVS/SP V2. MVS supported eXtended Architecture, 31-bit addressing)
    • MVS/ESA (MVS supported Enterprise System Architecture, horizontal addressing extensions: data only address spaces called Dataspaces; a Unix environment was available starting with MVS/ESA V4R3)
    • OS/390 (Upgrade from MVS, with an additional Unix environment)
    • z/OS (OS/390 supported z/Architecture, 64-bit addressing)
  • DOS/360 and successors on IBM S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes
    • BOS/360 (early interim version of DOS/360, briefly available at a few Alpha & Beta System/360 sites)
    • TOS/360 (similar to BOS above and more fleeting, able to boot and run from 2x00 series tape drives)
    • DOS/360 (Disk Operating System (DOS), multi-programming system with up to 3 partitions, first commonly available OS for System/360)
      • DOS/360/RJE (DOS/360 with a control program extension that provided for the monitoring of remote job entry hardware (card reader & printer) connected by dedicated phone lines)
    • DOS/VS (First DOS offered on System/370 systems, provided virtual storage)
    • DOS/VSE (also known as VSE, upgrade of DOS/VS, up to 14 fixed size processing partitions )
    • VSE/SP (program product replacing DOS/VSE and VSE/AF)
    • VSE/ESA (DOS/VSE extended virtual memory support to 32-bit addresses (Extended System Architecture)).
    • z/VSE (latest version of the four decades old DOS lineage, supports 64-bit addresses, multiprocessing, multiprogramming, SNA, TCP/IP, and some virtual machine features in support of Linux workloads)
  • CP/CMS (Control Program/Cambridge Monitor System) and successors on IBM S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes
  • TPF Line (Transaction Processing Facility) on IBM S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes (largely used by airlines)
  • Unix-like on IBM S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes
  • Others on IBM S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes:
    • BOS/360 (Basic Operating System)
    • MTS (Michigan Terminal System, developed by a group of universities in the US, Canada, and the UK for the IBM System/360 Model 67, System/370 series, and compatible mainframes)
    • RTOS/360 (IBM's Real Time Operating System, ran on 5 NASA custom System/360-75s)[3]
    • TOS/360 (Tape Operating System)
    • TSS/360 (IBM's Time Sharing System)
    • MUSIC/SP (developed by McGill University for IBM System/370)
    • ORVYL and WYLBUR (developed by Stanford University for IBM System/360)

On PC and Intel x86 based architectures

  • PC DOS, IBM DOS
    • PC DOS 1.x, 2.x, 3.x (developed jointly with Microsoft)
    • IBM DOS 4.x, 5.0 (developed jointly with Microsoft)
    • PC DOS 6.1, 6.3, 7, 2000, 7.10

On other hardware platforms

International Computers Limited

  • J and MultiJob for the System 4 series mainframes
  • GEORGE 2/3/4 GEneral ORGanisational Environment, used by ICL 1900 series mainframes
  • Executive, used on the 1900 and 290x range of minicomputers. A modified version of Executive was also used as part of GEORGE 3 and 4.
  • TME, used on the ME29 minicomputer
  • ICL VME, including early variants VME/B and VME/2900, appearing on the ICL 2900 Series and Series 39 mainframes, implemented in S3
  • VME/K on early smaller 2900s

Jide

Lynx Real-time Systems, LynuxWorks, Lynx Software Technologies

Micrium Inc.

  • MicroC/OS-II (small pre-emptive priority based multi-tasking kernel)
  • MicroC/OS-III (small pre-emptive priority based multi-tasking kernel, with unlimited number of tasks and priorities, and round robin scheduling)

Microsoft Corporation

MITS

  • Altair DOS - An early disk operating system for the Altair 8800 machine.

MontaVista

NCR Corporation

  • TMX – Transaction Management eXecutive
  • IMOS - Interactive Multiprogramming Operating System (circa 1978), for the NCR Century 8200 series minicomputers
  • VRX - Virtual Resource eXecutive

Nintendo

  • es is a computer operating system developed originally by Nintendo and since 2008 by Esrille. It is open source and runs natively on x86 platforms.

NeXT

Novell

Quadros Systems

  • RTXC Quadros RTOS proprietary C-based RTOS used in embedded systems

RCA

  • TSOS, first OS supporting virtual addressing of the main storage and support for both timeshare and batch interface

RoweBots

  • DSPnano RTOS 8/16 Bit Ultra Tiny Embedded Linux Compatible RTOS
  • Unison RTOS 32 Bit Open Standards, Linux Compatible, Ultra Tiny Size, Modularity, POSIX-compliant RTOS that supports a variety of wireless modules and provides a complete set of security protocols

Samsung Electronics

  • Bada
  • Tizen is an operating system based on the Linux kernel, a project within the Linux Foundation and is governed by a Technical Steering Group (TSG) while controlled by Samsung and backed by Intel. Tizen works on a wide range of Samsung devices including smartphones, tablets, smart TVs, PCs and wearable.

SCO, SCO Group[4]

  • Xenix, Unix System III based distribution for the Intel 8086/8088 architecture
    • Xenix 286, Unix System V Release 2 based distribution for the Intel 80286 architecture
    • Xenix 386, Unix System V Release 2 based distribution for the Intel 80386 architecture
  • SCO Unix, SCO UNIX System V/386 was the first volume commercial product licensed by AT&T to use the UNIX System trademark (1989). Derived from AT&T System V Release 3.2 with an infusion of Xenix device drivers and utilities plus most of the SVR4 features
    • SCO Open Desktop, the first 32-bit graphical user interface for UNIX Systems running on Intel processor-based computers. Based on SCO Unix
  • SCO OpenServer 5, AT&T UNIX System V Release 3 based
  • SCO OpenServer 6, SVR5 (UnixWare 7) based kernel with SCO OpenServer 5 application and binary compatibility, system administration, and user environments
  • UnixWare
    • UnixWare 2.x, based on AT&T System V Release 4.2MP
    • UnixWare 7, UnixWare 2 kernel plus parts of 3.2v5 (UnixWare 2 + OpenServer 5 = UnixWare 7). Referred to by SCO as SVR5

Scientific Data Systems (SDS)

Sciopta Systems GmbH

  • SCIOPTA Pre-emptive, priority-based direct message passing real-time kernel (IEC61508, ISO 26262 and EN 50128 certified)

SYSGO

  • PikeOS is a certified real time operating system for safety and security critical embedded systems

Tandy Corporation

  • TRSDOS; A floppy-disk-oriented OS supplied by Tandy/Radio Shack for their TRS-80 Z80-based line of personal computers. Eventually renamed as LS-DOS or LDOS.
  • Color BASIC; A ROM-based OS created by Microsoft for the TRS-80 Color Computer.
  • NewDos/80; A third-party OS for Tandy's TRS-80 personal computers.
  • DeskMate; Operating system created by Tandy Corporation and introduced with the Tandy 1000 computer.

TCSC (later NCSC)

Texas Instruments

TRON Project

Unisys

UNIVAC, Unisys

Wang Laboratories

  • WPS Wang Word Processing System. Micro-code based system.
  • OIS Wang Office Information System. Successor to the WPS. Combined the WPS and VP/MVP systems.
  • Wang VS Operating System (VSOS) – used on the VS line of minicomputer systems.

WICAT

  • WICAT Multiuser Computer System (WMCS). MC-68K multiuser O/S for their proprietary microcomputers, used mainly for CBT systems

Wind River Systems

  • VxWorks Small footprint, scalable, high-performance RTOS for embedded microprocessor based systems.[5]

Other

Lisp-based

For Elektronika BK

Non-standard language-based

Other proprietary non-Unix-like

Other proprietary Unix-like and POSIX-compliant

Non-Proprietary

Unix or Unix-like

Non-Unix

Research

Unix or Unix-like

Non-Unix

Disk operating systems (DOS)

  • 86-DOS (developed at Seattle Computer Products by Tim Paterson for the new Intel 808x CPUs; licensed to Microsoft, became PC DOS/MS-DOS. Also known by its working title QDOS.)
    • PC DOS (IBM's DOS variant, developed jointly with Microsoft, versions 1.0–7.0, 2000, 7.10)
    • MS-DOS (Microsoft's DOS variant for OEM, developed jointly with IBM, versions 1.x–6.22 Microsoft's now abandoned DOS variant)
  • Concurrent CP/M-86 3.1 (BDOS 3.1) with PC-MODE (Digital Research's successor of CP/M-86 and MP/M-86)
    • Concurrent DOS 3.1-4.1 (BDOS 3.1-4.1)
      • Concurrent PC DOS 3.2 (BDOS 3.2) (Concurrent DOS variant for IBM compatible PCs)
        • DOS Plus 1.1, 1.2 (BDOS 4.1), 2.1 (BDOS 5.0) (single-user, multi-tasking system derived from Concurrent DOS 4.1-5.0)
      • Concurrent DOS 8-16 (dual-processor variant of Concurrent DOS for 8086 and 8080 CPUs)
      • Concurrent DOS 286 1.x
      • Concurrent DOS 386 1.0, 1.1, 2.0, 3.0 (BDOS 5.0-6.2)
      • Concurrent DOS XM 5.0, 5.2, 6.0, 6.2 (BDOS 5.0-6.2) (real-mode variant of Concurrent DOS with EEMS support)
        • DR DOS 3.31, 3.32, 3.33, 3.34, 3.35, 5.0, 6.0 (BDOS 6.0-7.1) single-user, single-tasking native DOS derived from Concurrent DOS 6.0)
          • Novell PalmDOS 1 (BDOS 7.0)
          • Novell DR DOS "StarTrek"
          • Novell DOS 7 (single-user, multi-tasking system derived from DR DOS, BDOS 7.2)
            • Novell DOS 7 updates 1-10 (BDOS 7.2)
              • Caldera OpenDOS 7.01 (BDOS 7.2)
                • Enhanced DR-DOS 7.01.0x (BDOS 7.2)
                  • Dell Real Mode Kernel (DRMK)
            • Novell DOS 7 updates 11-15.2 (BDOS 7.2)
              • Caldera DR-DOS 7.02-7.03 (BDOS 7.3)
                • DR-DOS "WinBolt"
                • OEM DR-DOS 7.04-7.05 (BDOS 7.3)
                • OEM DR-DOS 7.06 (PQDOS)
                • OEM DR-DOS 7.07 (BDOS 7.4/7.7)
  • FreeDOS (open source DOS variant)
  • ProDOS (operating system for the Apple II series computers)
  • PTS-DOS (DOS variant by Russian company Phystechsoft)
  • TurboDOS (Software 2000, Inc.) for Z80 and Intel 8086 processor-based systems
  • Multi-tasking user interfaces and environments for DOS

Network operating systems

Generic, commodity, and other

Hobby

Embedded

Mobile operating sytems

See also Mobile Operating systems

Routers

Other embedded

LEGO Mindstorms

Capability-based

See also

  • Operating systems
    • Embedded operating systems
    • Real-time operating systems

References

  1. ↑ "4.5.1. What are the characteristics of the Lisa Workshop?". Lisafaq.sunder.net. 2006-11-12. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
  2. ↑ "Operating System Reference Manual for the Lisa" (PDF). Pagetable.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
  3. ↑ "RTOS: extending OS/360 for real time spaceflight control", J. L. Johnstone, in AFIPS '69 (Spring) Proceedings of the May 14–16, 1969, spring joint computer conference, pages 15-27.
  4. ↑ "SCO History by William Bader". Retrieved 2010-03-12.
  5. 1 2 "VxWorks". www.windriver.com.
  6. ↑ "Эльбрус Бабаяна и Pentium Пентковского". Ixbt.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
  7. ↑ "gnu.org". www.gnu.org. Retrieved 2018-08-24.
  8. ↑ "Redox - Your Next(Gen) OS - Redox - Your Next(Gen) OS". www.redox-os.org.
  9. ↑ "What a Year for Linux: Please Join us in Celebration | The Linux Foundation". 2014-04-17. Retrieved 2018-08-24.
  10. ↑ "TROPIX: Distribuição e Instalação". www.tropix.nce.ufrj.br. Retrieved 2018-08-24.
  11. ↑ "Wayback Machine" (PDF). 2009-02-19. Retrieved 2018-08-24.
  12. ↑ "UNIX is free!". www.lemis.com. Retrieved 2018-08-24.
  13. ↑ As Unix trademark trose days are used to Single Unix Specification compilant system, ancient Unix maybe considerate as Unix-like systems
  14. 1 2 "Capability-Based Computer Systems" (PDF). Cs.washington.edu. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
  15. ↑ "Despite its name suggesting some similarity to Unix, Xinu is a different type of operating system, written with no knowledge of the Unix source code, or compatibility goals. It uses different abstractions, and system calls, some with names matching those of Unix, but different semantics." Garfinkel, Simson; Spafford, Gene; Schwartz, Alan (2003). Practical UNIX and Internet Security. O'Reilly. p. 19.
  16. ↑ "JNode 0.2.8 Released", Thom Holwerda, OSNews, 4 February 2009.
  17. ↑ Jnode: Java New Operating System Design Effort, jnode.org. Retrieved 24 July 2014.
  18. ↑ "Fujitsu Extended System Architecture (EXA) Operating System" (PDF). Fujitsu.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
  19. ↑ "HP News - LG Electronics Acquires webOS from HP to Enhance Smart TV". .hp.com. 2013-02-25. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
  20. ↑ "QNX operating systems, development tools, and professional services for connected embedded systems". www.qnx.com.
  21. ↑ Wulf, William A.; Harbison, Samual P. "Reflections in a pool of processors - An experience report on C.mmp/Hydra" (PDF). University of Auckland. p. 945. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
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