穢

See also: 秽

穢	U+7A62, 穢 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A62

← 穡
[U+7A61]

CJK Unified Ideographs

穣 →
[U+7A63]

Translingual

Han character

穢 (radical 115, 禾+13, 18 strokes, cangjie input 竹木卜一竹 (HDYMH), four-corner 2195₃, composition ⿰禾歲)

References

KangXi: page 861, character 2
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25331
Dae Jaweon: page 1287, character 10
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2634, character 9
Unihan data for U+7A62

Chinese

trad.		穢
simp.		秽

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (歲) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
噦	qʰʷaːds, qʷrad, *qʷad
翽	*qʰʷaːds
鐬	*qʰʷaːds
濊	qʰʷaːds, qʷaːds, qʷads, qʰʷaːd
歲	sqʰʷads, sqʰʷad
劌	*kʷrads
顪	*qʰʷads
穢	*qʷads
薉	*qʷads
獩	*qʷads
饖	*qʷads
奯	*qʰʷaːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qʷads) : semantic 禾 (“grain”) + phonetic 歲 (OC *sqʰʷads, *sqʰʷad).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): huì, wèi (hui⁴, wei⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄟˋ, ㄨㄟˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wai³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ve

(Meixian, Guangdong): vê⁴ / mê⁴
Min Bei (KCR): sṳ̿
Min Dong (BUC): uói
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): è / èr / òe

(Teochew, Peng'im): uê³
Wu (Wiktionary): hue (T2)
Xiang (Wiktionary): fei⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Pinyin: huì
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄟˋ
  - Wade–Giles: hui⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huey
  - IPA ^(key): /xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
  - Pinyin: wèi
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˋ
  - Wade–Giles: wei⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wey
  - IPA ^(key): /u̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: wai³
  - Yale: wai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wai³
  - Guangdong Romanization: wei³
  - IPA ^(key): /wɐi̯³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ve
  - Hakka Romanization System: ve
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ve⁴
  - IPA: /ve⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: vê⁴ / mê⁴
  - IPA: /ʋe⁵³/, /me⁵³/

Note: mê4 - colloquial (“dirty”).

Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sṳ̿
  - IPA ^(key): /sy³³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: uói
  - IPA ^(key): /uɔi²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Magong, Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: è
  - Tâi-lô: è
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ex
  - IPA (Taipei): /e¹¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /e²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: èr
  - Tâi-lô: èr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ə⁴¹/
  - IPA (Kinmen): /ə¹²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: òe
  - Tâi-lô: uè
  - Phofsit Daibuun: oex
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ue⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /ue²¹/

Note:

Xiamen, Quanzhou:
- è/èr - vernacular;
- òe - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: uê³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: uè
  - IPA ^(key): /ue²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: hue (T2)
  - IPA ^(key): /hɯe̞³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: fei⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /ɸe̞i⁴⁵/

Middle Chinese: /ʔʉɐi^H/▼

Rime
Character	穢
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	廢 (28)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	於廢切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔʉɐi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔʷiɐi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiuɐi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔuaj^H/
Li Rong	/ʔiuɐi^H/
Wang Li	/ĭwɐi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯wɐi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wèi

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qʷat-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*qʷads/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	穢
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	huì
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjwoj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*qʷat-s/
English	bad weeds; filth
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	穢
Reading #	1/1
No.	12168
Phonetic component	歲
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	穢
Old Chinese	/*qʷads/

Definitions

穢

dirty; filthy; unclean
immoral; obscene
(dialectal Hakka, Malaysian Mandarin) disgusting; revolting

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 髒 (“dirty”) [map]
Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		污, 穢, 污穢
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		骯髒, 污穢
Mandarin	Beijing	髒, 腌臢, 骯髒
	Taiwan	髒, 骯髒
	Jinan	髒, 窩囊, 腌臢
	Xi'an	髒
	Wuhan	拉瓜, 賴
	Chengdu	髒, 齷齪
	Yangzhou	髒, 邋遢
	Hefei	髒, 膿糟, 拾弄
Cantonese	Guangzhou	污糟, 邋遢, 揦鮓
	Hong Kong	污糟, 邋遢, 揦鮓
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	邋遢, 骯屎
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	骯屎
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	揦鮓
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	垠
	Macau	污糟
	Panyu	污糟, 邋遢
	Conghua	邋遢, 揦鮓
	Zengcheng	污糟, 邋遢
	Foshan	污糟, 邋遢
	Nanhai (Shatou)	污糟
	Shunde	污糟
	Sanshui	污糟
	Gaoming (Mingcheng)	污糟
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	邋遢
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	邋遢
	Doumen (Shangheng Tanka)	揦鮓
	Doumen	揦鮓
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	揦鮓, 邋遢
	Xinhui	揦鮓
	Taishan	邋遢, 揦鮓
	Kaiping (Chikan)	邋遢, 揦鮓
	Enping (Niujiang)	邋遢
	Heshan (Yayao)	邋遢
	Dongguan	賴濕, 鹹濕
	Dapeng	垠
	Yangjiang	失引, 污糟, 揦鮓
Gan	Nanchang	腌臢
Hakka	Meixian	漚紐, 穢
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	屙糟, 垃圾
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	屙糟, 垃圾
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	屙糟, 垃圾
	Dongshi (Dabu)	屙糟, 垃圾
	Hsinchu (Raoping)	屙糟, 垃圾
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	屙糟, 垃圾
	Hong Kong	漚紐, 累贅, 囉嗦
Jin	Taiyuan	日髒, 腌臢
Min Dong	Fuzhou	懶露, 濫𡞟, 五鹵, 垃渣, 齷齪
Min Nan	Xiamen	流瘍, 流死瘍, 垃圾, 驚人, 垃儳
	Quanzhou	腌臢, 兇, 驚人
	Zhangzhou	腌臢, 垃圾, 淤漬, 驚人, 垃圾鬼
	Taipei	垃圾, 垃儳, 癩哥爛癆, 驚人
	Kaohsiung	垃圾, 垃儳, 腌臢, 癩哥, 驚人
	Tainan	垃圾, 垃儳, 腌臢, 癩哥, 癩哥爛癆, 驚人
	Taichung	垃圾
	Hsinchu	垃圾, 腌臢, 癩哥
	Lukang	垃圾, 癩哥爛癆, 驚人
	Sanxia	垃圾, 腌臢, 癩哥, 驚人
	Yilan	垃圾, 垃儳, 腌臢, 癩哥爛癆, 驚人
	Kinmen	垃圾, 腌臢, 驚人, 垃儳, 癩哥
	Magong	垃圾, 腌臢, 驚人, 垃儳, 癩哥
	Penang	垃儳
	Philippines (Manila)	腌臢
	Chaozhou	垃圾, 垃圾相, 腌臢
Wu	Suzhou	齷齪, 邋遢
Wu	Wenzhou	鏖糟, 髒
Xiang	Changsha	邋遢, 邋糊

Compounds

口出穢言／口出秽言
大穢／大秽
形穢／形秽
污穢／污秽 (wūhuì)
污言穢語／污言秽语
淫污穢臭／淫污秽臭
淫穢／淫秽 (yínhuì)
溷穢／溷秽
滌瑕蕩穢／涤瑕荡秽
滌穢蕩瑕／涤秽荡瑕
滓穢／滓秽

穢亂／秽乱 (huìluàn)
穢史／秽史
穢囊／秽囊
穢土／秽土 (huìtǔ)
穢德／秽德
穢惡／秽恶
穢氣／秽气
穢物／秽物 (huìwù)
穢罵／秽骂
穢草／秽草
穢行／秽行

穢言／秽言
穢語／秽语 (huìyǔ)
穢語污言／秽语污言
穢跡／秽迹
自慚形穢／自惭形秽
自覺形穢／自觉形秽
芟穢／芟秽
蕩瑕滌穢／荡瑕涤秽
蕪穢／芜秽
附膻逐穢／附膻逐秽
除殘去穢／除残去秽

Japanese

Kanji

穢

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: え (e)
Kan-on: わい (wai)
Kan’yō-on: あい (ai)
Kun: けがれる (kegareru, 穢れる)

Korean

Hanja

穢 • (ye) (hangeul 예, revised ye, McCune–Reischauer ye, Yale yey)

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Vietnamese

Han character

穢 (uế)

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