臆

臆	U+81C6, 臆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-81C6

← 臅
[U+81C5]

CJK Unified Ideographs

臇 →
[U+81C7]

Translingual

Han character

臆 (radical 130, 肉+13, 17 strokes, cangjie input 月卜廿心 (BYTP), four-corner 7023₆, composition ⿰月意(GJK) or ⿰⺼意(HTV))

Derived characters

𡄯

References

KangXi: page 996, character 14
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29951
Dae Jaweon: page 1447, character 16
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2118, character 3
Unihan data for U+81C6

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 臆
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (意) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
噫	qrɯːɡs, qɯ
譩	qɯ, qɯʔ, *qɯl
醷	qɯʔ, qɯɡ
意	*qɯɡs
鷾	*qɯɡs
憶	*qɯɡ
億	*qɯɡ
臆	*qɯɡ
繶	*qɯɡ
澺	*qɯɡ
薏	*qɯɡ
檍	*qɯɡ
癔	*qɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qɯɡ) : semantic 肉 (“body”) + phonetic 意 (OC *qɯɡs).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		臆
variant forms		肊 var. and 2nd‐round simp. 𩪣𩪙

Compare Proto-Tai *ʔɤkᴰ (“chest”), whence Thai อก (òk). Cognate with 意 (OC *qɯɡs, “mind”) and 憶 (OC *qɯɡ, “to remember”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yì (yi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jik¹
Min Nan (POJ): ek / iak
Wu (Wiktionary): i (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yì
  - Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
  - Wade–Giles: i⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yì
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jik¹
  - Yale: yīk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jik⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: yig¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɪk̚⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ek
  - Tâi-lô: ik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: eg
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iak
  - Tâi-lô: iak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iak̚⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: i (T2)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i³⁴/

Middle Chinese: /ʔɨk̚/▼

Rime
Character	臆
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	職 (134)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	於力切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɨk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔɨk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiek̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔik̚/
Li Rong	/ʔiək̚/
Wang Li	/ĭək̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯ək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yi

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔ(r)ək/

(Zhengzhang): /*qɯɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	臆
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yì
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔik ›
Old Chinese	/*ʔ(r)ək/
English	bosom
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	臆
Reading #	1/1
No.	15158
Phonetic component	意
Rime group	職
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	憶
Old Chinese	/*qɯɡ/

Definitions

臆

chest; breast; bosom
thought

Compounds

傾吐胸臆／倾吐胸臆
直抒胸臆
胸臆 (xiōngyì)
臆度

臆想 (yìxiǎng)
臆想狂
臆想症
臆斷／臆断

臆測／臆测 (yìcè)
臆見／臆见
臆造 (yìzào)

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		臆
variant forms		約／约億／亿憶／忆

Pronunciation

Min Nan (POJ): ioh / ip

Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Hsinchu, Lukang, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ioh
  - Tâi-lô: ioh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ioiq
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kinmen): /ioʔ³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ioʔ⁵/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɤʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Sanxia)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ip
  - Tâi-lô: ip
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ib

Definitions

臆

(Min Nan) to guess

Synonyms

猜 (cāi)

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03368
“臆”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

臆

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

chest; breast; heart
to repress one's mind; to be hesitant in one's thoughts
timid; nervous; afraid

Readings

Go-on: おく (oku, Jōyō)
Kan-on: よく (yoku)
Kun: おくする (okusuru, 臆する); むね (mune); おもう (omō); おぼえる (oboeru)
Nanori: ぞう (zō)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
臆
おく Grade: S
goon

From Middle Chinese 臆 (MC ʔɨk̚).

Pronunciation

On’yomi: Goon
- IPA^(key): [o̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Affix

臆 (hiragana おく, rōmaji oku)

Derived terms

臆出
臆度 (おくたく) (okutaku): guessing; speculation
臆断 (おくだん) (okudan): Alternative form of 憶断 (おくだん) (“hasty conclusion; conjecture”)
臆病 (おくびょう) (okubyō): timidity; cowardice
臆面 (おくめん) (okumen): shy face
臆見 (おっけん) (okken): conjecture
臆説 (おくせつ) (okusetsu): hypothesis; speculation
臆測 (おくそく) (okusoku): guessing; supposition

Korean

Hanja

臆 • (eok) (hangeul 억, revised eok, McCune–Reischauer ŏk, Yale ek)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

臆 (ức)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

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