Haïdra

Haïdra
حيدرة
Archaeology site of Haidra
Haïdra
Location in Tunisia
Coordinates: 35°34′N 8°28′E / 35.567°N 8.467°E / 35.567; 8.467Coordinates: 35°34′N 8°28′E / 35.567°N 8.467°E / 35.567; 8.467
Country  Tunisia
Governorate Kasserine Governorate
Government
 • Governor Atef Boughatas
 • Mayor Jamel Saâdi
Population (2014)
 • Total 3,451
Time zone UTC1 (CET)
Postal code 1221[1]

Haïdra (Arabic: حيدرة‎) is a municipality in western Tunisia, containing the ruins of Ammaedara, one of the oldest Roman cities in Africa. It was a diocese and is now a Roman Catholic titular see.

History

Ammaedara was on the border between the valleys and the Berber tribes and was part of the Roman province of Byzacena.

The Third Augustan Legion (Legio III Augusta) was installed in Ammaedara in 30 BC where they built their first fortress. From here the legion was partly responsible for the urbanisation of the North African provinces, building roads and other infrastructure.

Its ruins include mausoleums, Byzantine fortresses, underground baths and a church.[2]

Ecclesiastical history

Excavation of what has been called the Church of Melleus in the centre of Ammaedara has brought to light the tombs of some bishops of the see. In addition, documentary records survive of Eugenius, a bishop of Ammaedara, who participated in the Council of Carthage (255), which discussed the question of the lapsi, and of Speratus and Crescentianus, representing respectively the Catholics and the Donatists of the city, who took part in the Council of Carthage (411) of 411. Later Catholic bishops were Hyacinthus and Melleus, both of the second half of the 6th century.[3][4][5][6][7][8]

Given the Roman province, it must have been a suffragan of the Metropolitan archbishop of its capital Hadrumetum (modern Sousse, also in Tunisia).

Titular see

No longer a residential bishopric, Ammaedara is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see.[9] The diocese was nominally restored as Ammædæra of Ammædera and renamed Ammædara in 1925.

It has had the following incumbents, all of the lowest (episcopal) rank :

  • Mathieu Sislian (1909.12.03 – 1915.08.30)
  • Joseph Raphael John Crimont, Jesuits (S.J.) (1917.02.15 – 1945.05.20)
  • Joseph Gerald Holland, Society of African Missions (S.M.A.) (1946.07.11 – 1950.04.18)
  • Jacob Abraham Theophilos Kalapurakal (1950.07.25 – 1956.06.27)
  • Joseph-Rolland-Gustave Prévost-Godard (趙玉明), Société des Missions-Étrangères du Québec (Society of Foreign Missions; P.M.E.) (1956.11.11 – 2005.11.13)
  • Pierre Nguyễn Văn Đệ, Salesians (S.D.B.) (2005.11.29 – 2009.07.25)
  • Vincent Nguyen (Nguyễn Mạnh Hiếu) (2009.11.06 – ...), Auxiliary Bishop of Toronto (Canada)

Notable people

  • Pr Ahmed Jdey (10 June 1951 – 20 July 2012) was a writer, historian and professor.[10]

References

  1. ↑ Postal code of Haïdra, GeoPostcodes
  2. ↑ Richard Stillwell, ed. Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites, 1976: "Ammaedara (Haidra), Tunisia"
  3. ↑ Stefano Antonio Morcelli, Africa christiana, Volume I, Brescia 1816, pp. 74–75
  4. ↑ Baratte François, Bejaoui Fathi, Un évêque horloger dans l'Afrique byzantine : Hyacinthe d'Ammaedara, in Comptes-rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 148e année, N. 3, 2004. pp. 1121–1151
  5. ↑ Duval Noël, Les églises d'Haïdra (Églises dites de Melléus et de Candidus et "chapelle vandale"). Recherches franco-tunisiennes de 1969 (Relevés et dessins de J.-M. Gassend), in Comptes-rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 113e année, N. 3, 1969. pp. 409–436
  6. ↑ Duval Noël, L'église de l'évêque Melleus à Haïdra (Tunisie): la campagne franco-tunisienne de 1967, in Comptes-rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 112e année, N. 2, 1968. pp. 221–244
  7. ↑ J. Mesnage L'Afrique chrétienne, Paris 1912, pp. 77–79
  8. ↑ Ammaedara (website of the Associazione storico-culturale di Sant'Agostino)
  9. ↑ Annuario Pontificio 2013 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 ISBN 978-88-209-9070-1), p. 831
  10. ↑ (in Arabic) Ahmed Jdey biography, kissas.org
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