入る
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 入 |
| はい Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi |
Compound of 這い (“to crawl”, continuative form) + 入る (iru, “to enter”, etymology 2)
Verb
入る (intransitive, godan conjugation, hiragana はいる, rōmaji hairu)
- to enter, go into, get into
- お風呂に入る
- o-furo ni hairu
- take a bath
- (literally, “enter the bath”)
- 対策の検討に入る
- taisaku no kentō ni hairu
- start discussing plans for countermeasures
- (literally, “enter countermeasure investigation”)
- 亀裂が入ったタイヤ
- kiretsu ga haitta taiya
- cracked tire
- (literally, “tire that has had cracks enter”)
- ヒビが入ったiPhone
- hibi ga haitta aifon
- cracked iPhone
- (literally, “iPhone that has had cracks enter”)
- お風呂に入る
- to arrive
- to join a group or organization
- to contain, include
- to hold in a container, building, etc.
- for a period of time to begin
- to become usable
Antonyms
- (to enter): 出る (deru)
Derived terms
- 手に入る (te ni hairu)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "入る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 入ら | はいら | haira |
| Continuative (連用形) | 入り | はいり | hairi |
| Terminal (終止形) | 入る | はいる | hairu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 入る | はいる | hairu |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 入れ | はいれ | haire |
| Imperative (命令形) | 入れ | はいれ | haire |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 入られる | はいられる | hairareru |
| Causative | 入らせる 入らす |
はいらせる はいらす |
hairaseru hairasu |
| Potential | 入れる | はいれる | haireru |
| Volitional | 入ろう | はいろう | hairō |
| Negative | 入らない | はいらない | hairanai |
| Negative continuative | 入らず | はいらず | hairazu |
| Formal | 入ります | はいります | hairimasu |
| Perfective | 入った | はいった | haitta |
| Conjunctive | 入って | はいって | haitte |
| Hypothetical conditional | 入れば | はいれば | haireba |
Conjugation
Conjugation of "入る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 入ら | いら | ira |
| Continuative (連用形) | 入り | いり | iri |
| Terminal (終止形) | 入る | いる | iru |
| Attributive (連体形) | 入る | いる | iru |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 入れ | いれ | ire |
| Imperative (命令形) | 入れ | いれ | ire |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 入られる | いられる | irareru |
| Causative | 入らせる 入らす |
いらせる いらす |
iraseru irasu |
| Potential | 入れる | いれる | ireru |
| Volitional | 入ろう | いろう | irō |
| Negative | 入らない | いらない | iranai |
| Negative continuative | 入らず | いらず | irazu |
| Formal | 入ります | いります | irimasu |
| Perfective | 入った | いった | itta |
| Conjunctive | 入って | いって | itte |
| Hypothetical conditional | 入れば | いれば | ireba |
Classical conjugation of "入る" (ラ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 入ら | いら | ira |
| Continuative (連用形) | 入り | いり | iri |
| Terminal (終止形) | 入る | いる | iru |
| Attributive (連体形) | 入る | いる | iru |
| Realis (已然形) | 入れ | いれ | ire |
| Imperative (命令形) | 入れ | いれ | ire |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 入らず | いらず | irazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 入れど | いれど | iredo |
| Causal conjunction | 入れば | いれば | ireba |
| Conditional conjunction | 入らば | いらば | iraba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 入りき | いりき | iriki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 入りけり | いりけり | irikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 入りつ | いりつ | iritu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 入りぬ | いりぬ | irinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 入れり 入りたり | いれり いりたり | ireri iritari |
Usage notes
- Mostly confined to fixed expressions and idioms.
References
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
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