剣

Unorthodox variant of 劍.

剣 (radical 18, 刀+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人人中弓 (OOLN) or X人人中弓 (XOOLN), composition ⿰㑒刂)

• KangXi: not present, would follow page 141, character 41
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2076
• Dae Jaweon: page 321, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 345, character 4
• Unihan data for U+5263

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 劍)

1. double-edged sword
2. swordsmanship

• Go-on: こん (kon)^{←こん (kon, historical)←こむ (komu, ancient)}
• Kan-on: けん (ken, Jōyō)^{←けん (ken, historical)←けむ (kemu, ancient)}
• Kun: つるぎ (tsurugi, 剣, Jōyō)^{←つるぎ (turugi, historical)←つるき (turuki, ancient)}
• Nanori: あきら (akira); つとむ (tsutomu); はや (haya); まやか (mayaka)

• 利 (り)剣 (けん) (riken)
• 剣橋 (ケンブリッジ) (Kenburijji)

剣: A ken or tsurugi with 鞘 (saya, “scabbard”).

• 劔, 劒

/kem/ → /kemʉ/ → /keɴ/

From Middle Chinese 劍 (MC kɨɐm^H).

Compare modern Mandarin 劍 (jiàn).

• On’yomi: Kan’on
  • (Tokyo) け​ん [kéꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
  • IPA^(key): [kẽ̞ɴ]

剣 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 劍, hiragana けん, rōmaji ken)

1. a sword, especially one with a double-edged blade
2. swordsmanship

   Synonym: 剣術 (kenjutsu)

3. a bayonet

   Synonym: 銃剣 (jūken)

4. (entomology) a stinger
5. (entomology) an ovipositor
6. a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”), with varying designs of double-edged blades

This term refers to swords in general.[2]

• 剣 (けん)を売 (う)り牛 (うし)を買 (か)う (ken o uri ushi o kau)

• 剣 (けん)は一人 (いちにん)の敵 (てき)学 (まな)ぶに足 (た)らず (ken wa ichinin no teki manabu ni tarazu)
• 剣 (けん)を落 (お)として舟 (ふね)を刻 (きざ)む (ken o otoshite fune o kizamu)

剣 (hiragana けん, rōmaji Ken)

1. a male given name

⟨turuki₁⟩ → */turukʲi/ → /t͡suruɡi/

Shift from Old Japanese tsuruki,[1][2] itself of unknown derivation.

A surface analysis suggests that this might be a compound of 釣る, 吊る (tsuru, “to hang, as at one's side”) + ki, but there is no clear etymon for the ki portion. One possibility would be 牙 (“fang”), read as kiba in modern Japanese but also appearing as ki in Old Japanese contexts. Such usage might parallel the combined tooth and blade meanings of the term ha, spelled more specifically as 歯 (“tooth”) and 刃 (“blade”), with these two senses listed as cognates in Japanese dictionaries.[1][2]

More tentative suggestions have been connections to Austronesian, such as Tagalog suligi (“dart, short spear”), but such possibilities seem only speculative at present.

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) つるぎ [tsùrúgí] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • (Tokyo) つるぎ​ [tsùrúgíꜜ] (Odaka – [3])[1]
  • IPA^(key): [t͡sɨᵝɾɯ̟ᵝɡʲi]

剣 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 劍, hiragana つるぎ, rōmaji tsurugi)

1. a sword

This term usually refers more specifically to double-edged swords, as opposed to the single-edged 刀 (katana).[2]

剣 (hiragana つるぎ, rōmaji Tsurugi)

1. a female given name
2. a surname

Unknown. Japanese names often apply readings from other words to allude to different meanings.

• (Irregular reading)
  • IPA^(key): [ma̠ja̠ka̠]

剣 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 劍, hiragana まやか, rōmaji Mayaka)

1. a female given name

• 諸 (もろ)刃 (は) (moroha, “double edge”)