潮

潮 U+6F6E, 潮
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6F6E
← 潭
[U+6F6D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 潯 →
[U+6F6F]
潮 U+2F90F, 潮
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F90F
← 淹
[U+2F90E] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 𣽞 →
[U+2F910]

Translingual

Han character

潮 (radical 85, 水+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 水十十月 (EJJB), four-corner 37120, composition ⿰氵朝)

References
  • KangXi: page 650, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18277
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1060, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1737, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+6F6E

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 潮

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (朝) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
嘲 *ʔr'eːw
廟 *mrews
朝 *ʔr'ew, *r'ew
潮 *r'ew

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *r'ew) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 朝 (OC *ʔr'ew, *r'ew).

Etymology

"Rising tide in the daytime" > "tide" (in general).

Derived from 朝 (OC *ʔr'ew, *r'ew, “morning”). Compare 汐 (OC *ljaːɡ, “evening tide; ebb”) < 夕 (OC *ljaːɡ, “evening”).

Pronunciation
Note:
  • tiô - vernacular;
  • tiâu - literary.
Note:
  • dio5 - Shantou;
  • diê5 - Chaozhou.
Rime
Character 潮
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 澄 (11)
Final (韻) 宵 (92)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) Chongniu III
Fanqie 直遙切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɖˠiᴇu/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɖᵚiɛu/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȡiæu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɖiaw/
Li
Rong		 /ȡjɛu/
Wang
Li		 /ȡĭɛu/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȡʱi̯ɛu/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 cháo
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 潮
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 cháo
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ drjew ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[N]-t<r>aw/
English morning tide

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 潮
Reading # 1/1
No. 1308
Phonetic
component		 朝
Rime
group		 宵
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 𪓙
Old
Chinese		 /*r'ew/

Definitions

潮

  1. † rising tide
  2. tide
    Synonyms: 潮汐 (cháoxī)
    潮起潮落  ―  cháoqǐcháoluò  ―  ebb and flow
  3. (figuratively) wave
    思潮  ―  sīcháo  ―  zeitgeist
    移民潮  ―  yímín cháo  ―  wave of mass migration
  4. damp; moist
  5. Short for 潮州 (Cháozhōu, “Chaozhou”).
    潮音  ―  cháoyīn  ―  Teochew pronunciation
  6. trendy; popular
    ⇒ 潮流
    潮語 / 潮语 [Cantonese]  ―  ciu4 jyu5 [Jyutping]  ―  trendy words; new slang

Compounds
Derived terms from 潮

Japanese

Kanji
潮

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. tide
  2. saltwater
  3. opportunity

Readings

Usage notes
  • Both 潮 and 汐 have the kun-readings of shio and ushio. Archaically, tides in the morning were called 朝潮 (asashio), the term for tides at nighttime was 夕汐 (yūshio). For tides at any time of day, 潮汐 (chōseki) may be used.

Compounds
Compounds

Alternative forms

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
潮
しお
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

/usipo/ → */isipo/ → /sipo/ → /ɕifo/ → /ɕiwo/ → /ɕio/

A shift from or a shortening of Old Japanese ushio (see below).

Pronunciation

Noun

潮 (hiragana しお, rōmaji shio, historical hiragana しほ)

  1. a (morning) tide
    • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 18, poem 4045)[2], text here
      於 (お)伎 (き)敝 (へ)欲 (よ)里 (り)美 (み)知 (ち)久 (く)流 (る)之 (し)保 (ほ)能 (の)伊 (い)也 (や)麻 (ま)之 (し)尓 (に)安 (あ)我 (が)毛 (も)布 (ふ)支 (き)見 (み)我 (が)弥 (み)不 (ふ)根 (ね)可 (か)母 (も)加 (か)礼 (れ) [Man'yōgana]
      沖 (おき)辺 (べ)より満 (み)ち来 (く)る潮 (しほ)のいや増 (ま)しに我 (あ)が思 (も)ふ君 (きみ)が御 (み)船 (ふね)かもかれ [Modern spelling]
      okibe yori michikuru shio no iyamashi ni aga 'mou kimi ga mifune ka mo kare
      My lord[,] for whom I long more and more like the tide coming up from the offing, could that there be your boat?[3]
  2. seawater
  3. a (usually favorable) chance or opportunity
    Synonym: 潮時 (shiodoki)
  4. charm, attractiveness
    Synonym: 愛嬌 (aikyō)
  5. (historical) in the Edo period, name of a courtesan rank in the Shinmachi district of Osaka, next to the 鹿恋 (kakoi).

Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 塩 (しお) (shio, “salt”)
  • 潮時 (しおどき) (shiodoki)
  • 朝潮 (あさしお) (asashio, “morning tide”)
  • 真 (ま)潮 (しお) (mashio)
  • 夕潮 (ゆうしお) (yūshio, “evening tide”)

Proper noun

潮 (hiragana しお, rōmaji Shio, historical hiragana しほ)

  1. a surname​.
  2. a female given name

潮 (hiragana しほ, rōmaji Shiho)

  1. a surname​.
  2. a female given name

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
潮
うしお
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

/usipo/ → /usipo/ → /uɕifo/ → /uɕiwo/ → /uɕio/

From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki (712 CE).

Pronunciation

Noun

潮 (hiragana うしお, rōmaji ushio, historical hiragana うしほ)

  1. a (morning) tide
  2. seawater
  3. a tidal current
    Synonym: 潮流 (chōryū)
  4. Short for 潮汁 (ushiojiru): a thin soup of fish or shellfish boiled in seawater
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 潮 (うしお)汁 (じる) (ushiojiru), 潮 (うしお)煮 (に) (ushioni)
  • 潮 (うしお)染 (ぞめ), 潮 (うしお)染 (ぞ)め (ushiozome)

Proper noun

潮 (hiragana うしお, rōmaji Ushio, historical hiragana うしほ)

  1. a place name
  2. a surname​.
  3. a female given name

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 4: Man’yōshū 4 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 2003, →ISBN.
  3. Jan Lodewijk Pierson, Jr. (1963) The Manyôśû Translated and Annotated Book XVIII, Brill Archive, page 14

Korean

Hanja

潮 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

潮 (triều, trào, xèo, rều)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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