堤

堤	U+5824, 堤 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5824

← 堣
[U+5823]

CJK Unified Ideographs

堥 →
[U+5825]

Translingual

Han character

堤 (radical 32, 土+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 土日一人 (GAMO), four-corner 4618₁, composition ⿰土是)

References

KangXi: page 233, character 20

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5259

Dae Jaweon: page 470, character 36

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 463, character 1

Unihan data for U+5824

Chinese

simp. and trad.		堤
variant forms		隄

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (是) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
鞮	*teː
隄	teː, deː
堤	teː, teːʔ, *dje
鍉	*teː
蝭	teːs, deː
醍	tʰeːʔ, deː
緹	tʰeːʔ, deː
提	deː, dje
瑅	*deː
題	deː, deːs
媞	deː, deːʔ, *djeʔ
褆	deː, deʔ, *djeʔ
禔	deː, tje, *dje
騠	*deː
趧	*deː
鯷	deː, deːs, *djes
踶	deːs, deʔ
徥	deʔ, djeʔ
匙	*dje
是	*djeʔ
諟	*djeʔ
翨	hljes, kles
睼	*tʰeːns
寔	*djɯɡ
湜	*dɯɡ
遈	*djɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *teː, *teːʔ, *dje) : semantic 土 (“soil”) + phonetic 是 (OC *djeʔ).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dī, tí

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄧ, ㄊㄧˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): tai⁴
Min Nan (POJ): thê

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
  - Pinyin: dī
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄧ
  - Wade–Giles: tih¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: di
  - IPA ^(key): /ti⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan; variant in Mainland)⁺
  - Pinyin: tí
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄧˊ
  - Wade–Giles: t'ih²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tyi
  - IPA ^(key): /tʰi³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: tai⁴
  - Yale: tàih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tai⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: tei⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /tʰɐi̯²¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thê
  - Tâi-lô: thê
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tee
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tʰe²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰe²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰe¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰe²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰe²³/

Middle Chinese: /tei/▼

Rime
Character	堤
Reading #	2/3
Initial (聲)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	都奚切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tei/
Pan Wuyun	/tei/
Shao Rongfen	/tɛi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tɛj/
Li Rong	/tei/
Wang Li	/tiei/
Bernard Karlgren	/tiei/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dī

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*teː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	堤
Reading #	1/3
No.	11614
Phonetic component	是
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	低
Old Chinese	/*teː/

Definitions

堤

dike
base of bottle

Usage notes

Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian (《现代汉语规范词典》) proscribes the use of the pronunciation tí.

Compounds

上河堤 (Shànghédī)
下河堤 (Xiàhédī)
中河堤 (Zhōnghédī)
土堤
圩堤
埂堤
堤堰
堤壩／堤坝 (dībà)
堤封 (shífēng)
堤岸 (dī'àn)
堤防 (dīfáng)

斗湖堤 (Dǒuhúdī)
新堤 (Xīndī)
新堤口 (Xīndīkǒu)
梓楠堤 (Zǐnándī)
橫堤／横堤 (Héngdī)
汴堤
決堤／决堤
河堤 (Hédī)
海堤 (hǎidī)
白公堤

白堤
築堤／筑堤
群蟻潰堤／群蚁溃堤
自然堤
范公堤
西堤 (Xīdī)
長堤／长堤
防沙堤
防波堤 (fángbōdī)
須菩堤／须菩堤

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tǐ (ti³)

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄧˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: tǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄧˇ
  - Wade–Giles: t'ih³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tii
  - IPA ^(key): /tʰi²¹⁴/

Middle Chinese: /tei^X/▼

Rime
Character	堤
Reading #	3/3
Initial (聲)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	都禮切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tei^X/
Pan Wuyun	/tei^X/
Shao Rongfen	/tɛi^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tɛj^X/
Li Rong	/tei^X/
Wang Li	/tiei^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/tiei^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dǐ

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*teːʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	堤
Reading #	2/3
No.	11616
Phonetic component	是
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	邸
Old Chinese	/*teːʔ/
Notes	與坻通

Definitions

堤

to stop

Pronunciation 3

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shí, tí (shi², ti²)

(Zhuyin): ㄕˊ, ㄊㄧˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Pinyin: shí
  - Zhuyin: ㄕˊ
  - Wade–Giles: shih²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shy
  - IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Pinyin: tí
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄧˊ
  - Wade–Giles: t'ih²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tyi
  - IPA ^(key): /tʰi³⁵/

Middle Chinese: /d͡ʑiᴇ/▼

Rime
Character	堤
Reading #	1/3
Initial (聲)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	是支切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑjɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑiə̆/
Li Rong	/ʑie/
Wang Li	/ʑǐe/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʑie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chí

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*dje/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	堤
Reading #	3/3
No.	11643
Phonetic component	是
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	提
Old Chinese	/*dje/

Definitions

堤

Only used in 堤封 (shífēng).

Pronunciation 4

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wéi (wei²)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: wéi
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˊ
  - Wade–Giles: wei²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wei
  - IPA ^(key): /u̯eɪ̯³⁵/

Definitions

堤

Used in place names

Japanese

Kanji

堤

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Go-on: たい (tai)
Kan-on: てい (tei, Jōyō)
Kun: つつみ (tsutsumi, 堤, Jōyō)

Noun

堤 (hiragana つつみ, rōmaji tsutsumi)

dike

Proper noun

堤 (hiragana つつみ, rōmaji Tsutsumi)

A surname.

Korean

Hanja

堤 • (je) (hangeul 제, revised je, McCune–Reischauer che)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

堤 (đê)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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