Bocas del Toro Province

Bocas del Toro Province
Provincia de Bocas del Toro
Province
Bocas_del_Toro_Archipelago_map.png

Flag

Location of Bocas del Toro in Panama
Coordinates (Seat of Government): 9°20′26″N 82°14′26″W / 9.34056°N 82.24056°W / 9.34056; -82.24056Coordinates: 9°20′26″N 82°14′26″W / 9.34056°N 82.24056°W / 9.34056; -82.24056
Country Panama
Founded 1903
Capital Bocas del Toro
Area
 • Total 4,657.2 km2 (1,798.2 sq mi)
Population (2010 census)
 • Total 125,461
 • Density 27/km2 (70/sq mi)
  Census
Time zone UTC-5 (Eastern Time)
ISO 3166 code PA-1
Website bocasdeltoro.com
Google Earth,[1] Statiods[2]

Bocas del Toro (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈbokaz ðel ˈtoɾo]; meaning "Mouths of the Bull") is a province of Panama. Its area is 4,643.9 square kilometers, comprising the mainland and nine main islands.[3] The province consists of the Bocas del Toro Archipelago, Bahía Almirante (Almirante Bay), Chiriquí Lagoon, and adjacent mainland. The capital is the city of Bocas del Toro (or Bocas Town) on Isla Colón (Colón Island). Other major cities or towns include Almirante and Changuinola. The province has a population of 125,461 as of 2010.[4]

Christopher Columbus and his crew first visited the area in 1502.[5] Bocas del Toro borders the Caribbean Sea to the north, Limón Province of Costa Rica to the west, Chiriquí Province to the south, and Ngöbe-Buglé Comarca to the east. The Río Sixaola forms part of the border with Costa Rica. An old railroad bridge spans the river between Guabito and Sixaola, Costa Rica. The bridge is a border crossing used by tourists going between destinations in Bocas del Toro and Costa Rica.

The province contains two national parks, Isla Bastimentos National Marine Park and La Amistad International Park.[6] The Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute operates a research station on Colón Island just northwest of Bocas Town.[7] There are many banana plantations in Bocas del Toro, often called the oro verde, or green gold of Central America.[8]

History

Christopher Columbus explored the area in 1502 while searching for the passage to the Pacific Ocean. Columbus's original name for the island was Isla del Drago. In colonial times, Bocas del Toro was part of Veraguas. It was originally part of Costa Rica until, in one of many territorial disputes, Colombia took control of it with armed forces. The then government made a reservation called Bocas del Toro in 1834. In 1850, Bocas del Toro became a part of Chiriqui, then was separated from it and became part of Colon. On November 16, 1903, Bocas del Toro was separated from Colon and became its own province. In 1941, Bocas del Toro was divided into two districts, Bocas del Toro and Crimamola. Four years later, it became part of the same division as before. In 1970, Bocas del Toro district became Changuinola, the district of Bastimentos was eliminated, and three new districts were added, making the province what it is today. The districts' areas changed in 1997 when the Ngöbe-Buglé Comarca was created.

The province is the home of the unique Bocas del Toro Creole of English.

Protected areas

The national parks in the province are Isla Bastimentos National Marine Park (Parque Nacional Marino Isla Bastimentos), which contains most of Isla Bastimentos and some smaller nearby islands and extends into the large nature preserve at the Red Frog Beach Island Resort,[9] and La Amistad International Park (Parque Internacional La Amistad), which spans the Costa Rica–Panama border.[6] Bocas del Toro contains most of the Panamanian section of the park, which covers 400,000 hectares (4,000 km2; 1,544 sq mi). The Costa Rican section of the park covers 584,592 hectares (5,846 km2; 2,257 sq mi).[10] La Amistad International Park is a designated UNESCO World Heritage site.[10]

Administrative divisions

Bocas del Toro Province is divided into 4 districts and 30 corregimientos.[11] On 8 June 2015 the new Almirante District was created, after splitting out from Changuinola District.[12]

District Establishment Surface area
Corregimientos (Subdivisions)
 Cabecera (Seat)
Almirante District 2015 * Puerto Almirante, Barriada Guaymí, Barrio Francés, Nance de Risco, Valle del Risco, Valle de Aguas Arriba Puerto Almirante
Bocas del Toro District 1855 430 km² Bocas del Toro, Bastimentos, Cauchero, Punta Laurel, Tierra Oscura Bocas del Toro
Changuinola District 1903 3,995 km² Changuinola, Barriada 4 de Abril, Cochigro, El Empalme, El Silencio, Finca 30, Finca 6, Finca 60, Guabito, La Gloria, Las Delicias, Las Tablas, Teribe Changuinola
Chiriquí Grande District 1970 207 km² Chiriquí Grande, Bajo Cedro, Miramar, Punte Peña, Punta Robalo, Rambala Chiriquí Grande

* The area of Almirante District is included in the figure quoted for Changuinola District, from which Almirante was divided.

Geography

Climate

Climate data for Bocas del Toro (1971-2000)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 30.8
(87.4)		 30.7
(87.3)		 31.0
(87.8)		 31.4
(88.5)		 31.9
(89.4)		 32.0
(89.6)		 31.5
(88.7)		 31.8
(89.2)		 31.9
(89.4)		 31.7
(89.1)		 31.6
(88.9)		 31.0
(87.8)		 31.4
(88.6)
Average low °C (°F) 20.4
(68.7)		 20.2
(68.4)		 20.5
(68.9)		 21.4
(70.5)		 22.2
(72)		 22.2
(72)		 21.7
(71.1)		 21.8
(71.2)		 22.0
(71.6)		 22.0
(71.6)		 21.8
(71.2)		 20.6
(69.1)		 21.4
(70.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 123.9
(4.878)		 266.1
(10.476)		 83.8
(3.299)		 369.1
(14.531)		 178.3
(7.02)		 259
(10.2)		 420.1
(16.539)		 440.7
(17.35)		 311.2
(12.252)		 150.5
(5.925)		 291.7
(11.484)		 563.6
(22.189)		 3,458
(136.143)
Average precipitation days 16.6 14.6 14.8 15.2 16.7 17.9 20.9 18.4 15.8 16.4 17 20.0 204.3
Source: World Meteorological Organization [13]
Bocas Del Toro
Bocas del Toro
Red poison dart frog
Red poison dart frog, Bastimentos
Sunset in Bocas del Toro
Sunset in Bocas del Toro

References

  1. ↑ Google Earth
  2. ↑ Provinces of Panama
  3. ↑ Somos Panama Archived March 15, 2010, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved: 15 March 2011
  4. ↑ Panama 2010 Census Retrieved: 24 May 2011
  5. ↑ "Lonely Planet". Bocas del Toro History. Retrieved: 15 March 2011
  6. 1 2 Frommer's Panama (1st ed.). 2007. ISBN 978-0-470-04890-0.
  7. ↑ Bocas del Toro Research Station Retrieved: 14 June 2009.
  8. ↑ "Changuinola". Changuinola Banana. Archived from the original on 2011-07-08. Retrieved: 15 March 2011
  9. ↑ "Red Frog Beach". Red Frog Beach.
  10. 1 2 UNESCO La Amistad International Park overview Retrieved: 14 June 2009.
  11. ↑ "Municipios (Distritos) de Bocas del Toro". Editorial OX. Retrieved 15 November 2012.
  12. ↑ "Ley 8 de junio de 2015" (PDF). Gaceta Oficial. Retrieved 22 June 2015.
  13. ↑ "World Weather Information Service - Bocas del Toro". World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved 25 July 2010.

10. ^ www.bocasdeltoro.com Official Web Site of the Island 11. ^ http://bocasdeltoro.travel/ Official Bocas del Toro Travel Website

  • Media related to Bocas del Toro at Wikimedia Commons
  • Paraiso for Sale 2011 documentary about US immigration to Bocas, and the attendant impact on locals and indigenous peoples
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