介

See also: 个

介	U+4ECB, 介 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4ECB

← 今
[U+4ECA]

CJK Unified Ideographs

仌 →
[U+4ECC]

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order

Han character

介 (radical 9, 人+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 人中中 (OLL), four-corner 8022₀, composition ⿱人⿰丿丨)

Derived characters

价, 吤, 圿, 妎, 㜾, 尬, 𡵚, 㠹, 忦, 扴, 𣲤, 阶, 斺, 𭨫, 𬂣, 𣬫, 炌, 𤘦, 𭷼, 玠, 𭺝, 祄, 畍, 𥄍, 砎, 𥝵, 蚧, 衸, 𧣋, 䚸, 𧿩, 𫒌, 𩈋, 𩉡, 𩡺(𩧦), 骱, 魀, 魪(𬶇), 𭍲, 𩾴, 𪐱, 齘(𬹼)
𠇧, 㰡, 𬿋, 𬿷, 䲸(𮭡), 𭀐, 𠨴, 㝏, 岕, 芥, 界, 𪽐, 㖎/㖋, 𣓴, 䯰, 𢗊, 𠌕

Descendants

ケ (Katakana character derived from Man'yōgana)

References

KangXi: page 91, character 19
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 359
Dae Jaweon: page 194, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 103, character 9
Unihan data for U+4ECB

Chinese

simp. and trad.		介

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 介

Shang

Western Zhou

Warring States

Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)

Liushutong (compiled in Ming)

Oracle bone script

Bronze inscriptions

Chu Slip and silk script

Qin slip script

Small seal script

Transcribed ancient scripts

**Oracle bone script**
j01444	j01445	j01446	j01447	j01448	j01449

**Small seal script**
s00795

**Transcribed ancient scripts**
L36198	L36199	L21168	L21169	L21170	L21171	L21172	L21173

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (介) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
妎	ɡaːds, ɡeːds
芥	*kreːds
尬	*kreːds
界	*kreːds
介	*kreːds
疥	*kreːds
玠	*kreːds
砎	kreːds, kreːd, *ɡraːd
魪	*kreːds
价	*kreːds
衸	kreːds, ɡreːds
齘	*ɡreːds
骱	ɡaːd, kreːd
扴	*kreːd
圿	*kreːd
忦	*kreːd

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 人 (“person”) + two marks encompassing, indicating "in between"

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): jiè (jie⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝˋ

(Chengdu, SP): jiai⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): gaai³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): gai¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kie / kiai
Min Dong (BUC): gái
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): kài

(Teochew, Peng'im): gai³
Wu (Wiktionary): jia (T2); ka (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: jiè
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˋ
  - Wade–Giles: chieh⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jieh
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: jiai⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: giai
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiɛi²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gaai³
  - Yale: gaai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gaai³
  - Guangdong Romanization: gai³
  - IPA ^(key): /käːi̯³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: gai¹
  - IPA ^(key): /kai³³/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kie
  - Hakka Romanization System: gie
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gie⁴
  - IPA: /ki̯e⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiai
  - Hakka Romanization System: giai
  - Hagfa Pinyim: giai⁴
  - IPA: /ki̯ai̯⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gái
  - IPA ^(key): /kɑi²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kài
  - Tâi-lô: kài
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kaix
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kaɪ²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kaɪ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kaɪ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kaɪ¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kaɪ²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gai³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kài
  - IPA ^(key): /kai²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: jia (T2); ka (T2)
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕia̱³⁴/, /ka̱³⁴/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 介
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕiɛ⁵¹/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕiɛ⁵³/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕie⁵³/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕiɛ²¹/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕiɛ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕiɛ³¹²/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕiɛ⁴⁴/
	Xining	/t͡ɕi²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕie¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕiə¹³/ /kɛ¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕiɤ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/kai³⁵/
	Chengdu	/kai¹³/ /t͡ɕiai¹³/
	Guiyang	/kai²¹³/ /t͡ɕie²¹³/
	Kunming	/kæ²¹²/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕiɛ⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕie̞⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕie⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕie̞³⁵/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕie⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/ka³⁵/ /t͡ɕia³⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡ɕiɑ⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/t͡ɕie̞⁴⁴⁵/
	Wenzhou	/ka⁴²/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕia³²⁴/ /ka³²⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/ka⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/kai⁵⁵/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/kai⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/kai⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/kiai⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/ke⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kai³³/
	Nanning	/kai³³/
	Hong Kong	/kai³³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kai²¹/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kɑi²¹²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kai³³/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kai²¹³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/kai³⁵/

Middle Chinese: /kˠɛi^H/▼

Rime
Character	介
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	皆 (33)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古拜切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠɛi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚæi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kɐi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəɨj^H/
Li Rong	/kɛi^H/
Wang Li	/kɐi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/kăi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiè

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤr[e]p-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*kreːds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	介
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiè
Middle Chinese	‹ kɛj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*kˁr[e]p-s/
English	armour; scale of animals
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	介
Reading #	1/1
No.	6525
Phonetic component	介
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	誡
Old Chinese	/*kreːds/

Definitions

介

to lie between
to relate two things; to connect; to link; to introduce
to assist; to help
to hang; to suspend
to rely on; to depend on
firm; persistent; unswerving
such; like this; this kind of
Original form of 界 (jiè, “boundary; role; duty”).
iota; tiny bit. Alternative form of 芥 (jiè).
Classifier for people or copper coins.
seashell; shell
to wear armour
(Min Dong) again; re-
(loanword, Taiwan) zepto- (SI unit prefix)

Compounds

Derived terms from 介

一介 (yījiè)
一介不取 (yījiè-bùqǔ)
不介意
不足介意
中介 (zhōngjiè)
中介社團／中介社团
人機介面／人机介面
介丘
介之推
介乎
介介
介入 (jièrù)
介冑
介圭
介士
介壽／介寿
介夫
介子 (jièzǐ)
介居
介山
介幘
介弟
介意 (jièyì)
介懷／介怀 (jièhuái)
介於／介于 (jièyú)
介殼／介壳 (jièqiào)
介殼蟲／介壳虫

介母
介然
介特
介石
介福
介立
介紹／介绍 (jièshào)
介紹人／介绍人 (jièshàorén)
介紹信／介绍信 (jièshàoxìn)
介紹所／介绍所 (jièshàosuǒ)
介蟲／介虫
介詞／介词 (jiècí)
介質／介质 (jièzhì)
介電質／介电质
介面卡
介面板
介音 (jièyīn)
仲介 (zhòngjiè)
仲介公司
卡介苗 (kǎjièmiáo)
大眾媒介／大众媒介
婚友介紹／婚友介绍
媒介 (méijiè)
媒介體／媒介体
孤介
嶮介／崄介
并介之人

引介
張介賓／张介宾
拘介
推介 (tuījiè)
收介
新聞媒介／新闻媒介
橫行介士／横行介士
毫不介意
江介
清介
煞有介事
狷介
簡介／简介 (jiǎnjiè)
紹介／绍介 (shàojiè)
纖介／纤介
耿介 (gěngjiè)
耿介之士
自我介紹／自我介绍 (zìwǒ jièshào)
褒采一介
評介／评介 (píngjiè)
譯介／译介 (yìjiè)
貴介／贵介
輕車介士／轻车介士
酒介齊眉／酒介齐眉
隱介藏形／隐介藏形
鱗介／鳞介
龍介／龙介 (lóngjiè)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Cantonese (Jyutping): gai¹

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gai¹
  - Yale: gāi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gai¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gei¹
  - IPA ^(key): /kɐi̯⁵⁵/

Definitions

介

(Hong Kong) Informal shorthand for 雞／鸡 (gai1).

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 介

Shang

Western Zhou

Warring States

Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)

Liushutong (compiled in Ming)

Oracle bone script

Bronze inscriptions

Chu Slip and silk script

Qin slip script

Small seal script

Transcribed ancient scripts

**Oracle bone script**
j01444	j01445	j01446	j01447	j01448	j01449

**Small seal script**
s00795

**Transcribed ancient scripts**
L36198	L36199	L21168	L21169	L21170	L21171	L21172	L21173

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (介) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
妎	ɡaːds, ɡeːds
芥	*kreːds
尬	*kreːds
界	*kreːds
介	*kreːds
疥	*kreːds
玠	*kreːds
砎	kreːds, kreːd, *ɡraːd
魪	*kreːds
价	*kreːds
衸	kreːds, ɡreːds
齘	*ɡreːds
骱	ɡaːd, kreːd
扴	*kreːd
圿	*kreːd
忦	*kreːd

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 人 (“person”) + two marks encompassing, indicating "in between"

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ke

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ke
  - Hakka Romanization System: ge
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ge⁴
  - IPA: /ke⁵⁵/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 介
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕiɛ⁵¹/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕiɛ⁵³/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕie⁵³/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕiɛ²¹/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕiɛ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕiɛ³¹²/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕiɛ⁴⁴/
	Xining	/t͡ɕi²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕie¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕiə¹³/ /kɛ¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕiɤ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/kai³⁵/
	Chengdu	/kai¹³/ /t͡ɕiai¹³/
	Guiyang	/kai²¹³/ /t͡ɕie²¹³/
	Kunming	/kæ²¹²/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕiɛ⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕie̞⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕie⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕie̞³⁵/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕie⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/ka³⁵/ /t͡ɕia³⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡ɕiɑ⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/t͡ɕie̞⁴⁴⁵/
	Wenzhou	/ka⁴²/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕia³²⁴/ /ka³²⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/ka⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/kai⁵⁵/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/kai⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/kai⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/kiai⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/ke⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kai³³/
	Nanning	/kai³³/
	Hong Kong	/kai³³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kai²¹/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kɑi²¹²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kai³³/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kai²¹³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/kai³⁵/

Definitions

介

(Hakka) Alternative form of 个 (“possessive particle”).

Japanese

Kanji

介

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

shell, shellfish
to be between, mediate
concern oneself with
interfere

Readings

Go-on: け (ke)
Kan-on: かい (kai, Jōyō)
Kun: たすける (tasukeru, 介ける); すけ (suke, 介)
Nanori: あき (aki)

Compounds

介意
介懐
介居
介 (かい)護 (ご) (kaigo)
介在
介子
介錯
介助
介心
介 (かい)入 (にゅう) (kainyū)
介馬
介 (かい)抱 (ほう) (kaihō)
介殻
介甲
介 (すけ)党 (とう)鱈 (だら) (suketōdara): Alaska pollock
介 (かい)病 (びょう) (kaibyō): nursing a patient
介卵
介鱗

Related terms

介する
介添え

Korean

Hanja

介 • (gae) (hangeul 개)

forerunner, herald, harbinger
to lie between
sea shell
to wear armor

Vietnamese

Han character

介 (giới)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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SI prefix
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阿	介/仄	攸/幺