日本
Chinese
day; sun; date; day of the month; Japan (abbrev.) |
origin | ||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (日本) |
日 | 本 | |
anagram | 本日 | ||
Literally: “the sun's origin; where the sun originates”. |
Etymology
This appellation comes from imperial correspondence between the Chinese Sui Dynasty and Japan, and refers to the eastward position of Japan relative to China.
Pronunciation
Synonyms
Derived terms
Japanese
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
日 | 本 |
にち > に Grade: 1 |
ほん Grade: 1 |
Irregular | goon |
/nitɨpoɴ/ → /nip̚poɴ/ → /niɸoɴ/ → /nihoɴ/
Coined in Japan of Sinic elements, as compound of 日 (nichi, “sun”) + 本 (hon, “origin”) and literally meaning "origin of the sun". The hon element was apparently pronounced /poɴ/ when first coined. Over time, the initial /p/ lenited, becoming /f/ as shown in the Nifon entry in the 1603 Nippo Jisho ("Japanese-Portuguese Dictionary").[1] This then became the /h/ sound in modern Japanese.[2][3]
In older texts, this was read as kun'yomi as 日の本 (Hinomoto). The on'yomi readings Nippon and Nihon became more common in the Heian period, with both persisting into modern use.[3] The Nihon reading appears to be the most common in everyday Japanese usage.[4]
Pronunciation
Proper noun
日本 (hiragana にほん, rōmaji Nihon)
- Short for 日本国 (Nihon-koku): Japan
- 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho (page 463)
- Nifon ニホン (日本) 日本.
- 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho (page 463)
- a surname
Derived terms
- 日本一 (Nihon-ichi)
- 日本海 (Nihonkai, “Sea of Japan”)
- 日本語 (Nihongo, “Japanese language”)
- 日本国 (Nihon-koku)
- 日本鹿 (Nihon-jika)
- 日本時間 (Nihon Jikan)
- 日本式 (Nihon-shiki)
- 日本酒 (nihonshu)
- 日本中 (Nihon-jū)
- 日本書紀 (Nihon Shoki)
- 日本食 (Nihon-shoku)
- 日本人 (nihonjin, “Japanese person, Japanese people”)
- 日本刀 (nihontō)
- 日本標準時 (Nihon Hyōjunji)
- 日本料理 (Nihon ryōri, “Japanese cuisine”)
- 北日本 (Kita Nihon)
- 西南日本 (Seinan Nihon)
- 大日本 (Dai Nihon)
- 東北日本 (Tōhoku Nihon)
- 西日本 (Nishi Nihon)
- 東日本 (Higashi Nihon)
- 南日本 (Minami Nihon)
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
日 | 本 |
にち > にっ Grade: 1 |
ほん > ぽん Grade: 1 |
goon |
/nitɨpoɴ/ → /nip̚poɴ/
Phonetic variant of Nihon above, maintaining the /p/ sound.
Pronunciation
Proper noun
日本 (hiragana にっぽん, rōmaji Nippon)
- Short for 日本国 (Nippon-koku, “Japan”).
- 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho (page 466)
- Nippon ニッポン(日本) Fino moto. (日の本) 日本.
- 1998 November 30 [Nov 25 1990], Fujiko F. Fujio, のび
太 とアニマル惑星 [Nobita and the Animal Planet] (大長編ドラえもん; 10), volume 10 (fiction), 22nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 27:- ぼくらは日本からきたんだけど…。
- Bokura wa Nippon kara kitan dakedo….
- We’re from Japan, by the way….
- Nippon? Kiita koto nai.
- Japan? I’ve never heard of that before.
- ぼくらは日本からきたんだけど…。
- 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho (page 466)
- a surname
Derived terms
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
日 | 本 |
じつ > じっ Grade: 1 |
ほん > ぽん Grade: 1 |
kan’on |
/zitʉpon/ → /zip̚pon/ → /ʑip̚pon/
Uses the kan'on reading jitsu for 日, as compared to the goon reading nichi.
Proper noun
日本 (hiragana じっぽん, rōmaji Jippon)
- (archaic) Japan
- 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho (page 365)
- Iippon ジッポン (日本) Fino moto. (日の本) 東洋. すなわち、日本.
- (The quoted ii in iippon is the 16th century Portuguese romanization representing [ji].)
- 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho (page 365)
Coordinate terms
Anagrams
- 本日 (honjitsu)
See also
References
- Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN.
- 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 2012, ニホンVSニッポン 「日本」の読み方、どっちが優勢?, The Nikkei
- 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
- 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN