勢

See also: 势
勢 U+52E2, 勢
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-52E2
← 勡
[U+52E1] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 勣 →
[U+52E3]

Translingual

Han character

勢 (radical 19, 力+11, 13 strokes, cangjie input 土戈大尸 (GIKS), four-corner 45427, composition ⿱埶力)

Derived characters
  • 𫸾, 𫉥

References
  • KangXi: page 149, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2422
  • Dae Jaweon: page 336, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 377, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+52E2

Chinese
trad. 勢
simp. 势

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (埶) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
褹 *ŋr'eːds, *ŋeds
勢 *hŋjeds
藝 *ŋeds
囈 *ŋeds
埶 *ŋeds
蓺 *ŋeds
槸 *ŋeds
爇 *ŋʷjed
褻 *sŋed
暬 *sŋed
熱 *ŋjed
槷 *ŋeːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *hŋjeds) : phonetic 埶 (OC *ŋeds) + semantic 力 (“power”).

Etymology

Nominalisation of 設 (OC *ŋ̊et, “to set up”), i.e. “that which is set up” (Schuessler, 2007; Baxter and Sagart, 2014). Compare the following quote from Han Feizi:

吾所為言勢者，言人之所設也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.][▼ expand/hide]
吾所为言势者，言人之所设也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
From: Han Feizi, circa 2nd century BCE
Wú suǒ wéi yán shì zhě, yán rén zhī suǒ shè yě. [Pinyin]
The setup (*ŋ̊et-s) of which I am speaking refers to what is set up (*ŋ̊et) by men.

Pronunciation
Note:
  • sè - literary;
  • sì - vernacular.
Rime
Character 勢
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 祭 (35)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 舒制切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɕiᴇiH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɕiɛiH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɕjæiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɕiajH/
Li
Rong		 /ɕiɛiH/
Wang
Li		 /ɕĭɛiH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɕi̯ɛiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shì
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 勢
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 shì
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ syejH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*ŋ̊et-s/
English circumstances, setting

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 勢
Reading # 1/1
No. 15089
Phonetic
component		 埶
Rime
group		 祭
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 丗
Old
Chinese		 /*hŋjeds/

Definitions

勢

  1. power; force; momentum; influence; authority
  2. outward appearance of something
  3. posture; position; pose; bearing
  4. situation; circumstances; conditions
  5. tendency; trend
  6. male genitals
  7. (mathematics) cardinality

Compounds
Derived terms from 勢

Japanese

Kanji
勢

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. forces
  2. energy
  3. military strength

Readings

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

勢 • (se) (hangeul 세, revised se, McCune–Reischauer se)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

勢 (thế, thể)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.