List of equipment used by separatist forces of the war in Donbass

This is a list of equipment of the United Armed Forces of Novorossiya currently used in the War in Donbass.

Small Arms

Pistols

Name Type Cartridge Origin Photo Notes
Makarov PM[1]Semi-automatic pistol9×18mm Makarov Soviet Union8-round magazine.
Stechkin APS[1]Machine pistol9×18mm Makarov Soviet Union20-round magazine.
Tokarev TT-33Semi-auto pistol7.62×25 mm Tokarev Soviet Union 8-round magazine.

Bolt-action rifles

Name Type Cartridge Origin Photo Notes
Mosin–Nagant M1891/30[1]Bolt-action rifle7.62×54mmR Soviet Union5-round magazine, some NAF members equip it with a PU scope to become a sniper rifle.[1] Limited usage.

Carbines

Name Type Cartridge Origin Photo Notes
SKS[1]Semi-automatic carbine7.62×39mm M43 Soviet Union10-round magazine.
AKS-74U[2]Carbine5.45×39mm M74 Soviet Union30-round magazine.

Submachine guns

Name Type Cartridge Origin Photo Notes
PPSh-41[1]Submachine gun7.62×25mm Tokarev Soviet Union35-round box magazine and 71-round drum magazine. Limited usage in the beginning of the conflict.[1]
PPS-43[1]Submachine gun7.62×25mm Tokarev Soviet Union35-round box magazine. Limited usage in the beginning of the conflict.[1]

Assault rifles

Name Type Cartridge Origin Photo Notes
AKM / AKS[1]Assault rifle7.62×39mm M43 Soviet Union30-round magazine.
AKMS[1]Assault rifle7.62×39mm M43 Soviet Union30-round magazine.
AK-74[1]Assault rifle5.45×39mm M74 Soviet Union30-round magazine.
AKS-74[1]Assault rifle5.45×39mm M74 Soviet Union30-round magazine.
AK-74MAssault rifle5.45×39mm M74 Russia30-round magazine.
AS ValAssault rifle9×39mm Soviet UnionIt is produced in Russia and is not known to be in the inventory of the Ukrainian Armed Forces.
Filmed as carried by rebels in Luhansk in January 2015.[3]

Sniper rifles

Name Type Cartridge Origin Photo Notes
Dragunov SVD[1]Sniper rifle7.62×54mmR Soviet Union10-round magazine.
VSS Vintorez[1]Sniper rifle9x39mm Soviet Union10, 20 round magazine.
Orsis T-5000 Sniper rifle .338 Lapua Magnum  Russia 10-round magazine.

Anti-materiel rifles

Name Type Cartridge Origin Photo Notes
PTRD[1]Anti-tank rifle14.5×114mm Soviet UnionSingle-shot reloadable rifle.
PTRS-41[1]Anti-tank rifle14.5×114mm Soviet Union5-round magazine.
KSVK / ASVK[1]Anti-materiel rifle12.7×108mm RussiaIntroduced for service with Russian forces in 2013. Any exports on this rifle is unknown. The weapon is not in the inventories of Ukrainian government forces, and has not otherwise been documented in the hands of a non-state armed group.[1]

Machine guns

Name Type Cartridge Origin Photo Notes
RPD[1]Light machine gun7.62×39mm Soviet Union100-round drum magazine.
RPK[1]Light machine gun7.62×39mm Soviet Union40-round capacity box magazine or 75-round drum magazine.
RPK-74[1] / RPK-74M[4]Light machine gun5.45×39mm M74 Soviet Union
 Russia
30 or 45-round magazine.
PK / PKM[1]General-purpose machine gun7.62×54mmR Soviet UnionBelt fed with 100, 200 or 250-round boxes. In Ukraine, the PKM is produced under the name KM-7.62.
PKP "Pecheneg"[1]General-purpose machine gun7.62×54mmR RussiaPKP is not known to be in service with Ukrainian forces, and has only been exported outside of Russia in limited quantities.[1]
DShK[1]Heavy machine gun12.7×108mm Soviet UnionBelt fed with 50-round boxes. Pushilin confirmed elimination of at least two DShK.[5]
KPV / KPVT[1]Heavy machine gun14.5×114mm Soviet UnionBelt fed with 40 or 50-round boxes.
NSV / NSVT[1]Heavy machine gun12.7×108mm Soviet UnionBelt fed with 50-round boxes. In Ukraine, the NSV is produced under the name KM-12.7 or KT-12.7.

Explosives/armor-piercing weapons

Grenades and grenade launchers

Name Type Diameter Origin Photo Notes
RG-41[1]Fragmentation grenade55mm Soviet Union
5 meter kill radius. Limited usage.
F-1Fragmentation grenade55mm Soviet UnionReported to be bombarded on government forces using multirotor UAVs by pro-Russian separatists.[6]
RGD-5[1]Fragmentation grenade58mm Soviet UnionPropels ~350 fragments, 5 meter kill radius, 3.2-4 second fuse.
RGN[1]Fragmentation grenade60mm Soviet Union4-10 meter kill radius, 3.2-4.2 second fuse.
GP-25[1]Under-barrel grenade launcher40mm Soviet UnionCan be fitted to AK type rifles.
AGS-17[1][7]Automatic grenade launcher30mm Soviet UnionBelt fed with 29-round drums, high rate of fire.

Mines

Name Type Detonation Origin Photo Notes
MON-50[8]Anti-personnel mineTripwire/Command Soviet UnionPropels ~485/540 steel projectiles to a kill radius of 50 meters.
MON-90[8]Anti-personnel mineTripwire/Command Soviet UnionPropels ~2000 steel projectiles to a kill radius of 90 meters.
OZM-72[8]Anti-personnel bounding mineTripwire/Command Soviet Union~500g TNT, propels ~2400 steel projectiles.
MON-100[8]Anti-personnel minePressure Soviet UnionPropels ~400 steel projectiles to a kill radius of 100 meters.
TM-62M[1]Anti-tank minePressure Soviet Union7.5 kg TNT.

Anti-tank

Name Type Diameter Origin Photo Notes
RPG-7[1]Rocket-propelled grenadeWarhead diameter varies Soviet UnionReloadable launcher.
RPG-18[1]Rocket-propelled grenade64mm Soviet UnionSome of these launchers captured from the separatists were evidently brought from Russia.[1]
RPG-22[1]Rocket-propelled grenade72.5mm Soviet UnionSingle-shot disposable launcher.
RPG-26[1]Rocket-propelled grenade72.5mm Soviet UnionSingle-shot disposable launcher.
SPG-9[1]Recoilless rifle73mm Soviet UnionSingle-shot reloadable launcher.
9K111 Fagot[1]Anti-tank missile120mm Soviet UnionWire-guided anti-tank missile system.
9K115 Metis[1]Anti-tank missile94mm Soviet UnionWire-guided anti-tank missile system.
9K114 Shturm[1]Anti-tank missile130mm Soviet UnionWire-guided anti-tank missile system.
9M133 Kornet[1]Anti-tank missile152mm RussiaThe system components were found discarded on a battlefield near Starobesheve.
It has not been exported to Ukraine.[1][9]

Flamethrowers

Name Type Diameter Origin Photo Notes
RPO-A Shmel[1]Rocket-propelled flamethrower93mm Soviet UnionSome of the launchers captured from the separatists were evidently produced in Russia in 2000s.[1]
MRO-A[10]Rocket-propelled flamethrower72.5mm RussiaIt is not known to have been exported outside of Russia.[1]

Vehicles

The ongoing war makes the list below include tentative estimates.

Tanks

Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
T-64/A/B/BV/BMMain battle tank64+[11] Soviet UnionMany were reportedly supplied from Russia.[12][13] Some captured from Ukrainian forces according to the DPR and Russia.[11][14]
T-72 variants
T-72B[1] / T-72B1Main battle tank43+ Soviet UnionThree T-72B1 were seen in a rebel convoy in Sverdlovsk, claimed to be supplied by Russia.[15]
It is not believed to be in active service in Ukraine, making it almost impossible that the separatists captured these in battle.[16] Six seen in the 2015 Donetsk Victory Day Parade.[17] More than 34 were reportedly supplied from Russia [18]
T-72BM (or T-72B Model 1989[1]) / T-72BAMain battle tank2+ RussiaBoth have Kontakt-5 armour. T-72BA is a Russian variant with a wind detector on its turret.[19] T-72BM is not known to have been exported from Russia to any other country.[12][15]
One seen in a rebel convoy in Sverdlovsk.[15] Two were destroyed in Starobesheve (one T-72BA[20] and one either T-72BM or another T-72BA[4][9][20][21]).
T-72B3[1][22]Main battle tank3+[20] RussiaThe latest T-72 model in Russian service. It was introduced in 2013, and is not known to have been exported. One destroyed near Ilovaisk.[1] At least three were destroyed in Ukraine.[20]

Infantry Fighting Vehicles

Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
BMP-1 / BMP-1KSh[1] / BMP-1PInfantry fighting vehicle31+ Soviet UnionSmall number captured from Ukrainian forces during the Battle of Debaltseve.[23] Many were reportedly supplied from Russia [24]
BMP-2 / BMP-2K[1]Infantry fighting vehicle126+ Soviet UnionSmall number captured from Ukrainian forces.[11] Many were reportedly supplied from Russia [24]
BMD-1[1]Airborne infantry fighting vehicle1 Soviet UnionOne captured from the 25th Airborne Brigade.
BMD-2[1]Airborne infantry fighting vehicle5 Soviet UnionOne captured from the 25th Airborne Brigade in April 2014 in Sloviansk. Three captured from Ukrainian forces and two lost to them in July–September 2014.[11] Many were reportedly supplied from Russia [25]

Armored Personnel Carriers

Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
BTR-60PB[1] / BTR-60R-145BM[23]Armored personnel carrier4 Soviet UnionFour captured from Ukrainian forces.[11]
BTR-70[1]Armored personnel carrier16 Soviet UnionSixteen captured from Ukrainian forces.[11]
BTR-80[1]Armored personnel carrier31 Soviet Union31 captured from Ukrainian forces.[11]
MT-LB[1]Armored personnel carrier32 Soviet UnionSmall numbers captured from Ukrainian forces.[11] Many were reportedly supplied from Russia [25]
MT-LBuArmored personnel carrier3 Soviet Union3 captured from Ukrainian forces.[11] Many were reportedly supplied from Russia [25]
MT-LBVM[1]Armored personnel carrier1+ Russia[1]At least one destroyed near Ilovaisk.[4]
MT-LBVMK[1]Armored personnel carrier1+ Russia[1]At least one destroyed in Ukraine in September 2014.[4]
MT-LB 6MA[1]Armored personnel carrier1+ Russia[1]At least one destroyed near Ilovaisk.[4]
BTR-7 (BTR-70DI)Armored personnel carrier1 UkraineOne captured from Ukrainian forces near Ridkodub, Shakhtarsk Raion.[26]
BTR-4K/E[1]Armored personnel carrier3 UkraineThree captured from Ukrainian forces.[11] One BTR-4K captured by the Vostok Battalion from the National Guard of Ukraine[27]
BTR-82AM[1]Armored personnel carrier[1]1+ RussiaBTR-82AIt was only adopted in Russia in early 2013. It is not known to have been exported to any other country.[1][4]

Seen on videos filmed by the separatists.[4][28] Also seen destroyed in Novosvitlivka.[29]

Armored scout vehicles

Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
BRDM-2 / BRDM-2RKhB[1]Amphibious armored scout car14 Soviet Union14 captured from Ukrainian forces.[11]
9P148ATGM launcher vehicle4 Soviet Union4 captured from Ukrainian forces near Debaltseve.[11]
BRM-1K[1]Combat reconnaissance vehicle16 Soviet Union16 captured from Ukrainian forces.[11]
PRP-3Artillery reconnaissance vehicle1 Soviet UnionOne captured from Ukrainian forces.[11]

Armored recovery vehicles

Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
BREM-1[1]Armored recovery vehicle2 Soviet UnionTwo captured from Ukrainian forces.[23]
IMR-2[1]Armored recovery vehicle1 Soviet UnionOne captured from Ukrainian forces.[11]
VT-72BArmored recovery vehicle1 CzechoslovakiaOne captured from Ukrainian forces.[11]
BTS-4[1]Armored recovery vehicle2 UkraineOne captured from Ukrainian forces.[11]

Military Engineering Vehicles

Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
BAT-M[11]Military Engineering Vehicle1 Soviet UnionCaptured near Debaltseve.
BAT-2[11]Combat Engineering Vehicle3 Soviet Union

Minelayers

Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
GMZ-3[4]Minelayer1 Soviet UnionOne captured from Ukrainian forces.[11]

Trenchers

Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
MDK-3[4]Trencher1 Soviet UnionOne captured from Ukrainian forces.[4]

Logistics and utility vehicles

Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
UAZ-469Light Utility Vehicle2+ Soviet UnionTwo seen north of Sloviansk.[30]
HumveeHigh-mobility multipurpose vehicle1+ United StatesCaptured in Debaltsevo after being abandoned by Ukrainian forces[31]
GAZ VodnikInfantry Mobility Vehicle10+ RussiaIn service with Russian forces since 2005.[32]
Seen in Krasnodon.[33][34]
SpartanLight Armored Vehicle1 UkraineOne captured from the Azov Battalion.[23]
BPM-97[22] / Dozor / Dozor-N / VystrelLight Armored Vehicle10+ RussiaFour seen in the late December LPR military exercises.[35][36]
10 vehicles seen in Krasnodon,[33] several seen in Luhansk.[37][38]
Ural-4320Medium cargo truckN/A Soviet Union
KamAZ-4310Medium cargo truck80+[39] Soviet Union
KamAZ-65117Medium cargo truckN/A Russia
PTS-2[1]Amphibious transporter21 Soviet UnionAbout 25 were restored from a Lugansk military warehouse.[40] Four captured by Ukrainian forces.[11]

Artillery

Mortars

Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
82-BM-37[1]82mm Infantry mortarN/A Soviet UnionAt least two were captured from pro-Russian rebels.[41]
120-PM-43 mortar[1]120-mm infantry mortarN/A Soviet Union
2S12 Sani[41]120mm heavy mortarN/A Soviet UnionAt least two were captured from pro-Russian rebels.[41]
2B14 Podnos[7]82mm Infantry mortarN/A Soviet UnionCaptured from Ukrainian forces.
2B9 Vasilek[42]82mm automatic mortarN/A Soviet Union4-mortar shell cassette.
RM-3850mm Infantry mortar1 Soviet UnionUsed by the LPR militia, one taken from a warehouse with World War 2 weaponry.[43]

Field artillery

Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
D-20152mm Howitzer2 Soviet UnionTwo captured from Ukrainian forces.[44]
D-30[1]122mm Howitzer35+[45][46] Soviet UnionAlleged to have crossed from Russia to Ukraine.
MT-12 "Rapira"[1]100mm Anti-tank gun19+ Soviet Union18 captured from Ukrainian forces.[44]
2B16 Nona-K[1]120mm Anti-tank gun3+[47] Soviet UnionAt least three documented in use by the separatists.[47] Ukraine reportedly had only two of these before the war.[48]
2A65 "Msta-B"[1]152mm Howitzer9+ Soviet UnionNine captured from Ukrainian forces.[44]
BS-3[1]100mm Anti-tank gun1 Soviet UnionUsed by the LPR militia, one taken from a warehouse with World War 2 weaponry.[43][44]

Self-propelled field artillery

Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
2S1 Gvozdika[1]122mm Self-propelled howitzer15 Soviet Union15 captured from Ukrainian forces.[11]
2S3 Akatsiya[1]152.4mm Self-propelled artillery15 Soviet Union15 captured from Ukrainian forces.[11][49]
2S5 Giatsint-S[1]152mm Self-propelled field gun1 Soviet UnionOne captured from Ukrainian forces.[11]
2S7 Pion203 mm Self-propelled artillery2+ Soviet UnionTwo seen in Makeevka.[50]
2S9 Nona-S[1]120mm Self-propelled mortar2 Soviet UnionOne captured from the 25th Airborne Brigade. One captured by Ukrainian forces on 5 July 2014.[11]
2S19 Msta-S[1]152mm Self-propelled howitzer3+ Soviet UnionTwo reportedly captured from Ukrainian forces.[11]
One more is suspected to come from Russia.[38]
2S4 Tyulpan 240mm Self-propelled mortar 1+  Russia One mortar was observed by OSCE in 2015.[51]

Chief of Ukrainian State Security Administration Valeriy Heletey also told: "So Russia did use tactical nuclear weapons against Ukrainian troops" with 2S4 [during the siege of Luhansk airport] [52]

Rocket artillery

Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
BM-21 "Grad" (9K51)[1][53]122mm Multiple rocket launcher18+ Soviet Union18 claimed to be captured from Ukrainian forces after battles near the border with Russia.[54]
Grad-K[22] ("Grad" on KamAZ-5350 chassis)122mm Multiple rocket launcherN/A RussiaThe 2B26 machine is a Russian modification of the original BM-21 launcher. It was first produced in 2011.[55] It is seen on a video with separatists firing Grads in January 2015.[22][56]
Grad-P122mm Light portable rocket systemN/A Soviet UnionSeveral seen in Luhansk region areas.[57]
TOS-1 Buratino220mm Multiple rocket launcher1+ Soviet UnionSpotted by the OSCE south-west of Luhansk in September 2015. The equipment is produced in Russia and was not exported to Ukraine before the conflict.
Previously Ukraine's military claimed the Buratino had been used against government troops from the rebel-held territories.[58]
BM-27 Uragan220mm Multiple rocket launcher2+ Soviet UnionTwo seen in Khartsyzk in February 2015.[59]
BM-30 Smerch300mm Multiple rocket launcher2+ Soviet UnionAt least two seen in Makiivka in February 2015.[60][61]

Air Defences

Towed anti-aircraft gun

Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
ZPU[1]14.5mm Anti-aircraft gunN/A Soviet Union
ZU-23-2[1]23mm Anti-aircraft gunN/A Soviet UnionSome are mounted on trucks. Two seen in a Sverdlovsk convoy attached to MT-LBs.[15]

Air Defence Vehicles

Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
9K33 Osa[1]6x6 amphibious SAM system1 Soviet UnionOne claimed to be captured from Ukrainian forces in the "southern kettle".[1][54]
9K35 Strela-10[1][53]Short range SAM2+ Soviet UnionOne from the Vostok Battalion was seen near the Donetsk Airport in July 2014 nicknamed "Лягушонок" (frogling).[1][62] One seen in a Sverdlovsk convoy.[15]
9K37 Buk[53]Medium range SAM1 Soviet UnionOne seen in Snizhne.[63][64]
Claimed to be associated with the downing of flight MH17.[1][63][65]
Pantsir-S1Medium range SAM1+ RussiaIt is not known to have been exported to Ukraine.

Seen in Luhansk and Makiivka in early 2015.[22][66][67][68] Its used rocket components were also reported to be observed in Ukraine in November 2014.[1]

MANPADS

Name Type Max. altitude Origin Photo Notes
9K32 Strela-2[1]Man portable air defence system1500m Soviet UnionSome Ukrainian stocks of Strela-2s went missing early in the conflict, and are presumably under NAF control.[1]
PPZR Grom[1]Man portable air defence system3500m PolandThis Polish weapon was reportedly captured from pro-Russian separatists. It was fitted with a Russian-made 9P516 gripstock, designed for the 9K38 Igla. Russian forces are known to have captured some of these from Georgia.[1]
9K38 Igla[1]Man portable air defence system3500m Soviet UnionSupplied by Russia (Ukrainian claim).[1][69][70] Captured from Ukrainian armouries (DPR claim).[71] The system has identification friend or foe system which undermines DPR claims.[72]

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
Orlan-10[1]Unmanned aerial vehicle6+ RussiaFour shot down by Ukrainian forces in 2014[1][73][74][75] and one in 2016.[76]
Another one crashed on Ukrainian territory in 2017.[77]
ForpostUnmanned aerial vehicleN/A Israel
 Russia
One shot down by Ukrainian forces.[78][79]
Consumer-grade UAVQuadcopterN/AOne used by the rebels during the Second Battle of Donetsk Airport.[1]
Tu-143 "Reys"[1]Reconnaissance UAV1 Soviet UnionOne captured from Ukrainian forces.

Aircraft

Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
Aero L-29 DelfínMilitary trainer aircraft1+ CzechoslovakiaOne restored from Luhansk Aviation Museum[80][81]
Sukhoi Su-25 Military strike aircraft 1  Soviet Union

Electronic warfare

Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
R-330Zh ZhitelAnti-cellular and satellite communications jamming station1+ RussiaOne station spotted by a UAV of the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission near Michurine in August 2015 and 11 km south of Donetsk city in June 2016.[82][83]
RB-341V Leer-3 Anti-GSM reconnaissance and jamming station, with Orlan-10 drones 1+  Russia Spotted by the OSCE SMM near Chornukhyne, 64 km SW of Luhansk on July 28, 2018.[84]
1L269 Krasukha-2 Anti-air jamming station 1+  Russia Spotted by the OSCE SMM near Chornukhyne, 64 km SW of Luhansk on July 28, 2018.[84]
RB-109A Bylina Brigade-level electronic warfare automated control system 1+  Russia Spotted by the OSCE SMM near Chornukhyne, 64 km SW of Luhansk on July 28, 2018.[84]
Repellent-1 Anti-drone electronic warfare system 1+  Russia Spotted by the OSCE SMM near Chornukhyne, 64 km SW of Luhansk on July 28, 2018.[84]

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