Insulin lispro

Insulin lispro
Clinical data
Trade names Humalog, Admelog[1]
AHFS/Drugs.com Monograph
MedlinePlus a697021
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • US: C (Risk not ruled out)
    Routes of
    administration    		 Subcutaneous
    ATC code
    Legal status
    Legal status
    Identifiers
    CAS Number
    PubChem CID
    DrugBank
    ChemSpider
    • none
    UNII
    KEGG
    Chemical and physical data
    Formula C257H389N65O77S6
    Molar mass 5813.63 g/mol
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    Insulin lispro, sold under the brand name Humalog among others, is a fast acting insulin analog. It was first approved for use in the United States in 1996, making it the first insulin analog to enter the market.[2]

    Engineered through recombinant DNA technology, the penultimate lysine and proline residues on the C-terminal end of the B-chain are reversed. This modification does not alter receptor binding, but blocks the formation of insulin dimers and hexamers. This allows larger amounts of active monomeric insulin to be immediately available for postprandial injections.[3]

    Insulin lispro has one primary advantage over regular insulin for postprandial glucose control. It has a shortened delay of onset, allowing slightly more flexibility than regular insulin, which requires a longer waiting period before starting a meal after injection. Both preparations should be coupled with a longer acting insulin (e.g. NPH insulin) or an insulin infusion pump for good glycemic control.

    Medical uses

    Insulin lispro is an FDA approved drug used to treat people living with Type 1 diabetes or Type 2 diabetes.[4] Insulin lispro has non-FDA labeled uses for diabetic neuropathy prevention and cardiovascular disease prevention.[4]

    Side effects

    Common side effects include skin irritation at the site of injection, hypoglycemia, hypokalemia, and lipodystrophy.[4] Other serious side effects include anaphylaxis, and hypersensitivity reactions.[4]

    Contraindications

    Do not administer insulin lispro during episodes of hypoglycemia, or if the patient has a hypersensitivity to insulin lispro or any of its excipients.[4]

    Cost

    In the United States, as of 2015, the cost is between $10.06 and $29.36 per 100 units.[5]

    In Europe the price is far lower. The cost in the UK is between £1.66 (about $2.50) and £1.96 (about $3.00) per 100 units, as of 2017.[6]

    References

    1. ↑ "Press Announcements - FDA approves Admelog, the first short-acting". FDA. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
    2. ↑ "Drugs@FDA:FDA Approved Products: Humalog". U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved 16 November 2012.
    3. ↑ "Insulin Lispro: A Fast-Acting Insulin Analog". Retrieved 2007-06-08.
    4. 1 2 3 4 5 Product Information: HUMALOG(R) pen injection, insulin lispro (rDNA origin) pen injection. Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, 2007
    5. ↑ Langreth, Robert (June 29, 2016). "Decoding Big Pharma's Secret Drug Pricing Practices". Bloomberg. Retrieved 15 July 2016.
    6. ↑ "Humalog | MIMS online". www.mims.co.uk. Retrieved 2017-01-12.


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