瓦

瓦 (radical 98, 瓦+0, 5 strokes in Chinese in traditional Chinese, 4 strokes in mainland China, 5 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 一女弓戈 (MVNI), four-corner 1071₇, composition ⿵⿸⿱一𠄌㇈丶(G) or ⿵⿸⿱丅㇀㇈丶(HTJKV))

1. Kangxi radical #98, ⽡.

• Index:Chinese radical/瓦

• KangXi: page 747, character 36
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21438
• Dae Jaweon: page 1156, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1421, character 3
• Unihan data for U+74E6

Historical forms of the character 瓦
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu Slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) – fired earthenware pottery, or a tile.

瓦

1. earthenware; earthenware pottery
2. tile (roof covering)
3. (historical) back of shield (arching, as if it is covered by tile)
4. (historical) amusement park; market
5. (historical, dialectal) protecting plate of wheel
6. (music) Alternative name for 土 (tǔ, “earth”).
7. Ancient placename in modern Hua County, Henan.
8. Short for 瓦特 (wǎtè, “watt”).
9. A surname​.

瓦

1. ^† to tile; to cover with tiles

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. tile
2. gram, gramme

• Go-on: げ (ge)^{←げ (ge, historical)←ぐゑ (gwe, ancient)}
• Kan-on: が (ga, Jōyō)^{←ぐわ (gwa, historical)}
• Kun: かわら (kawara, 瓦, Jōyō)^{←かはら (kafara, historical)}; グラム (guramu, 瓦)

/kapara/ → /kaɸara/ → /kawara/

Probably from Sanskrit कपाल (kapāla, “cup, bowl, skull”),[1][2] possibly via 迦波羅 (MC kˠa puɑ lɑ). Along with Buddhism, roof tiles came to Japan in the Asuka period.

Cognate with 骨, 䯊 (kawara, “a bone, particularly a covering bone such as a skull or kneecap”).

Folk etymologies include:

• from 変わら (kawara), the 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of verb 変わる (kawaru, “to change”), from the idea that tiles were produced by changing the clay into pottery through firing

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) かわら [kàwárá] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA^(key): [ka̠ɰᵝa̠ɾa̠]

瓦 (hiragana かわら, rōmaji kawara, historical hiragana かはら)

1. roof tile

Abbreviation of transliterated ateji (当て字) spelling 瓦 (グ)蘭 (ラ)姆 (ム) (guramu), attested in the Meiji period. The term グラム (guramu) itself was borrowed from either English gram or French gramme.[1][2]

Once considered a 国字 (kokuji, “national character”, a kanji coined in Japan), another example being 瓲 (トン) (ton, “ton, tonne”).

• (Irregular reading)
  • (Tokyo) グ​ラム [gúꜜràmù] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
  • IPA^(key): [ɡɯ̟ᵝɾa̠mɯ̟ᵝ]

瓦 (katakana グラム, rōmaji guramu)

1. (dated) symbol for gram, gramme

瓦 (eumhun 기와 와 (giwa wa))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

瓦 (ngõa)

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