Autonomous regions of China

Autonomous region
自治区
Zìzhìqū
Category Unitary state
Location  China
Number 5
Populations 3,002,166 (Tibet) – 46,026,629 (Guangxi)
Areas 66,000 km2 (25,600 sq mi) (Ningxia) – 1,665,000 km2 (642,800 sq mi) (Xinjiang)
Government Single-party government
Subdivisions Prefecture-level city, Prefecture, League, Sub-Provincial Autonomous Prefecture, Autonomous Prefecture

An autonomous region (AR; simplified Chinese: 自治区; traditional Chinese: 自治區; pinyin: zìzhìqū) is a first-level administrative division of China. Like Chinese provinces, an autonomous region has its own local government, but an autonomous region has more legislative rights. An autonomous region is the highest level of minority autonomous entity in China, which has a comparably higher population of a particular minority ethnic group.

The Inner Mongolia autonomous region was established in 1947; Xinjiang was made autonomous in 1955; Guangxi and Ningxia in 1958, and Tibet in 1965. The designation of Guangxi and Ningxia as Zhuang and Hui autonomous areas, respectively, was bitterly protested by the local Han Chinese, who made up two-thirds of the population of each region. Although Mongols made up even less than a percentage of Inner Mongolia, the ensuing Chinese Civil War gave little opportunity for protest.[1]

List of autonomous regions

Designated
minority		 Name in English Simplified Chinese
Pinyin		 Local name
SASM/GNC romanization (Language)		 Abbreviation Capital
Zhuang Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 广西壮族自治区
Guǎngxī Zhuàngzú Zìzhìqū		 Gvangjish Bouxcuengh Swcigih (Zhuang) 桂
Guì
(GZAR)		 Nanning
(南宁; Nanzningz)
Mongol Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
(Nei Mongol Autonomous Region)		 内蒙古自治区
Nèi Měnggǔ Zìzhìqū		 ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠣ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ
Öbür mongγol-un öbertegen zasaqu orun (Mongolian)		 內蒙古
Nèi Měnggǔ
(IMAR)		 Hohhot
(呼和浩特; ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠬᠣᠲᠠ)
Tibetan Tibet Autonomous Region
(Xizang Autonomous Region)		 西藏自治区
Xīzàng Zìzhìqū		 བོད་རང་སྐྱོང་ལྗོངས།
Poi Ranggyong Jong (Tibetan)		 藏
Zàng
(TAR)		 Lhasa
(拉萨; ལྷ་ས།)
Uyghur Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 新疆维吾尔自治区
Xīnjiāng Wéiwú'ěr Zìzhìqū		 شىنجاڭ ئۇيغۇر ئاپتونوم رايونى ‬
Xinjang Uyĝur Aptonom Rayoni (Uyghur)		 新
Xīn
(XUAR)		 Ürümqi
(乌鲁木齐; ئۈرۈمچی‬)
Hui Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 宁夏回族自治区
Níngxià Huízú Zìzhìqū		 The Hui speak Chinese 宁
Níng
(NHAR)		 Yinchuan
(银川)

Statistics

Population

Administrative DivisionNational Share (%)2010 Census[2]2000 Census[3]1990 Census[4]1982 Census[5]1964 Census[6]1954 Census[7]
Guangxi3.546,026,62943,854,53842,245,76536,420,96020,845,01719,560,822
Inner Mongolia1.924,706,32123,323,34721,456,79819,274,27912,348,6386,100,104
Ningxia0.56,176,9005,486,3934,655,4513,895,578**
Tibet0.23,002,1662,616,3292,196,0101,892,3931,251,2251,273,969
Xinjiang1.621,813,33418,459,51115,155,77813,081,6817,270,0674,873,608

Ethnic composition of Autonomous Regions (%, 2000)

Administrative DivisionTitular Ethnic GroupHan ChineseThird Largest Ethnic Group
Xinjiang (Uyghur)45.21%40.58%6.74% (Kazakh)
Tibet (Tibetan)92.8%6.1%0.35% (Hui)
Inner Mongolia (Mongol)17.13%79.17%2.14% (Manchu)
Ningxia (Hui)33.9%65.5 %1.16% (Manchu)
Guangxi (Zhuang)32.0%62.0 %3.0% (Yao)

Note: In the "Third Largest Ethnic Group" column is the ethnic group given in brackets, after the names of the autonomous regions and Han people.

See also

Literature

References

  1. ↑ Dreyer, June Teufel (1997). "Assimilation and Accommodation in China". In Brown, Michael Edward; Ganguly, Šumit. Government Policies and Ethnic Relations in Asia and the Pacific. MIT Press. p. 365.
  2. ↑ "Communiqué of the National Bureau of Statistics of People's Republic of China on Major Figures of the 2010 Population Census". National Bureau of Statistics of China. Archived from the original on 2013-07-27.
  3. ↑ "现将2000年第五次全国人口普查快速汇总的人口地区分布数据公布如下". National Bureau of Statistics of China. Archived from the original on 2012-08-29.
  4. ↑ "中华人民共和国国家统计局关于一九九〇年人口普查主要数据的公报". National Bureau of Statistics of China. Archived from the original on 2012-06-19.
  5. ↑ "中华人民共和国国家统计局关于一九八二年人口普查主要数字的公报". National Bureau of Statistics of China. Archived from the original on 2012-05-10.
  6. ↑ "第二次全国人口普查结果的几项主要统计数字". National Bureau of Statistics of China. Archived from the original on 2012-09-14.
  7. ↑ "中华人民共和国国家统计局关于第一次全国人口调查登记结果的公报". National Bureau of Statistics of China. Archived from the original on 2009-08-05.
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